Outcome of kidney transplantation from non-heart-beating donors: comparison with heart-beating donors.
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Cadaver↗
Biomedical subjects
S Ohshima
Publications and source records attributed to S Ohshima.
[A case of gastric syphilis confirmed by gastric biopsy].
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Adult↗
[Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm--a case of lung herniation into the abdominal cavity].
A first case of lung herniation into abdominal cavity with traumatic diaphragmatic rupture is described. A 41-year-old Japanese man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suffered traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. He needed to get continuous mandatory ventilation for a long time. At the time of operation, left lung herniation into the abdominal cavity was observed. When those who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suffered thoraco-abdominal injury, we should take care that pulmonary herniation might exist.
Abdomen↗
Metal concentrations in lung tissue of subjects suffering from lung cancer.
Concentrations of nine metals (Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Co, Ni, Pb and Cr) concentrations in lung tissues from 224 lung cancer cases were compared with those in other cases to achieve an understanding of their contribution to the development of lung cancer and the varieties after the development of cancer. Comparisons of metal concentrations in each cell type of lung cancer were also performed. All cases were collected from routine autopsies in Tokyo and Saitama, Japan. The copper concentration in tissue from lung cancers was significantly higher than that in other specimens, although calcium, magnesium, zinc and cobalt concentrations in lung cancers were significantly lower than those in other cases. There were no significant differences in the 99% intervals (excluding extremely high values for occupationally exposed cases) for chromium, nickel and lead concentrations between lung cancers and other cases, although these values were lower in lung cancers. However, in comparisons of men only, the chromium concentration, the degree of lung contamination and the severity of pulmonary emphysema in lung cancer cases were significantly higher than those in other specimens. Moreover, percentages of lung cancer in men at each degree of contamination and each severity of emphysema increased with increasing grades. Thus, this finding could be evidence that the exposure to contaminants other than chromium and nickel in the air had affected the development of lung cancer, except for occupationally exposed individuals. Therefore, almost all chromium and nickel in lung tissue might not deposit in carcinogenic forms such as hexavalent chromium or nickel subsulfide.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Intraoperative pleural lavage cytology in lung cancer patients.
Cytology of intraoperative pleural lavage was examined in 164 lung cancer patients who underwent pulmonary resections. None of the patients had any pleural effusion or dissemination. Cytology was performed three times: (1) at thoracotomy, (2) immediately after resection, and (3) after washing the pleural cavity with 5,000 mL of physiological saline solution just before closure of the chest wall. Twenty-three patients (14%) had more than one positive cytological finding. The frequency of positive cytological findings was significantly correlated with pathological T classification, pleural status, and pathological stage. The positive lavage group had a significantly higher recurrence rate than the negative lavage group in patients with stage I or stage II cancer. Four patients in the positive lavage group (17.4%) had recurrence in pleura or pericardium whereas only 1 patient in the negative lavage group (0.7%) had a recurrence in pericardium. The positive cytological finding of pleural lavage has more important meaning as a prognostic factor in stage I and stage II and indicates a greater possibility of recurrence in pleura or pericardium, but further examinations to evaluate the viability of detected malignant cells are required so that the positive cytological findings of pleural lavage can be regarded as subclinical pleural dissemination.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Prolonged effects of hypofunction on the mechanical strength of the periodontal ligament in rat mandibular molars.
The ultimate loads required to extract three mandibular molars in the dissected jaw were examined after elimination of the antagonistic teeth for up to 64 days. The ultimate loads in the experimental first and second molars decreased rapidly in the first few days, while those in the third molar remained low during the same period in both experimental and control groups. The ultimate loads in all three molars of the experimental animals then increased gradually towards the end of the experiment at rates similar to those in controls. Maximum relative reductions of the ultimate load were observed within the first 8 days in all three molars. An increase in the length of roots was also found in all hypofunctional molars. Daily rates of root elongation ranged from 13 to 19 microns/day in the control and from 18 to 26 microns/day in the experimental molars during the whole experiment. The greatest value (80 microns/day) was obtained during the first 8 days in the third molars of both control and experimental animals. Thus the mechanical strength of the periodontal ligament estimated in vitro may be increased by the development of teeth and by non-functional occlusal contacts with the opposing gingiva-covered alveolar ridge deprived of its tooth crowns. The ligament of the third molar was apparently immature at the beginning of the experiment.
