Biomedical subjects

S Ohshima

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohshima.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Measurement of the force required to extract the mandibular first molar from its socket in the dissected jaw of growing young rats.

Age-related changes in the mechanical strength of the periodontal ligament have been examined by measuring the force required to extract the mandibular first molar from its socket at an extension rate of 5 mm/min in the dissected jaws of growing young rats from 3 to 32 weeks of age. Almost linear increase in the ultimate loads was found from 3 to 8 weeks of age. However the values from 8 to 32 weeks of age did not show any significant differences. Close correlations were found between the ultimate loads and the weights of animals, mandibles and extracted teeth and between the load and length of the tooth from 3 to 8 weeks of age. It is supposed that a mechanical equilibrium has been established within the periodontal ligament in association with various external and internal factors such as root elongation, alveolar bone growth, turnover and maturation of periodontal ligament and occlusal activity, at about 8 weeks of age in the rat mandibular first molar.

Aging↗

PubMed1990

Mechanical properties of the periodontal ligament in the incisor teeth of rats from 6 to 24 months of age.

Mechanical properties of the periodontal ligament of the incisor have been examined in sections of the mandibles of rats from 6 to 24 months of age. Mechanical measures estimated from the load-deformation and stress-strain curves did not show age-related changes, although the body and mandible weights increased gradually during the experimental period. It is suggested that qualitative and quantitative changes in the supporting tissues/unit area of the ligament are minor at a restricted region examined.

Aging↗

PubMed1990

Native valve endocarditis caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus subspecies lwoffi.

A case of native valve endocarditis due to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus in a patient with dental caries is presented. The aortic, mitral and tricuspid valves were affected and showed vegetation by echocardiography in the affected valves. In spite of a good response to antibiotic therapy, multiple embolisms resulted in the patient's death. An autopsy confirmed the vegetation, which was calcified and contained no bacteria.

Acinetobacter Infections↗

PubMed1990

The risk factors for ischemic heart disease in young adults.

We reviewed the histories and laboratory data of 67 young patients with ischemic heart disease under the age of 40 years. Twenty-three cases were associated with hypercholesterolemia. Of these, 10 were of the familial type. Twenty patients had hypertension, while 14 were diabetics and 13 were heavy smokers. It is noteworthy that 13 of 17 patients with multi-vessel disease and hypercholesterolemia. Significant atherosclerotic coronary stenosis was demonstrated in 51 cases. The incidences of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in these 51 patients were not only significantly higher than those in age-matched normal health subjects and young patients with non-ischemic heart disease, but also higher than those in patients with ischemic heart disease over the age of 40 years. The results indicated that hypercholesterolemia is the most important risk factor for ischemic heart disease in young patients, although the three previously accepted risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cigarette smoking) were all associated with the development of the disease. We could not find any obvious risk factor in 18 young patients with ischemic heart disease, including 12 cases of myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction in the absence of any obvious risk factor occurred during strenuous physical exercise in 5 patients and following excessive alcohol consumption in 4.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Idiopathic myocarditis associated with T-cell subset changes and depressed natural killer activity.

A 65-year-old man with idiopathic myocarditis is described. He was admitted with symptoms of acute heart failure. Examination revealed left ventricular hypokinesis. Results of an endomyocardial biopsy showed "resolving myocarditis". Immunological studies of the peripheral blood showed a low helper-suppressor (CD4/CD8) ratio on admission and depressed natural killer (NK) cell activity coincident with the onset of myocarditis. We considered that this immunological imbalance may have occurred during the progression of myocarditis to dilated cardiomyopathy.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[Profile of hematological values in hybrid hairless dogs].

The purpose of this paper is to describe some fundamental physiological data in F 1 hybrids bred from a Mexican hairless dog and beagle cross. These F 1 hybrids numbered 5 hairless dogs and 12 haired dogs. The hematological profile of these offspring was assessed via an automated cell counter and compared with those of healthy beagles. In hairless dogs, red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume tended to be higher than in beagles. White cell distribution curves in hairless dogs and beagles yielded a single peak, while in haired dogs one or two peaks were present. Red blood cell and platelet distribution curves revealed few differences among the 3 kinds of dogs.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Bestatin in resected lung cancer. A randomized clinical trial.

A randomized study with and without bestatin, a new biological response modifier, was conducted in order to evaluate its survival effect on resected lung cancer. A total of 153 patients (72 with squamous cell carcinoma, 66 with adenocarcinoma, and 15 with other types of cancer) were evaluated. Among the patients with squamous cell carcinoma, the bestatin-treated group had significantly prolonged survival compared to the control group. No significant difference between the two groups was seen in adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. An investigation of 384 registered cases in the Tokai Urological Cancer Registry].

