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Biomedical subjects

S Ono

Publications and source records attributed to S Ono.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Definitive myocardial blood flow evaluated by contrast echocardiography: experimental and A-C bypass flow studies].

We evaluated the feasibility of a new method for calculating definitive myocardial flow using contrast echocardiography in canine experiments and in patients who had undergone ACBG surgery. The principle for calculating flow was based on Kety-Schmidt method using time-intensity curve analysis between the epicardial and endocardial aspect. Inlet and outlet flows were hypothesized at the epicardium and endocardium, respectively. Analysis of time-contrast-intensity curves between the epicardium and endocardium, the difference of the area to the saturated point between epicardium and pericardium (A), and the saturated value (H) theoretically lead to the equation: Flow = 100 x (H/A) (Kety-Schmidt) in a 100-gram myocardium. No factors of intensity and time were included. Using this equation, the flow in 7 experimental canine and the flow of 9 patients who had ACBG surgery were compared to the electromagnetic flow. In the canine experiments, the left circumflex coronary artery was dissected free and was connected with contrast injector, a magnetic flowmeter and pneumatic occluder, proximal to distal in this order. Flow was controlled either by the occluder or drugs (papaverin and dipyridamole). Manually-agitated contrast media were injected rapidly (1 ml/2.5 sec), and M-mode echocardiographic recordings were densitometrically translated into time-intensity curves. Thirty-eight trials in 7 dogs showed close correlations (r = 0.901) between the electromagnetic flow and contrast echo flow. For the patients with ACBG, M-mode contrast echo recordings were made using transesophageal echo during the operations with contrast injections via the bypass grafts. Analysis of time-intensity curves was made and recorded in the same way as during the experiments.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Estimation of atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta by transesophageal echocardiography].

The thoracic aorta is one of the portions frequently involved with atherosclerotic lesions. We estimated atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta in consecutive 137 patients (59 +/- 10 years old) using transesophageal echocardiography. The study population consisted of 60 with coronary artery disease (CAD), 36 with hypertension (HT), 28 with hypercholesterolemia (HC, total cholesterol greater than or equal to 230 mg/dl), eight with dissecting aneurysm, nine with true aneurysm and two with aortitis syndrome. We used a single transverse scan-plane probe with ultrasound frequency of 5 MHz. We could obtain satisfactory echograms of whole thoracic aorta except upper portion of the ascending aorta. We defined atherosclerotic lesions as an increased echo-density of the intima, protruded plaque, ulceration or aneurysm. Atherosclerotic lesions were observed in 71 of 137 patients (52%). High incidence of the atherosclerotic lesions was seen in patients with HT (72%), HC (57%) and CAD (57%), whereas incidence of atherosclerotic lesions was low (15%) in patients without HT, HC, CAD or aortic aneurysm. Atherosclerotic lesions were observed more frequently in patients aged greater than or equal to 60 years (69% vs 34%, p less than 0.001). In patients with HT or HC, atherosclerotic lesions were frequently observed even in patients younger than 60 years old (HT: 58%, HC: 53%). We concluded that HT, HC and aging were important risk factors for the atherosclerotic process in the thoracic aorta, and transesophageal echocardiography was a useful approach for the detailed estimation of atherosclerotic lesions in the thoracic aorta.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Generalised type of acquired dermal melanocytosis].

A 55 year-old man with a leiomyosarcoma of the rectum and its multiple metastatic lesions in the liver was evaluated for the presence of multiple pigmented macules. The initial lesion was noticed on the face at the age of 53 years old, and then extended to the upper extremities and the back, and became darkened. On physical examination, there were extensive and multiple blue gray macules on the face, upper extremities, shoulders, and the back. Grey flecks on the both palpebral conjunctivas, blue-grey flecks on the palate and blue and brown pigmentation of the gingiva were also noticed. The serum levels of alpha-MSH and growth hormone showed about twice as much as normal range. By light and electron microscopic examinations, pigment bearing cells were identified as dermal melanocytes. From these findings, we diagnosed this case as a generalized type of acquired dermal melanocytosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Clinico-experimental analysis of backgrounds of the severe surgical infections].

The purpose of this study was to analyse the clinical course of 410 patients of severe surgical infections (primary 251, postoperative 159) during recent 5 years and to evaluate the important background factors which make these patients serious. As a result, the following patients such as, (1) who have refractory primary infections, for example malignant lymphoma, severe pancreatitis etc. (2) whose infectious foci were uncontrolled. (3) who had finally complicated a septic MOF or DIC, seemed to be especially critical even though recent advanced surgical therapy. To improve these severe conditions, we believe to need a renewed approach like so called "multi-disciplinary therapy", additionally with both conventional antibiotics administration and drainage for infectious foci. Several methods such as, (1) rational nutrition management using indirect calorimetry. (2) plasma exchange for removing toxic substances such as bacterial toxins, chemical mediators etc, from circulating blood. (3) pharmacological block of these toxic substances, were shown. In terms of the harmful chemical mediators, we supposed that both PAF (platelet activating factor) and oxygen free radical were extremely important in septic conditions from previous clinico-experimental studies. Therefore the effects of those pharmacological blockers such as PAF antagonists, SOD, protease inhibitor in experimental endotoxin shock were discussed in detail.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Two cases of idiopathic pneumopericardium].