Animals↗
[Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy in the treatment of staghorn calculi].
From October, 1987 to September, 1989, 53 staghorn calculi of 51 patients underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy by using Dornier HM3 lithotriptor. All patients were treated with double J stenting preoperatively. Mean number of shock waves was 6092 and mean number of sessions was 2.1. In 52 out of 53 kidneys (98%), the stones were disintegrated completely. Complete removal of the stone were observed in 29 kidneys (55%) 3 months after the last ESWL treatment. Complications consisted of fever attack (more than 38 degrees C) (26 patients), ileus (2), subcapsular hematoma (2) and gastrointestinal hemorrhage (1). They could be conservatively treated except one case with percutaneous nephrostomy. Supplementary procedures for the stone street were necessary in 23 patients. They consisted of ESWL (16 patients) and transuretheral lithotripsy (7). The indication of this procedure for the treatment of staghorn calculi was also discussed.
Adult↗
[The evaluation of cystoscopy in the screening of asymptomatic microhematuria].
As a prospective study on asymptomatic microhematuria, complete urological examinations including cystoscopy, IVP, ultrasound and urinary cytology were performed on 422 patients over 40 years old between January 1987 and December 1988 (group A). The results of group A was compared with that of retrospective study on 266 patients, who had incomplete urological examination between January 1984 and December 1985 (group B). Cystoscopy was performed on 321 patients (87.2%) in group A and on 108 patients (40.6%) in group B. Bladder tumor was found in 10 cases (2.4%) in group A, including 7 cases of male patients (5.7%), but in only 1 case (0.4%) in group B. Since the negative rate of abnormal urinary cytology was 50% and that of abnormal IVP was 90% in 10 cases of bladder tumor in group A, cystoscopy was considered to be an essential examination for the screening of patients with asymptomatic microhematuria over 40 years old patients.
Adult↗
Structural studies on avidinorubicin, a novel anthracycline with platelet aggregation inhibitory activity.
Avidinorubicin (MW 1,214, C60H86N4O22) was isolated from the cultured broth of strain NR0576 (which was identified as Streptomyces avidinii Stapley et al.) by butyl alcohol extraction, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Avidinorubicin inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation with an IC50 being 7.9 microM and was determined to be a novel anthracycline possessing two units of a new aminosugar, avidinosamine, in place of two decilonitrose groups in decilorubicin.
Anthracyclines↗
[A pilot study of etoposide, split-dose cisplatin and THP in small cell lung cancer].
Sixteen untreated patients with small cell lung cancer were treated with a combination of Etoposide (70 mg/m2 i.v., day 3-5), Cisplatin (40 mg/m2 i.v., days 1 and 8) and THP (20 mg/m2 i.v., days 1 and 8). Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks and 15 patients received more than two cycles. The objective response rate was 80% (12 of 15) in complete cases, 91% (10 of 11) in limited disease and 50% (2 of 4) in extensive disease. CR rate was 33% in complete cases, 46% in limited disease. The median duration of response was 22.6 weeks. The median survival was more than 12 months in complete cases. Toxicity was primarily myelosuppression. Three of 15 patients had leukopenia of grade 4, 3 of 15 of grade 3, and 7 of 15 of grade 2. Nausea and vomiting were well tolerated by metoclopromide and methylprednisolone. The renal toxicity was minimal. There were no chemotherapy-related lethal complications. This schedule of Etoposide, split-dose Cisplatin and THP is effective and safe for patients with small cell lung cancer. However, the advantage of THP is still controversial.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
[Distribution of ciclosporin in the lymphoid tissue].