Registration of renal pelvic and ureteral tumor was done from 1980 through 1986, in the Tokai Urological Tumor Registry. Among the 404 cases of the carcinoma, 384 cases (210 renal pelvis, 174 ureter) were subjected to the present study. A total of 319 cases (83.1%) showed a complete cure, while 20 cases (5.2%) were considered as partial cure, and 45 cases (11.7%) were classified to progressive disease group. Chemotherapy was performed on 151 patients including systemic administration to 141 patients (33.9%) and 11 patients received combined intravesical instillation therapy. Irradiation was performed on 49 patients (12.8%). Degree of histological and morphological differentiation of renal pelvis and ureter tumor were studied in 341 cases of transitional cell carcinoma (88.8%); G0, 0.3%, G1, 12.9%, G2, 49.3%, Gx, 5.2%. Stage of the tumor were T1, 33.6%; T2, 12.5%; T3, 14.6%; T4, 13.3%; Tis, 0.3%; Tx, 24.7%. Five-year relative survival for carcinoma of the renal pelvis was 46.6%, and for the ureter it was 53.1%. Five-year survival according to histological differentiation of transitional cell carcinoma and according to the stage of the tumor were as follows; G1, 91.6%; G2, 58.5%; G3, 27.2%; Ta, 84.6%; T1. 74.2%; T2, 48.5%; T3, 24.1%, T4, 7.3%. The rate of survival was correlated with histological differentiation of the tumor cells. The survival was poor in cases who had the components of squamous cell carcinoma and/or adenocarcinoma. Overall survived case were 177, 122 patients died of cancer, 20 patients died of other causes than cancer, and 1 patient died from immediate surgical effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[A trial of combination chemotherapy. Cis-platinum, peplomycin and adriamycin for advanced prostatic cancer].

Between September 1982 and May 1984, combination chemotherapy with cis-platinum, peplomycin and adriamycin was administered to 12 patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate and progressive disease with evaluable parameters. Cis-platinum (CDDP) 20 mg/sqm was administered intravenously on Days 1-5, peplomycin 5 mg/sqm by 24-hour continuous drip infusion on day 1-5 and adriamycin 25 mg/sqm on Day 1. This course was repeated every 28 days. The dose and schedule were modified by hematologic toxicity or other side effects. One patient refused therapy because of severe nausea and vomiting; therefore 11 patients were eligible for response evaluation. Of the 11 patients, two had a documented PR, five had SD and four had PD. Ten patients whose disease eventually progressed received a second line of therapy consisting either of estramustine or estrogen. Of these ten patients, 6 had a documented PR, one had SD and three had PD. It is concluded that this combination chemotherapy regimen may prime advanced prostatic cancer to respond to hormonal therapy, even though it has only a limited effect on advanced prostatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1990

[Percutaneous endoscopic surgery for obstructive diseases in the upper urinary tract--preliminary report].

Fifty-two patients with obstructive diseases of the upper urinary tract were treated by percutaneous endoscopic surgery between May, 1986 and July, 1989. Fifty-nine procedures consisting of endopyelotomy (24 procedures), endopyeloureterotomy (29) and balloon dilation under direct vision (6) were performed in 54 units of the urinary drainage system. Causative diseases were congenital in 24 units, scar due to calculi in 17, scar due to previous surgery in 11 and tuberculous ureteritis in 2. The postoperative follow-up periods ranged from 3-41 months, mean +/- S.D.; 12.2 +/- 7.3 months. Of the 59 procedures, 49 (83.1%) achieved improvement but 10 could not on the postoperative excretory pyelogram and/or TcDTPA renogram. Three procedures (5.5%) required blood transfusion. Retroperitoneal leakage of the perfusate was observed in 3 procedures (5.0%). No other severe complications were observed. These results indicate that this procedure may be used for the reconstructive surgery in obstructive diseases of the upper urinary tract such as the ureteropelvic junction and the proximal 1/3 ureter.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Results of 144 cadaveric kidney transplants].