Idiopathic pneumopericardium (I.P.) is a rare disease which occurs in a manner etiologically different from pneumopericardium. Recently, we encountered two apparent cases of I.P. at the Department of Surgery, Aomori Rhosai Hospital. Results of observation indicated that, in case 1, diving practice in a pool was the cause of the sickness, and in case 2, the cause was severe morning sickness during pregnancy. Unlike pneumopericardium that comes from traumatism, lesions of the surrounding organs, infection iatrogenicity and the like, the present cases were diagnosed as idiopathic pneumopericardium resulting from rupture of a number of alveoli due to transitory abnormal increase in Valsalva maneuver at expiration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Relationship between esophageal varices and azygos vein evaluated by cineportography.

The relationship between esophageal varices and the azygos vein, which is generally considered to drain the major part of the variceal blood flow, was evaluated by percutaneous transhepatic cineportography in 35 patients with portal hypertension. We classified the patients into three groups. Those patients in whom most of the variceal blood drained into the azygos vein were designated the azygos-type group (n = 18). Those in whom most of the blood flowed into the brachiocephalic venous system were defined as the cervical-type group (n = 5), and those in whom the varices were drained by both the azygos vein and the brachiocephalic venous system were called the combined-type group (n = 12). Highly developed esophageal varices were recognized endoscopically in all patients in the combined-type and cervical-type groups, whereas some of the patients in the azygos-type group had less well-developed varices. In the azygos-type group, a tendency for the varices to be more severe as their drainage into the azygos vein became more cephalad was noted. Evaluation of the drainage of esophageal varices was considered useful not only for obtaining full comprehension of the significance of the azygos vein but also for assessing the suitability for sclerotherapy. Percutaneous transhepatic cineportography was useful for this purpose because it enables visualization of even the most minute amounts of blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Blood flow and blood oxygen partial pressure of the azygos vein in portal hypertension evaluated by the catheter method].

To evaluate the clinical significance of blood flow in the azygos vein and the oxygen partial pressure in azygos venous blood in portal hypertension, we examined 25 patients with liver cirrhosis, 4 with chronic hepatitis, 4 with idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) and 16 controls by the continuous thermodilution method and azygos venous blood sampling. The azygos venous flow was significantly higher in the patients with chronic liver diseases than in the controls. There was a significant correlation between azygos venous flow and hepatic venous pressure gradient. In the patients with liver cirrhosis, about one half of the azygos venous flow was assumed to represent upward collateral flow, as the azygos venous flow was 3.4% of cardiac output in the controls, 6.3% in the liver cirrhosis patients, and 5.1% in the IPH patients. Oxygen partial pressure in azygos venous blood was higher in patients with portal hypertension, especially in the IPH patients, which indicates that part of splenic flow drains into the azygos vein.

Azygos Vein↗
PubMed1991

[Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with dilated cardiomyopathy: an autopsy case report].

This is a clinical report of a rare case of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. A seventy-seven-year-old Japanese male first visited our outpatient clinic with a ten-year history of muscular weakness in his bilateral lower extremities and gait disturbance characterized by classical features of peroneal muscular atrophy and inverted champagne bottle legs. Biopsy findings of the m. quadriceps femoris and the n. gastrocnemius revealed clustered atrophy of myofibrils and segmental demyelinization mingled with remyelinization. Because of his other problem of dilated cardiomyopathy, he had been treated with salt restriction, digitalis, diuretics and vasodilators, until his third hospitalization, when he developed terminal stage of severe congestive heart failure. Despite our intensive cardiac care, the patient died because of profound pump failure. Autopsy findings disclosed a remarkably dilated left ventricular chamber and an increased total heart weight of 600 grams. Grossly, the cross sectional view of the left ventricle revealed diffuse, but not homogenous fibrosis that was most prominent in the posterior wall. On light microscopic examination, the left ventricular myocardium revealed diffusely scattered muscular degeneration interlaced with fibrosis. Although large epicardial coronary arteries revealed only mild intimal atheromatous thickening, most of the small intramuscular coronary arteries were free from atherosclerosis. Neither diabetic nor amyloid lesions could be detected. It has been well known that cardiomyopathy is often associated with various forms of muscular dystrophy and Friedreich's ataxia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Atrophy↗
PubMed1990

[Serial changes of the myocardium in patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy followed by cardiac nuclear imaging. 5 years' observation].

