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Biomedical subjects

S Patel

Publications and source records attributed to S Patel.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Effect of isoetharine on cardiac conduction in man.

The effects of isoetharine on the His bundle electrogram were studied in 10 patients with heart disease. Recordings were made at varied heart rates using atrial pacing. Isoetharine significantly reduced the AH interval with atrial pacing, but it had no effect on the HV interval. Second degree heart block occurred at higher pacing rates after isoetharine treatment as compared to the control state. The heart rate and blood pressure showed no significant change after isoetharine. The functional and effective refractory period were measured with the use of the extra-stimulus technique. The functional refractory period of the AV node, as well as the effective refractory period of the atrium, significantly decreased after isoetharine. Thus, isoetharine can improve conduction through the atrioventricular node. The drug does have a cardiac effect as measured by its action on the human conduction system.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

Computed measures on computed tomograms of the head.

Measures of average parietal bone mass (APBM) and average parietal skull width (APSW) were developed using automatic image processing techniques and a special polar coordinate system. The precision of the technique is about 2%; the measures are obtained by processing one section of a computed tomographic head scan obtained without special apparatus. In males the APBM does not decrease with age; in females it splits into two groups of age, probably based on postmenopausal changes. The APSW in both males and females increases slightly with age. The clinical utility of the measures is discussed.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1982

Left ventricular wall motion improvement after phentolamine: a case report.

Left ventricular wall motion abnormalities are commonly seen in coronary artery disease patients. The differentiation between reversibly ischemic areas an irreversibly damaged areas is 1 was of predicting which patient might gain improved ventricular function from surgical correction. One patient with coronary artery disease is presented here who showed poor septal movement on his echocardiogram. After the IV administration of phentolamine, the septal movement became normal. Thus, phentolamine should be considered as an agent that can detect reversible areas of wall motion abnormalities.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1982

Paradoxical response to the vasodilators.

A 52-year-old male was admitted to the hospital in congestive heart failure. Mitral stenosis as well as an aortic valve prosthesis were the underlying cardiac abnormalities. A Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted and various vasodilators were administered. Phentolamine, nitrates, nitroprusside, and hydralazine all produced an unexpected and at times an alarming increase in the pulmonary artery pressure. The explanation of this paradoxical hemodynamic response is unknown but demonstrates the importance of hemodynamic monitoring with vasodilator therapy

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1982

Effect of nebulized isoproterenol on cardiac conduction in man.

The effects of Isuprel administered by means of a mistometer were studied in 8 patients with heart disease. Recordings were made at varied heart rates using atrial pacing. In addition, the functional and effective refractory periods were measured with the use of the extra stimulus technique. Four inhalations of the mistometer were administered to each patient (0.5 mg). The AH interval was 100 +/- 13 msec before and 93 +/- 23 msec 5 minutes after the Isuprel administration (p less than 0.05). Isuprel significantly reduced the AH interval with atrial pacing. The AH interval at an atrial pacing rate of 100/minute was 148 +/- 70 msec before and 131 +/- 51 msec after Isuprel (p less than 0.05). Isuprel had no significant effect on the HV interval. The effective and functional refractory period of the atrioventricular node was not significantly changed after Isuprel. The heart rate and blood pressure showed no significant change after Isuprel. No cardiac arrhythmias were seen. (The systemic absorption of the drug was probably minimal.) Isuprel administered by means of the mistometer can improve conduction through the atrioventricular node. Nevertheless, the potent bronchodilating effects of Isuprel and the absence of tachycardia and cardiac arrhythmias does attest to the safety of this agent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

133xe uptake in focal hepatic fat accumulation: CT correlation.

Irregular fatty infiltration of the liver appears as focal areas of decreased attenuation on computed tomography (CT) and often cannot be distinguished from other, clinically more significant space-occupying lesions. Six patients with CT and clinical findings suggestive of fatty infiltration had xenon-133 ventilation scans of the liver. Four of these patients showed uptake and retention of 133Xe in the corresponding area of the liver, confirming the presence of fatty infiltration. The two patients in whom there was no uptake or retention of xenon by the liver were subsequently proven to have liver abscess and metastatic adenocarcinoma, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Posterior circulation revascularization. Superficial temporal artery to superior cerebellar artery anastomosis.