One hundred and forty-four patients primarily receiving kidneys from cadaver donors between Jan., 1978 and Oct., 1989, were reviewed. The patients' ages ranged 14-53 with a mean +/- S.D. of 34.7 +/- 8.0 years old. There were 100 males and 44 females. Twenty kidneys were harvested from heart-beating donors and 124 from non-heart-beating donors. In harvest from non-heart-beating donors, we performed in situ cooling through a double balloon catheter placed in the aorta to minimize prolonged warm ischemia. The number of matched HLA A, B antigens was (mean +/- S.D.) 1.7 +/- 0.8 antigens and for HLA DR antigens, it was 1.2 +/- 0.5. One hundred and nineteen of the 144 recipients have had a history of blood transfusion preoperatively. The patients were treated with four different immunosuppressive protocols; regimen I consisting of horse antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), regimen II of large-dose (14 mg/kg/day) of cyclosporin (CsA) and steroid, regimen IIIa of low-dose (4 mg/kg/day) of CsA, steroid and a short course of ALG (500 mg/day) and regimen IIIb of low-dose (6 mg/kg/day) of CsA, steroid and a short course of ALG (1000 mg/day). Fifteen patients received regimen I therapy from Jan., 1978 to Nov., 1982, 49 received regimen II from Nov., 1982 to Dec., 1986, 23 received regimen IIIa from Jan., 1987 to Dec., 1987 and 57 received regimen IIIb from Jan., 1988 to Oct., 1989.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Thoracic duct drainage pretreatment in living related kidney transplantation--long-term results of low dose steroid and azathioprine immunosuppression].

The long term results of 28 HLA 1-haploidentical donor kidney transplant recipients receiving preoperative lymphocyte deletion through thoracic duct drainage and low dose of steroid and azathioprine immunosuppressive treatment were presented. The number of removed lymphocytes was 129.9 +/- 38.1 x 10(9) (mean +/- SD) and the duration of thoracic duct drainage pretreatment was 35 +/- 4 days. Graft survival was 96% at 3 months through 2 years, 89% at 3 years and 84% at 5 years. Patient survival was 100% at 3 months through 2 years and 96% at 3 years through 5 years. Fifteen acute rejection crises were observed in 13 patients within the first 3 months postoperatively. There was no irreversible rejection in the first 3 months. Four chronic rejections were observed in 4 patients. Life-threatening infectious disease was observed in 5 patients, diabetes mellitus in 2 and cataract in 4. These results indicated that the reduction of the dose of steroid in post transplant period might have beneficial effects on the long term graft survival of HLA 1-haploidentical kidney transplant patients receiving TDD pretreatment and the conventional immunosuppressive treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Thoracic duct drainage pretreatment and low dose cyclosporine and low dose steroid immunosuppressive treatment in living related kidney transplantation].

The results of 20 HLA 1-haploidentical donor kidney transplant patients treated with preoperative lymphocyte deletion through thoracic duct drainage and low dose of cyclosporine and steroid immunosuppressive therapy, were presented. The number of removed lymphocytes was 114 +/- 36 X 10(9) (mean +/- SD) and the duration of thoracic duct drainage was 35 +/- 7 days. Graft survival was 100% at 3-9 months and 89% at 1-2 years after transplantation. Patient survival was 100% at 3-9 months and 89% at 1-2 years. A patient died from lung cancer (adenocarcinoma) in the 9th posttransplant month. Acute rejection was not seen in 20 patients during the first 3 months. Life-threatening infectious disease was never seen either. Diabetes mellitus was observed in 1 patient. No other complications were observed. These results indicated that thoracic duct drainage and low dose cyclosporine and steroid postoperative immunosuppressive treatment might yield complete success in HLA 1-haploidentical kidney transplant patients.

Cyclosporins↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical experience with ESWL with new Dornier lithotripter MPL 9000].

In June 1988, the new type of the lithotripter MPL 9000 (Dornier), which was the first interdisciplinary lithotripter for treatment of urinary and biliary calculi, was installed at the Shakai Hoken Chukyo Hospital. MPL 9000 has some features which enable one to treat with low range of shock wave energy and without anesthesia due to the enlarged aperture of the ellipsoid (210 mm), and locate the stone by computerized two ultrasound probes (coaxial, lateral). Unlike HM-3, the water bath is not used: shock wave is shot through the water cushion. From June to November 1988, 35 patients suffering from 64 urinary calculi were treated. The majority represented caliceal (75%) and pelvic (17%) stones, whereas 5 calculi were treated in the upper and lower ureter. Twenty-four patients were treated in one session and 11 patients needed additional sessions. The given number of shock waves was between 1337 and 3050 per one session and averaged 2403 with low generator voltage (15-18 kv). Twenty sessions (42%) were given without any medication and other 28 sessions (58%) were under analgesia (Pentazocine, i.v.) for the pain complained during the treatment. The rate of successful disintegration (less than 5 mm) was 88%. After the 1-month followup, 47.1% were free of stone, and 62.1% were free after the 3-month. Four patients had arrhythmia and one patient was with a subcapsular renal hematoma. We have concluded that this lithotripter is useful to treat upper and lower urinary tract calculi, in particular radiolucent ones in high risk patients because it is applicable without anesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical importance of microhematuria as an initial sign of bladder tumor].

