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Biomedical subjects

S Olsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Olsson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Detection of at least one high-molecular-mass, IgE-binding component of the dust mite Lepidoglyphus destructor.

We studied the allergen composition in an extract of the storage mite Lepidoglyphus destructor. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were raised against L. destructor by a standard hybridoma technique. In the subsequent screening, we concentrated on mAbs fulfilling three criteria. First, in ELISA, mAbs were assessed against a panel of various mite species, and only those reacting exclusively with L. destructor extract were selected for further analyses. Secondly, mAbs were selected in immunoblotting according to whether or not a novel pattern of reactivity emerged in comparison with earlier results. Thirdly, by radioimmunoassay (RIA), we selected mAbs that recognized components which were also recognized by human IgE from sera RAST positive to L. destructor. This yielded an L. destructor-specific mAb (117F9) reacting with two previously unknown components of approximately 79 and 93 kDa, respectively. We also analyzed 80 sera for the presence of IgE binding to these components. These sera were divided into three groups according to their RAST specificity. Eighteen of the 30 sera (60%) that were RAST positive to L. destructor were also positive in RIA. Correlation was moderate between kU/l for L. destructor and the counts per minute values for the two components in RIA. The group of control sera lacking IgE antibodies against L. destructor displayed no positive results in RIA. However, 4/20 sera RAST positive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus but negative to L. destructor were scored as positive in RIA. We conclude that at least one of the high-mol.-mass components of L. destructor causes IgE-mediated sensitization.

Allergens↗
PubMed1994

Release of elements due to electrochemical corrosion of dental amalgam.

The corrosion pattern of dental amalgam in aqueous media was interpreted theoretically by means of log(ai/a(ref))-pe diagrams. The definitions on which the diagrams were based were given, and their features were described. All sparingly soluble compounds which were expected to be formed in reactions with the solvents considered were listed. All the corrosion products reported in the current literature were found to be formed, and the conditions for their formation were established. It emerged that it was necessary to exclude other sparingly soluble compounds with theoretically might be formed. Two compounds, CuSCN and AgSCN, which have not been reported previously were found to be possible corrosion products. Corrosion products containing mercury compound cannot be formed on amalgam restorations with no metallic contact with other materials.

Copper↗
PubMed1993

The structure of dentin surfaces exposed for bond strength measurements.

The structure of dentin on three different levels, near enamel, central, and deep dentin, was examined. The solid area available for bonding was studied in a scanning electron microscope (JSM 840) connected to a computer-assisted image analysis instrument (IBAS 2). The number of tubule openings per unit area (frequency) and the area percentages of these tubule openings were recorded. Three dentin disks were obtained from both buccally and occlusally located dentin of a single tooth (third molars were used), and the two deeper levels were each 1.25 mm deeper than the level above. The disks showed an increasing number of tubules with an increasing diameter the deeper into the dentin they were cut. Disks from the occlusal part of the tooth showed, in general, a higher number and area percentage of tubule openings than the corresponding disks from the buccal part. The variation across each disk was also larger for disks from the occlusal part than from the buccal part of the tooth. This variation increased with increasing depth of dentin. The most solid dentin with the lowest variation was found in superficial disks of buccally located dentin.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed1992

[Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia].

Familial hypocalcuric hypercalcemia is a condition that is often incorrectly diagnosed and treated. We studied a family with seven members who had familial hypocalcuric hypercalcemia. In four of the family members it was difficult to make the diagnosis. A correct diagnosis was made in the other three on the basis of known family history. Subtotal parathyroidectomi was carried out on three of the family. After operation, two of these experienced a relapse, and one became permanently hypocalcemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

User requirements and standards for PACS. 2nd Japan-Nordic PACS Symposium.

PACS has been regarded as a system which will bring a new era to image handling, radiology departments and its services to other departments of the hospital. However, many recently held international conferences indicate that a worldwide consensus on 'what is PACS, why is PACS needed and who is PACS for' has not been established. Although the actual PACS implementation will vary among the countries and according to each situation, a worldwide consensus of PACS should be possible. This would help those involved to speed up the implementation of PACS. It is suggested that this consensus needs to be developed by convergence of three points of view; the availability, maturity and cost of the technologies on which PACS is built, the user requirements for PACS and standardization in PACS. These themes were the topics of the 2nd Japan-Nordic PACS Symposium which was arranged in Tampere, Finland, June 9-11th 1991. A summary of the papers and discussions of the symposium is produced in this paper.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1992

Primary hyperparathyroidism or hypercalcaemia of malignancy?

The introduction of two-site immunometric assays measuring intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) and radioimmunoassays measuring PTH-related peptide (PTH-RP) have simplified the evaluation of patients with hypercalcaemia. We present a 63-year-old man with recurrent hypercalcaemia after surgical treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism 3 years previously. PTH measured with a mid-region radioimmunoassay gave normal values, at the same level as during his primary hyperparathyroidism. Intact PTH was, however, clearly suppressed, and he had a highly elevated level of PTH-RP. This suggested that he had humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. The patient died after 2 months, and at autopsy an adenocarcinoma of the pancreas with no skeletal metastases was found.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Daily dose calculations from measurements of intra-oral mercury vapor.