In order to evaluate the natural course of Duchenne's cardiomyopathy (DMD), 201T1-SPECT and RI cardioangiography with 99mTc-albumin were performed in 14 patients. They were examined once a year for five years except for 6 patients. Hypo-perfusion were observed in both posterior-inferior and anterior wall at 12 years of age and extended to the lateral wall and septum with aging. The degree of cardiac involvement was different in each case. Systolic parameters (LVEF, 1/3 EF, 1/3 ER-mean) tended to decrease with aging from 15 years of age. Diastolic parameters (%EFV, 1/3 FF, 1/3 FR mean) decreased gradually after 16 years of age. Hypokinetic changes of regional wall motion were observed at 15 years of age and they became severely with aging. Although phase delay appeared visually at 16 years of age, standard deviation of phase angle increased from 15 years of age. Follow up studies by 201T1 myocardial SPECT and gated pool scintigraphy revealed well the progression of cardiac involvement in patients with DMD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Study on endoscopic features in responders to systemic chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer].

We studied the endoscopic features in 6 cases of advanced gastric cancer responded to chemotherapy. Patient characteristics were as follows. [table; see text] Age 43-77 (mean 63 years old) Endoscopic type Mean duration of PR was 26.6 weeks. The process of the improvement of primary lesion as judged by endoscopic findings were as follows. Firstly getting flat of wall, secondly reduction in size of ulcer, and lastly changing into scar. Number of reported cases including our case No. 6 which are diagnosed as scar endoscopically after chemotherapy and are operated successfully has been increasing. Most of them showed scar macroscopically with wide and irregular surface. Especially our case No. 6 showed keloidal scar. In these cases, the histological improvement into grade 2-3 was observed in scared tissue. Sooner or later, such a process of endoscopic improvement was observed 4-8 weeks after initiation of chemotherapy. Unless the endoscopic improvement was observed 8 weeks after initiation, regimen of chemotherapy should be changed into others.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of secundum-type atrial septal defect by transesophageal Doppler echocardiography.

Transesophageal echocardiography (horizontal sector scan) was performed in 11 patients with secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). In all 11 patients, transesophageal echocardiography presented the definite visualization of the defect and a clear laminar shunt flow that showed its 2 peaks in late systole and late diastole. We estimated the size of ASD and a shunt volume across the defect by using transesophageal echocardiography. The defect size determined by transesophageal echocardiography was correlated with the surgical measurement (horizontal width, r = 0.92, p less than 0.001; vertical length, r = 0.85, p less than 0.01). A significant high correlation was shown between the shunt volume measured by transesophageal echocardiography and that by Fick's method (r = 0.87, p less than 0.01). There was no significant correlation between the pulmonary to systemic flow volume (ratio) and the mean shunt flow velocity across ASD, although a high linear correlation was observed between the pulmonary to systemic flow ratio and the defect size in horizontal direction (r = 0.82, p less than 0.01). Transesophageal echocardiography used for diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of ASD could be performed easily and satisfactorily within 10 minutes. Thus, transesophageal echocardiography is a useful method in evaluation of the defect size and the shunt flow volume of ASD. The mean shunt flow velocity was not a reliable index for estimating the shunt flow volume. The defect size might be a valuable determinant of left-to-right shunt volume in ASD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of photodynamic therapy using pheophorbide-a as a photosensitizer].

Intra-tumoral concentrations of pheophorbide-a, a new photosensitizer, were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography after administration of pheophorbide-a to nude mice (BALB/c-nu) that had been implanted with human hepatocellular carcinoma. The results were as follows: 1) 0.009 +/- 0.007 microgram/g tissue in 1 mg/kg body p.o. administration group, 2) 0.22 +/- 0.06 microgram/g tissue in 250 mg/kg body p.o. administration group, 3) 0.85 +/- 0.14 microgram/g tissue in 5 mg/kg body intra-peritoneal administration group, 4) 3.42 +/- 2.84 microgram/g tissue in not-injected side, and 116 +/- 24 microgram/g tissue in injected side of 200 micrograms intra-tumoral administration group. Tumors in each group were irradiated using an Nd:YAG laser (Q-switch; mean power 0.5 W, duration 10 min.). Areas of tumor necrosis were larger than in the control group only in the intra-tumoral administration group. These results suggest that no photodynamic reaction occurs if the intra-tumoral pheophorbide-a concentration is less than 0.85 microgram/g tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

An extremely rare case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the thyroid in a 56-year-old woman is presented. The patient clinically having Hashimoto's thyroiditis was noted a nodule in her neck. The tumor was sited in the midportion of the left lobe of the thyroid, and histologically it showed both squamous features and mucin production. The squamous cells were arranged in solid sheets with horny pearls and the mucous cells tended to line dilated duct-like elements. Ultrastructurally, the epidermoid cells had aggregates of tonofilaments and well-developed desmosomal attachments, and the mucous cells contained numerous mucin granules in their cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that cytokeratin antibodies showed positivity for both the lining cells and squamous cells, whereas carcinoembryonic antigen positivity was found in the lining cells and intraluminal material. The tumor cells were negative for thyroglobulin, calcitonin, vimentin, chromogranin, and neuron-specific enolase. These unusual histologic and immunohistochemical features are suggestive of a tumor related to the so-called "solid cell nest" of the thyroid.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