Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Patel.
Hodgkin's disease is a rare occurrence in the orbit and, when present, has been seen in patients as part of the known systemic diasthesis usually in the terminal phase. A case of nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's with a long-standing lesion of the orbit leading to bony excavation in the lacrimal fossa is reported.
Histochemical methods for proteins were applied to crystals found in pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid. Positive reactions were obtained with methods for tyrosine, tryptophan, arginine and sulphydryl groups, and indicate a greater complexity of composition than has previously been acknowledged.
Furosemide has been extensively used in the treatment of heart failure and its effect on cardiovascular dynamics are well established. Clinical relief of the symptoms of pulmonary congestion frequently precedes any demonstrable diuretic effect, suggesting that extra renal factors may also be involved. More recent studies on the extra-renal action of furosemide showed an increase of venous capacitance as an early hemodynamic effect of the drug. In spite of furosemides wide use in the treatment of heart failure and hypertension, there is no information on the electrophysiologic properties of the drug in man. The present study involving 8 human subjects was undertaken to determine what effect intravenously administered furosemide has on the human conduction system.
Patients suffering from vertebrobasilar insufficiency frequently have multiple areas of involvement in the extracranial circulation. Eight patients admitted to Henry Ford Hospital had symptoms suggestive of vertebrobasilar insufficiency and angiograms showing multiple abnormalities. A combined operation that reconstructed the carotid and vertebral circulations in one single procedure was completed in all patients with minimal morbidity and no mortality. The surgical procedure is described in detail.
Very heavy social drinkers demonstrated less slowing of their heart rate than controls while exhaling after a maximal inhalation. While this suggests defective autonomic control of the heart, clarification of the mechanism and significance of this reflex and its impairment must await sophisticated study.
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The sonographic picture of fetal cyclopia at 33 weeks' gestation consists of a small fetal head, a central cavity replacing the cerebral lateral ventricles, lack of midline structures, absence of hemispheral vascular pattern and hydramnios. In addition, in our case a structure projecting from the fetal face correlated well with the proboscis. This sonographic feature is the clue in differentiating fetal cyclopia from other forms of alobar prosencephaly.
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The ability of the human germ cell tumor cell lines Tera 1, Tera 2, PA-1, LICR LON HT 39/7, LICR LON HT3B1, and LICR LON HT 53 to synthesize and secrete fibronectin has been studied. The presence of cellular fibronectin was examined using indirect immunofluorescence, whereas the synthesis and secretion of the protein were studied using specific immunoprecipitation from cultures radioactively labeled with [35S]methionine. Two of the cell lines, LICR LON HT 39/7 and Tera 1, did not synthesize fibronectin, whereas all the other cell lines did. Plasma membrane fibronectin could not be demonstrated on any of the cell lines, although cytoplasmic fibronectin was easily demonstrable. The cells appear therefore to synthesize fibronectin but not retain it. Sodium dodecyl sulfate:polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the secreted fibronectin produced by the human teratoma cell lines showed that it had an apparent molecular weight greater than that produced by adult human breast fibroblasts or human plasma fibronectin. Peptide mapping of this secreted germ cell tumor fibronectin, by partial proteolytic cleavage, yielded peptide patterns similar to those obtained from either human plasma fibronectin or adult human breast fibroblast fibronectin. The difference in molecular weight between the fibronectins may therefore be due to changes in their patterns of glycosylation.
The value of a monoclonal antibody, LICR-LON-Fib-75 (Fib-75), which mediates complement lysis and recognises an antigen present on all epithelial-tumour cells so far studied but not on lymphoid cells or bone-marrow stem cells, in clearing infiltrated bone marrow was assessed. Chromium-51-release and trypan-blue-exclusion assays showed that no tumour cells were viable after exposure to Fib-75 and complement except when large clumps (greater than 500 cells) were present, whereas Fib-75 had no significant effect on bone-marrow cells, as judged by colony-forming-unit and pluripotential-stem-cell assays.
The central ganglia of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, were processed for the immunohistochemical localisation of bombesin-, substance P-, cholecystokinin-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-, enkephalin-, serotonin- and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase-related substances. To varying extents all of the substances were localised in neuropile processes, and all, with the exception of substance P, were associated with specific perikarya. The most prominent neuropeptides, in terms of the number of immunoreactive neurones, were cholecystokinin and vasoactive intestinal peptide. The dopamine-beta-hydroxylase positive neurones are thought to be octopaminergic, and the serotonin monoclonal antibody revealed positive staining in the Retzius cells. We were unable to demonstrate the coexistence of pairs of substances in any neurones in the leech ganglia.
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A new technical approach to endarterectomy of the vertebral artery at the cranial cervical junction is discussed. A patient had symptoms of vertebrobasilar insufficiency on clinical examination. Angiography demonstrated a stenotic plaque in the vertebral artery at the level of C1, and an additional tandem lesion at the origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. He underwent vertebral endarterectomy and was symptomatically improved postoperatively. The surgical approach used and possible alternatives will be discussed in detail.
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The value of computed tomography (CT) in patients with severe renal inflammatory disease has not been previously emphasized. This paper presents the authors' experience using this modality in 17 patients with acute intrarenal inflammatory conditions. A spectrum of various renal abnormalities and their CT appearance ranging from lobar nephronia (focal pyelonephritis) to xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is presented. These cases demonstrate that CT provides more precise anatomic information than does urography and is helpful in distinguishing uncomplicated patterns of renal infection from other types of renal inflammatory disease. In this way, patients who may be managed medically can be differentiated from those who require surgical intervention.
The authors reviewed computed tomography (CT) studies that had been preceded within 2 days by angiography. Twenty-one patients were selected who showed no laboratory evidence of liver or renal disease. Eighteen patients received greater than 37 g of iodine at angiography. Eight of these underwent CT within 2 h of angiography and showed enhancement of the gallbladder wall, nine underwent CT 15 to 48 h after angiography and showed enhancement of the gallbladder contents, and one had no gallbladder enhancement. Three patients received less than 22 g of iodine at angiography and none had gallbladder enhancement on CT. The necessity of differentiating normal gallbladder enhancement from pathology on CT is stressed. In addition, the physiologic mechanisms responsible for gallbladder enhancement are presented, and the relationship of our findings to the total body opacification effect and to infusion tomography of the gallbladder is discussed.
It has been established by a combination of HPLC and electrochemical detection that frog, lizard, goldfish, rabbit, and bovine retinas contain both dopamine and serotonin. Immunohistological and immunoradiographical methods show that serotonin is localised in amacrine perikarya and processes situated in the inner plexiform layers of frog, lizard, and goldfish retinas. The amount of serotonin in the mammalian retina appears to be too low for detection in neurones. The serotonin in the bovine retina is located mainly in the inner nuclear and plexiform layers, suggesting that the amine is present in the same types of cells as found for frog, lizard, and goldfish retinas. Retinas incubated in [3H]serotonin showed that radioactivity is associated with processes in the inner plexiform layer and amacrine perikarya. These results suggest that the neuronal elements that contain endogenous serotonin also have the capacity to accumulate exogenous amine and are consistent with the opinion that serotonin has a neuronal function in retinas of a variety of vertebrates.