Three children with pineal area tumors and ventriculoperitoneal shunts developed pelvic masses. In two, the solid masses reflected tumor cells seeded to the Pouch of Douglas while the third developed a loculation of fluid and tumor cells at the shunt tip.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

Computerized tomography in acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy: a case report.

Computerized tomography in a case of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalopathy showed extensive bilateral white matter damage, which resolved almost completely. The patient's near-complete recovery from the disease is followed by serial CT scans, suggesting that initial bilateral demyelinization is followed by slow remyelinization rather than disappearance of edema. CT scanning proves to be useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of white matter diseases.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1979

Third ventricle meningioma mimicking a colloid cyst in a child.

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Brain Diseases↗

PubMed1978

Neuroradiologic study of hamartomas of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus.

Five cases, four histologically proven, of hamartoma of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus in children are reported. The ages of the patients range from 2 to 12 years. Three cases had pubertas praecox, and in all of these the hamartoma was located in the basal cistern between the chiasm and pons and had a collar button shape and size typical of hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. In the third case, a huge calcified mass in the suprasellar region was initially thought to be craniopharyngioma. The fourth case had a hamartoma within the substance of the hypothalamus and presented with hyponatremia and temporal lobe seizures.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1978

The vasculature of the diaphragma sellae. A postmortem injection study.

The postmortem injection study demonstrated that the main blood supply to each quadrant of the competent diaphragma sellae appears to come from the following vessels: posterior quadrant, inferior hypophyseal arteries; right and left marginal quadrant, tributaries of the intracavernous portion of the carotid artery; anterior marginal quadrant, anterior capsular arteries. When the diaphragm is incomplete or absent the inferior hypophyseal arteries are the main source of blood supply. Microscopic analysis of the vascular bed in the diaphragma sellae reveals that there are fine arterial filaments mostly in the superior layer, while venules are situated in the inferior part of the diaphragm.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The effect of dextran and streptokinase on cerebral function and blood flow after cardiac arrest. An experimental study on the dog.

EEG activity and regional cerebral blood flow were studied during 5 h of maintenance following 12-16 min of cardiac arrest in 33 anesthetized dogs. Group I received no treatment. Group II received dextran 40. Group III were given both dextran 40 and streptokinase. In Group III the duration of flat EEG was significantly shorter than in Group I or II (P less than 0.002 and less than 0.008). The EEG score at 3 h had already reached a significant level as compared to Group I (P less than 0.005 at 3 h and P less than 0.002 at 5 h). The blood flow in the grey matter and hippocampus was greater in Group III than in Groups I and II. After 3 h the flow in Group III had already reached a significant level (P less than 0.0002, both grey matter and hippocampus) as compared to that in Group I. The findings suggest that impaired cerebral perfusion and function after cardiac arrest are most likely secondary to a combination of hemoconcentration, hyperviscosity, microthrombi formation, and edema at the microcirculatory level. Thus postischemic encephalopathy is in part due to perfusion abnormalities present after arrest, and is therefore amenable to therapy.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Ruptured teratoid tumor in the pineal region.

Distinctive plain X-ray and computer assisted tomography (CAT) findings led to the diagnosis in a case of teratoma in the pineal region and helped avoid invasive investigations. The demonstration by CAT of the location and size of the tumor as well as the presence of marked hydrocephalus directed the patient's therapy to ventriculoperitoneal shunting and radiation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Characteristics of calcification in tumors of the pineal gland.

Thirty-two cases of proved pineal tumor were analyzed. Calcification was seen in 75%. The size, character, and position of the calcification were useful indicators of abnormality on plain-film evaluation. Fray's cranioangle method was more sensitive than Oon's method in determining abnormal position of the calcified pineal tumor on the lateral skull film. Most calcifications were displaced postero-inferiorly or inferiorly, which can be explained by obstructive hydrocephalus or direct tumor expansion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1978

Radiologic findings of hamartomas of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus.

Five cases, four histologically proved, or hamartoma of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus in children (age range: 2--12 years) are reported. Three cases had pubertas praecox, and in all of these the hamartoma was located in the basal cistern between the chiasm and pons, and had a collar button shape and size typical of hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. In the third case, which presented with headache, a huge calcified mass in the suprasellar region was initially thought to be craniopharyngioma. The fourth case had a hamartoma within the substance of the hypothalamus and presented with hyponatremia and temporal lobe seizures.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed1978

Renal circulation after cardiac arrest. Angiography and microangiography.

Renal circulation following 3 to 14 min of cardiac arrest was investigated in 21 mongrel dogs by angiography, microangiography and histology. Arrest longer than 7 min caused variable degrees of abnormal angiographic findings after resuscitation: (1) segmental perfusion defects and cortical areas without nephrographic effect, (2) loss of demarcation of cortex and medulla, (3) decreased nephrography, (4) faint and delayed filling of the renal veins, (5) diffuse segmental spasm of the interlobar arteries with delayed emptying. Microangiography demonstrated non-filling of glomeruli in segmental areas of renal cortex, diffuse malperfusion and vasoconstriction as well as obliteration of afferent arterioles due to red blood cell aggregation. No tendency toward recovery within the 5-hour resuscitation period.

Animals↗

PubMed1977

The effect of dextran on cerebral function and blood flow after cardiac arrest. An experimental study on the dog.

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Animals↗

PubMed1976

Aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus: rare sequelae of mumps virus infections.

A case of a rare acquired form of aqueductal stenosis and hydrocephalus developing as a late sequela of mumps virus infection of the central nervous system is presented. The experimental studies of mumps induced aqueductal stenosis in hamsters and mice and the four previously reported cases in the literature are reviewed.

Animals↗

PubMed1976

Angiographic findings in recurrent meningioma.

Of 147 patients who underwent radical surgery for intracranial meningioma, 25 (17%) had symptomatic recurrence requiring further surgery. Correlation between histological and angiographic findings of recurrent meningioma was poor. Following extirpation of feeding meningeal vessels in convexity meningiomas, the principal blood supply was usually from the anterior, middle, and/or posterior cerebral arteries. The angiographic appearance was that of a "tree-root" or "sunburst" pattern, indicating neoplastic invasion of the pia mater and/or underlying brain tissue. Polytomography, selective cerebral angiography, and radionuclide imaging of the brain are often necessary to detect early recurrent meningiomas. Computed tomography appears to be an innocuous and accurate method of diagnosing recurrent tumor, especially when the bone is not involved.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1976

Effect of cardiac arrest on cerebral circulation. An experimental investigation.

The effect of 2 to 15 min of cardiac arrest on cerebral circulation was investigated in dogs and Rhesus monkeys. When circulatory arrest lasted longer than 5 minutes, angiographic changes of the no-reflow phenomenon were observed between 3 and 4 h after resuscitation in dogs but not in monkeys. These findings were (1) marked prolongation of the arterial phase in both intracranial and extracranial arteries; followed by (2) occasional evidence of dilatation of the proximal intracranial arteries with non-filling of the distal intracranial arteries; and (3) faint demonstration of the venous phase. Carbon black perfusion results were (1) diffuse lack of perfusion at the arteriolar-capillary level and (2) multifocal areas of filling defects. Regional cortical blood flow measurement in monkeys disclosed a significant decrease in flow starting from 3 h after re-establishment of circulation for those in which longer than 5 min of arrest was induced.

Animals↗