To clarify the distribution and the kinetics of ciclosporin (CSA) in the lymphatic system, we measured the CSA level of the lymph from the thoracic duct drainage (TDD) and that of the peripheral blood after oral or intravenous administration of CSA in 13 TDD pretreated patients. We also measured the CSA level of the iliac lymph nodes in 20 patients undergoing transplant surgery. The mean CSA level of the lymph was 1,647 ng/ml in the first 2 hours, 1,551 mg/dl in the next 10 hours and 254 ng/dl in the last 12 hours in orally administered patients and the mean CSA level of the peripheral blood was 746 ng/ml at 2 hours, 263 ng/ml at 12 hours and 119 ng/ml at 24 hours later. In intravenous administration, the mean CSA level of the lymph was 68 ng/ml, 58 ng/ml and 33 ng/ml and the mean CSA level of the peripheral blood was 452 ng/ml, 105 ng/ml and 88 ng/ml respectively. The mean CSA level of the lymph node was 3,222 ng/g and the mean diffusion rate from the peripheral blood to the lymph node was 17.1. There was no difference between oral and intravenous administration. These results indicated that (1) there is a second pathway in which orally administered CSA is transported from small bowel to general circulation; via mesenteric lymph duct, thoracic duct and subclavic vein and (2) CSA is selectively uptaken by lymph node. CSA might suppress the activation of T cells in the lymph node and the lymph more effectively than in the peripheral blood.
Administration, Oral↗
[An autopsy case of allergic granulomatous angiitis--serial angiographical study and severe rheumatoid factor (RF) production in his clinical course].
We here present a case of allergic granulomatous angiitis (AGA) in a patient who died of perforation in the gallbladder and small intestine in spite of vigorous corticosteroid therapy. During his clinical course, we made close observations of the progress of this disease using visceral angiography; at first, multiple small aneurysms were detected in the proper hepatic and cystic arteries. Additionally, marginal irregularity was detected in a superior mesenteric arteriography. Secondly, after corticosteroid therapy these multiple small aneurysms were decreased remarkably in number but severe narrowing and marginal irregularity worsened. Furthermore, incessant production of rheumatoid factor (RF) was demonstrated; the serum level of RF was only slightly elevated upon admission, but gradually increased thereafter. It attained its maximal level at the time of death. Postmortem examination revealed healed necrotizing vasculitides with marked narrowing of the arterial lumina. It is speculated that a severe RF production might have been relevant to the progress of AGA in this case.
Adolescent↗
Congenital astrocytoma in the cervical spinal cord.
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Astrocytoma↗
T-lymphocyte subsets as noninvasive markers of cardiomyopathy.
Fifty-eight patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure were examined for T-lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood using two-color laser flow cytometry as a noninvasive diagnostic procedure. The final diagnosis established by catheterization and endomyocardial biopsy were dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 24), myocarditis (MC) by the Dallas criteria (n = 12), and coronary heart disease (CHD, n = 16). The CD8+CD11- (cytotoxic T) subset was significantly low in patients with DCM (13.9 +/- 4.4 vs. controls, p less than 0.05) in comparison with MC (20.7 +/- 10.9) and CHD (22.3 +/- 5.9). Moreover, the CD4+2H4+ (suppressor/inducer T) subsets were higher in patients with DCM (27.3 +/- 6.9 vs. controls, p less than 0.01) than in those with MC (17.3 +/- 7.8) and CHD (15.6 +/- 7.9). The CD4/CD8 and CD4+2H4+/CD8+CD11- ratio were examined and compared with those of normal controls (NC n = 16). The CD4+2H4+/CD8+CD11- ratio was clearly higher in patients with DCM (2.2 +/- 0.9 vs. controls, p less than 0001) than in those with MC (1.1 +/- 0.6) CHD (0.9 +/- 0.7). A CD4+2H4+/CD8+CD11- ratio of greater than 1.6 was considered to facilitate diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy with 79% sensitivity and 70% specificity. There was no significant increase in the ratios between MC and CHD. However, the proportion of the CD8+Leu7+ (natural suppressor) subset of circulating T lymphocytes in patients with MC was statistically higher (19.1 +/- 6.3% vs. controls, p less than 0.05) than in DCM or CHD. An elevated ratio of CD4+2H4+/CD8+CD11- among peripheral blood lymphocytes may thus be a useful marker for differential diagnosis of dilated chronic cardiomyopathy from myocarditis and coronary heart disease.
