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Biomedical subjects

S Oshima

Publications and source records attributed to S Oshima.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Histopathological and morphometrical study of the human epididymis and testis.

Histopathological and morphometrical observations of the epididymis and testis were performed on 159 autopsy cases and 3 surgical materials of orchiectomy. The serum values of testosterone, FSH, LH, and values of intratesticular testosterone were measured in a certain number of the cases. Concerning the epididymis, increasing arteriosclerotic change was observed in the older epididymis. A high incidence of hyalinization of small arteries and arterioles was found in the younger epididymis. Eosinophilic microbodies were seen in the epithelial nuclei of the ductus epididymidis with high incidence in the older age groups. They were thought to be a catabolic compound containing phospholipids and protein resulting from cell degeneration of the mucosal epithelium. The diameter of the ductus epididymidis decreased with age. Inflammatory changes and ensued periductal sclerosis were found in the efferent duct area with an extremely high incidence. Serum values of testosterone correlated with both the age and morphological scoring calculated on the basis of either clusters or individual Leydig cells. Furthermore, testicular volume was inversely correlated with age.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Double-blind comparative clinical evaluation of cefamandole and cefmetazole in the treatment of respiratory tract infections].

Cefamandole sodium (CMD), a new cephalosporin-derivative, was synthesized in the Laboratory of Eli-Lilly Co. Ltd. U.S.A. in 1972. CMD, which is several times more active than cefmetazole (CMZ, a cephamycin antibiotic) against Gram-positive cocci, is only as active as the latter antibiotic against Gram-negative bacilli. Against Haemophilus influenzae, CMD exhibits an antimicrobial activity which is as strong as that of ampicillin sodium. Our previous comparative tests on efficacy and safety of CMD versus cefazolin (CEZ) demonstrated that CMD was as effective and safe as CEZ in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. In the present clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of CMD are evaluated by a comparative double blind method using CMZ, a more recently synthesized cephamycin antibiotic, as a reference drug. For this purpose, a comparative double blind study was carried out in 50 institutions and clinics in Tohoku and Hokkaido districts in Japan. A total of 272 inpatients, who was aged over 16 years and was diagnosed as having pneumonia, lung abscess or acute infectious exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, was included in this trial. They received 2 g of CMD or CMZ twice a day by intravenous drip infusions, as a rule, for 14 days. Of these patients, 264 (133 received CMD and 131 CMZ) were available for the evaluation of safety and usefulness. Two hundred and thirty-eight patients (122 received CMD and 116 CMZ) were adopted for the evaluation of efficacy. Prior to the treatment, there was no significant difference with respect to age, sex, severity of infection and underlying diseases between subjects in 2 treatment groups. An excellent or good clinical response was obtained in 82% of the patients treated with CMD, and in 81% of those treated with CMZ. Thus, there was no significant difference in cure rate between 2 treatment groups. However, an excellent clinical response was found in 12.3% of the patients treated with CMD, whereas only in 4.3% of those treated with CMZ. This difference in percentage of excellent clinical response between 2 treatment groups was statistically significant (P less than 0.05). Of the 87 patients with moderate to severe infection who were treated with CMD, 13 showed an excellent response. Only 4 of 90 patients treated with CMZ showed an excellent response. Statistically the difference in the rate of excellent response between these 2 groups was significant (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