To investigate the role of microhematuria for the diagnosis of bladder tumor, the retrospective study of 156 patients with bladder tumor was done. Among the 156 cases, asymptomatic microhematuria was observed in 15 cases (9.6%) as an initial sign of the disease. According to the process to the final diagnosis, these 15 cases were classified into 4 groups; the Group 1 comprised 4 patients who consulted the urologist just after health examination; the Group 2 comprised 6 patients who consulted the urologist by the introduction of the general practitioner; the Group 3 comprised 2 patients who disregarded the sign and consulted the urologist after the appearance of symptoms; the Group 4 comprised 3 patients whose general practitioner overlooked the sign and who consulted the urologist after the appearance of the symptoms. The mean duration between the initial sign and the final diagnosis of each group was 2, 2, 8 and 62 months, respectively. Three of the 5 patients (60%) in groups 3 and 4 were treated by total cystectomy, while only 2 of the 10 patients (20%) in groups 1 and 2 totally cystectomized. High grade tumor was observed more frequently in groups 3 and 4 than in groups 1 and 2. Since the negative rate of urinary cytologic examinations of these 15 cases was 33.3%, cystoscopic examination was necessary for screening of bladder tumor.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[An autopsy case of cyclophophamide-induced interstitial pneumonia].

A 72-year-old female with malignant lymphoma, receiving oral cyclophosphamide (CPA) and prednisone, developed severe pulmonary insufficiency 56 days after the start of CPA (total dosages 8.5 g). A chest roentgenogram showed a diffuse interstitial shadow throughout both lungs, and CT scan revealed increased density, most prominent in the central zones, and a thickening of bronchovascular bundles. She was diagnosed from the clinical course and the postmortem examination as having cyclophosphamide-induced interstitial pneumonia. Interstitial pneumonia as a side-effect of cyclophosphamide is very rare in Japan. The clinical and pathological findings in this case and a review of the literature on 38 other cases world-wide are reported.

Aged↗

PubMed1990

[A combination phase II study of adriamycin, CDDP and etoposide in small cell lung cancer].

A combination phase II study was performed on 31 patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (19 LD & 12 ED). Patients were treated intravenously with Adriamycin (30 mg/m2 day 1), CDDP (80 mg/m2 day 1) and Etoposide (70 mg/m2 x 3 day 1, 3, 5). This combination chemotherapy was administered over a four- or five-week period. Among 26 evaluable patients there were 4 CR and 17 PR, giving a response rate of 80.8% (68.4% in LD). The median duration of response was 19 (3-123) weeks. Despite the relatively low response rate and CR rate, the median survival times of LD and ED patients were 17.0 (3.1-43.1) and 9.4 (4.4-17.7) months, respectively. The major toxic effect of this regimen was bone marrow suppression. Two patients were excluded from this study in the first course because of severe hematologic toxicity. The renal toxicity of this regimen was minimal and no patients developed any clinical problem. Nausea and vomiting during the treatment were well controlled by high-dose metoclopramide and methylprednisolone. In conclusion, this combination of chemotherapy is effective for patients with small cell lung cancer. However, the advantage of adding Adriamycin to CDDP and Etoposide is still controversial.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[An autopsy case of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism associated with congenital portal hypoplasty and pulmonary artery aneurysm].

A 44 year-old woman died after a history of chronic right heart failure for 25 years. Roentgenological studies showed marked pulmonary aneurysm, and hemodynamics at rest revealed severe pulmonary hypertension. The diagnosis of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism was made by MRI which identified a high intensity mass in the dilated right pulmonary artery. At autopsy, a large organized thrombus adhered to the atherosclerotic pulmonary artery, and pulmonary thromboembolism or hemorrhagic infarction were identified. Microscopic examination revealed intimal and medial proliferation in small arteries and plexiform lesions. In addition, hypoplasty of the portal vein and portacaval shunt, which were thought to be congenital, were present. It has been recognized that the portacaval shunt can be attributed to pulmonary hypertension. In this case it was considered that the main cause of pulmonary thrombus formation was both pulmonary atherosclerosis and pulmonary artery aneurysm caused by prolonged pulmonary hypertension. This is the first case of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism associated with congenital hypoplasty of portal vein.

Adult↗