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Biomedical subjects

S Oka

Publications and source records attributed to S Oka.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Fundamental and clinical studies of ceftizoxime rectal suppositories in the field of pediatrics].

This paper deals with fundamental and clinical results, in the field of pediatrics, of the newly developed rectal suppository (CZX-S) of a cephem antibiotic ceftizoxime (CZX). CZX-S was well absorbed in children. The mean peak serum concentrations of CZX in the 125 mg-administered group (average: 9.9 mg/kg) and the 250 mg-administered group (average: 13.4 mg/kg) were 5.10-7.71 micrograms/ml at 15-30 minutes after dosing. Serum concentrations of CZX were measurable level in almost all the children at 6 hours after administration with the half-lives were 1.34-1.55 hours. The 6-hour urinary excretion rate accounted for 16.5-22.0%. CZX-S was administered to 30 children with acute upper or lower respiratory tract infections about 20-60 mg/kg/day in 3-4 divided portions. CZX-S provided favorable therapeutic-effect in most of the children 3-5 days after administration. The effectiveness rate was 93%. The causative organisms of H. influenzae (3 cases) and S. aureus (4 cases) isolated clinically from pharyngeal mucous and sputum were eradicated after administration of CZX-S. Anal pain and diarrhea experienced in 5 of the 30 children and CZX-S was withdrawn in 4 (of the 5) children, but exhibited satisfactory therapeutic-effect in 2 of the 4 cases up to withdrawal of the drug. An increase in GOT and GPT was observed in 3 cases. The values returned to the normal range in 1 case after the treatment with CZX-S. The test was not reexamined in the other 2 cases. The present clinical result suggests the usefulness of CZX-S substituted for oral and injectable forms in the treatment of various pediatric infections caused by organisms sensitive to CZX.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1985

[The choice of antibiotics for prophylaxis of postoperative infections in the field of orthopaedics. Clinical experience with cefoxitin].

The clinical effects of cefoxitin (CFX) were evaluated in the prophylaxis of postoperative infections in the field of orthopaedics. The clinical response was good in 46 out of 50 patients; an efficacy rate of 92%. Four patients (8%) who did not respond to CFX were suffering from infections due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1), suspected Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), and infection of unknown organism (2). A review was also made of recent trends among clinically isolated bacterial strains and their susceptibility to antibiotics in the field of orthopaedics. CFX is recommended as an antibiotic of first choice for the prophylaxis of postoperative infections in the field of orthopaedics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Cerebral palsy--investigation of its causal factors and genetical background].

In the last 30 years the prevalence rate of cerebral palsy (CP) has remarkably decreased in Japan. The decrease is arbitrarily attributed to the reduced frequency of such risk factors for CP, as low birthweight, severe asphyxia, and kernicterus in the neonatal period. However, there is no statistical data providing the evidence that CP patients complicating these risk factors have actually decreased so far. In order to make clear the bases of the decrease in prevalence of CP, we examined the changing patterns in the suggested cause of CP, experienced in the last 30 years. The investigation included the maternal condition of pregnancy and delivery, in relation to the neonatal risk factors, and genetic background of the family. In CP, low birthweight babies of 2500 gm or less were common (36.9%) and the mean birthweight (2689 gm) was obviously smaller than that of general population. In spite of the constant decline of the incidence of low birthweight babies in the general population in the last 30 years, the ratio of low birthweight to total births in CP group had not changed in this study period. It was concluded that the low birthweight following premature birth is still an important predisposing factor of CP. Asphyxia was frequently seen in the CP population. The rate of asphyxia was significantly higher in the group with a normal birthweight more than 2501 gm (58.4%), or gestational weeks longer than 36 weeks (57.7%), comparing with that of low birthweight (41.1%), or premature (40.7%) group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1984

Aclacinomycin A.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1984

Isolation and characterization of an asthma-inducing sea-squirt antigen.

An antigen capable of inducing asthmatic attack in patients with sea-squirt allergy has been isolated from body fluid of sea-squirt, Styela plicata, and designated as DIIIa. The chemical composition and the behavior in anion-exchange chromatography showed that the antigen was a weakly acidic glycoprotein. The weight-average molecular weight of DIIIa was estimated to be 9,880 by the sedimentation equilibrium method. This antigen was apparently discriminated from the previously isolated sea-squirt antigens, Gi-rep and Ei-M, by its activity to induce asthmatic attack and conjunctival congestion, though it gave a strongly positive reaction in skin tests against allergic patients, similarly to the previous antigens. From the cross-reaction of DIIIa to rabbit anti-Gi-rep and anti-Ei-M sera in vitro, it was confirmed that the antigen carried essentially the same antigenic determinant as Gi-rep and Ei-M, and this was termed type alpha determinant. Furthermore, the allergenic activities detectable in vivo and the reactivity to the rabbit antisera in vitro were simultaneously absorbed by immobilized immunoglobulin from anti-Gi-rep serum. Thus, it was suggested that the antigenic determinant responsible for the allergic reactions in vivo corresponded to that specified as type alpha in vitro on the basis of the reactivity against the rabbit anti-Gi-rep serum.

Amino Acids↗