Measurements of intra-oral mercury vapor from amalgam fillings are discussed. It was shown that the only quantity which it is possible to measure is the mercury release rate, and that the concentrations of mercury vapor in the oral cavity published in most earlier studies are the mercury concentrations in the measuring cell of the measuring apparatus and not the concentrations in the oral cavity. The consequences for the daily dose equations of the facts that the mercury source is present inside the oral cavity and that the amount of mercury released during a certain time is limited are discussed. It was found that most daily dose equations used have a questionable mercury distribution on inspiration, expiration, and swallowing. Re-calculations of almost all the available daily dose data showed a mean daily dose value of about 1.3 micrograms Hg/day (range, 0.3-2.2 micrograms Hg/day). The mean swallowed amount of mercury from intra-oral mercury vapor was calculated as being in the order of 10 micrograms Hg/day (range, 2.4-17 micrograms Hg/day), resulting in an estimated absorption of about 1 microgram Hg/day from the gastro-intestinal tract.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1992

Base plate wax, dimensional stability and sorption of active components following treatment with disinfectant solutions.

The influence of seven disinfectants on the dimensional stability of a base plate wax, Tenax, was studied. Two methods for treatment were tested - immersion for one hour and spraying respectively. After spraying no significant influence on the wax could be established and after immersion four of the seven disinfectants, including Cidex and K-644, likewise had no significant influence on the dimensional stability. The wax specimens did not show any significant weight increase (less than one per cent) after immersion for four days but in four disinfectant solutions the surface properties of the wax specimens had changed showing that active components of the disinfectants were absorbed into or adsorbed on the wax surface.

Absorption↗
PubMed1991

Picture archiving and communication systems and related developments in Sweden.

Large PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication Systems) installations do not yet exist in Sweden, but some hospitals have had experience with limited PACS activities. At present there are four mini PACS installations in radiology departments and about 12 teleradiology systems in use in Sweden. A couple of small Swedish enterprises work in the market segment of digital imaging including PACS and teleradiology, although the radiology market is dominated by the large international companies. Interest in PACS and teleradiology in Sweden has increased during the last few years, along with advancements in technology and international experience. However, radiology is organized very differently in the United States, Japan, Southern Europe, and Scandinavia. Because of this, PACS will be introduced in different ways, and experience with PACS gained in one health care system may differ from that gained from other health care systems. This article reviews the status of PACS and related developments in Sweden.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Radiology in Scandinavia].

In 1987 the Nordic Institutes of Hospital Research joint co-operation on medical technology assessment (NEMT) performed a study of the national differences in the utilization of diagnostic techniques in the radiological laboratories. Major differences between the countries were found in both total and specific examination rates. In total numbers of conventional investigations, Finland performed about 60 per cent more investigations than the average of Sweden, Denmark and Norway, which all were of the same level of approximately 470 examinations per 1,000 inhabitants. The difference was attributed mainly to X-ray investigations executed at the primary health care level in Finland. Other remarkable differences were in particular observed in techniques of increasing or decreasing importance.

Angiography↗
PubMed1990

Tensile bond strength of dentin adhesives: a comparison of materials and methods.

The influence of two different storage conditions on the bond strengths of four dentin adhesives [Gluma, Scotchbond (dual), Scotchbond 2, and Tenure] was studied. 5000 cycles from 7 degrees C to 60 degrees C reduced the bond strength significantly for all materials except Gluma, as compared with that found after 24 h of storage in water at 37 degrees C. The influence of two different tensile test methods and two different locations, i.e., occlusal and buccal, of the dentin substrate on the bond strength of Gluma and Scotchbond 2 was also studied. The type of dentin as well as the choice of tensile test method changed the bond strength values significantly. One method gave as much as 3x higher bond strength values for one material when used on the same type of dentin. Bond strength values obtained on the dentin from the buccal side of the tooth were from 20% to 50% higher than those obtained on occlusally located dentin with the same method.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1989

Drug-related headache.

A survey was made of 10,506 reports to the WHO Collaboration Centre for International Drug Monitoring from five countries concerning headache, migraine, aggravated migraine and intracranial hypertension associated with drugs. The ten drugs most frequently reported to be associated with headache were indomethacin, nifedipine, cimetidine, atenolol, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, zimeldine, glyceryl trinitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, zomepirac and ranitidine. Regarding migraine, oral contraceptives were also among the most implicated drugs. Most reports of intracranial hypertension concerned tetracyclines, isotretinoin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Vasodilatation and salt and water retention with subsequent redistribution of intracranial fluid seem to be common mechanisms underlying drug-related headache. For certain frequently reported drugs, however, the mechanisms of the headache are unknown.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions↗
PubMed1989

Model of mercury vapor transport from amalgam restorations in the oral cavity.

A model of the oral cavity was used as the basis for a discussion of the conditions prevalent during the transport of mercury vapor from amalgam restorations via the saliva to the gas phase of the oral cavity during respiration or during pumping of air through the mouth. It was found that the mercury diffusion rate through the saliva layer is independent of the air flow rate through the oral cavity. Mercury appears to be transported as atoms both in the aqueous phase of saliva and in the gas phase. The majority of the mercury atoms reaching the gas phase appears to originate directly from the surface of the amalgam restorations, passing through the saliva layer, while only a minority originates from mercury dissolved in the aqueous phase. The amount of mercury released per unit of time to the gas phase was shown to be independent of the air flow rate during respiration and pumping. Furthermore, the released mercury atoms are distributed partly to the gas phase, from which they are respired to the lungs and the environment, and partly to the saliva and the gastro-intestinal tract, by swallowing.

Dental Amalgam↗