Eight patients were evaluated for severe vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI). There were five males and three females, with an average age of 60.2 years (range 42 to 67 years). Three were diabetic and five hypertensive, including two patients who had both diseases. Seven of the eight had ongoing episodes of VBI refractory to anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet agents. Symptoms included two or more of the following in all patients: dizziness, diplopia, hemiparesis, hemihypesthesia, perioral numbness, bilateral visual blurring, dysarthria, and ataxia. Angiography revealed severe atherosclerotic stenosis of the proximal or midsection of the basilar artery in all patients. A 10-cm segment of the anterior or posterior division of the superficial temporal artery (STA) was anastomosed to a proximal segment of the superior cerebellar artery (SCA) through a right subtemporal approach. Seven of eight (87%) postoperative angiograms demonstrated patency as evidenced by filling of the SCA and, in most cases, of the basilar artery. Six of the eight patients were improved or asymptomatic after the operation, one was unchanged, and one died. The average follow-up period was 14 months, with a range of 4 to 23 months. Transient morbidity included temporal lobe swelling in four patients and a subdural hematoma in one. Anastomosis of the STA to the SCA is a feasible therapeutic option in the patient with VBI secondary to stenosis of the proximal or midsection of the basilar artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Early angiographic changes after carotid endarterectomy.

This report reviews the angiographic evaluation of 41 patients who underwent a carotid endarterectomy at Henry Ford Hospital. Postoperative angiograms were performed after 48 endarterectomies. Changes included the development of postoperative intimal flaps, common carotid stenosis, carotid occlusions, areas of corrugation, surface irregularities, and postendarterectomy dilatation. The development of dilatation, or the pantaloon effect, on the endarterectomized segment contributed to the limited use of angioplastic procedures. The benefits derived from a postoperative angiogram include the objective evaluation of the endarterectomized segment, the demonstration of a potentially complicating problem such as intimal flaps that could lead to restenosis, and recognition of the possible development of associated local problems. The procedure can be done with limited risks to the patients and in competent hands has low morbidity and mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of valium (diazepam) on experimental atherosclerosis in roosters.

The development of aortic and coronary atherosclerotic plaques were investigated in roosters fed an atherogenic diet with and without the addition of Valium (0.2 mg/kg twice daily) over a period of 5 months, as a step toward understanding the role of emotional factors in atherogenesis. Plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, hemodynamic parameters, and body weight were measured. There was a progressive, and quantitatively similar, body weight gain in all birds. In addition, there were no significant differences in values for blood pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate between the various experimental groups. Conversely, birds receiving the atherogenic diet, as well as those receiving the atherogenic diet along with Valium, exhibited a marked hypercholesterolemia which reached a peak of 600 mg/dl in 4-6 weeks, before decreasing to between 200 and 300 mg/dl by the 10th week. Plasma triglyceride levels followed a qualitatively similar pattern as plasma cholesterol. Those birds fed an atherogenic diet alone developed atherosclerotic lesions on the aortic surface which was more pronounced on the abdominal than the thoracic aorta. Aortas from birds given Valium along with the atherogenic diet were completely free of lesions despite the fact that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were not significantly different in the two groups. Histological sections of coronary arteries showed severe lesions in 4 out of 7 birds which were fed the atherogenic diet alone, whereas the birds given Valium along with the atherogenic diet had only an occasional slight lipid deposit. It was concluded that Valium provides some protection against the development of atherosclerosis in roosters fed an atherogenic diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Screening for metastases in breast cancer: an assessment of biochemical and physical methods.

Ten tumor markers were measured in serum or urine at approximately three month intervals in patients with breast cancer following mastectomy but before development of overt metastatic disease. In 23 patients who later had metastases, only three markers, alkaline phosphatase, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) were consistently abnormal prior to the development of detectable metastases in more than one patient. In half the patients, a "lead interval" of three months or more was obtained using these three markers and little advantage was obtained by the addition of any other biochemical marker. The value of these three measurements was then assessed in a larger group of patients and compared with other tests for metastases. Alkaline phosphatase, CEA, gamma-GT, clinical examination, and chest x-ray were the best indices of the metastatic state in breast cancer, being collectively abnormal in 98% of patients at first presentation with metastases. The authors recommend screening patients postoperatively with these five tests for metastases; more detailed tests should only be carried out if results of one or more these are abnormal.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Diagnosis of internal jugular vein thrombosis by computed tomography.

Internal jugular vein thrombosis was diagnosed by computed tomography in three cases. In all cases, selective catheterization of the internal jugular vein was avoided. Rapid intravenous infusion of contrast material was made to obtain prolonged blood iodine levels, allowing sufficient time to scan the neck adequately.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pacemaker failure following external defibrillation.

An 81-year-old female with the sick sinus syndrome had a permanent pacemaker implanted. She subsequently developed ventricular fibrillation and was successfully defibrillated. However, the defibrillation paddle was placed on the pulse generator which led to a complete loss of function of the pulse generator. External defibrillation can produce varying degrees of damage to the implanted pulse generator. The resultant abnormalities are discussed and recommended defibrillation procedures are also outlined in this report.

Aged↗