Adult↗
Pathomorphological changes in rat brain choroid plexus due to administration of the amine-curing agent, bis(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methane.
Repeated oral administration of an amine-curing agent for epoxy resin, bis(4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl)methane, gave rise to severe damage in the choroid plexus of rat brain. The damaged epithelium presented varying degrees of swelling and hydropic vacuolation on light microscopy, and varying numbers of vacuoles and inclusion bodies, frequently with lamellar structure, on transmission electron microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy of the choroid plexus disclosed some irregularity in the size of epithelial cells and occasional loss of microvilli. These changes in the choroid plexus were closely correlated with the dosage of the agent administered and the period of administration. In spite of the severe changes in the choroid plexus, no neurological abnormalities were observed in the animals during the experimental period.
Animals↗
In vitro measurement of regional differences in the mechanical properties of the periodontal ligament in the rat mandibular incisor.
Mechanical testing was performed in various regions of the ligament at a velocity of intrusive loading of 5 mm/min. The perimeters of the lingual cementum and socket wall and the sectional area of the ligament were measured radiographically. Load-deformation curves were transformed into stress-strain curves using the area and width of the lingual part of the ligament. The mechanical properties of the ligament differed markedly along the long axis of the incisor; mechanical measures from the load-deformation and stress-strain curves decreased gradually from the incisal towards the basal regions. It is suggested that these regional differences in mechanical properties were much more marked than those in teeth of limited growth or in other connective tissues, and that the nature of the collagen fibres, together with surrounding cells, ground substance and blood vessels, may be important in determining such differences.
Animals↗
An outlet obstruction caused by V-shaped bar at the bladder neck in a woman.
A case of outlet obstruction caused by a V-shaped bar at the bladder neck in a woman was treated successfully by transurethral resection of the bar. The poor urinary flow in our patient was believed to be due to impedance during voiding caused by retraction of the bladder neck in the anteroposterior direction by the bar. Our case is different from previously reported cases.
Cystoscopy↗
Studies on pulmonary anthracosis. With special reference to the mineral constitution of intrapulmonary particulate pollutants in the human lung.
In order to investigate anthracosis of the human lung, especially its causal relationship with atmospheric pollution and the occurrence of lung cancer, intrapulmonary particulate pollutants (IPP) from autopsy cases and patients lobectomized because of lung cancer were separated by alkali digestion of the lung tissue, and their elemental constitution was analyzed by a wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Silicon was the most abundant mineral constituent of non-carbonaceous fraction of IPP, followed by calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum and other trace elements. The levels of silicon and aluminum in IPP were significantly higher in individuals treated at Saitama Medical School Hospital than in those from Tokyo. Farmers showed higher levels of silicon and aluminum than other occupational categories, whereas male blue-collar workers showed higher levels of calcium and lead than farmers. The level of iron in IPP of male smokers tended to be higher than in non-smokers. In cases of lung cancer, especially of the hilar type, the levels of iron, calcium, copper, lead, chromium and nickel in IPP tended to be higher than in non-lung cancer cases, whereas the levels of silicon and aluminum were lower than in non-lung cancer cases. On the basis of these results, pulmonary anthracosis was considered to be etiologically related to the occurrence of lung cancer.
Adolescent↗