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Biomedical subjects

S Ohno

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohno.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Studies on corticosteroid therapy in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

We evaluated the significance of corticosteroid therapy on 47 new patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease examined in the Uveitis Survey Clinic of the Hokkaido University Hospital. All patients were treated with topical corticosteroids, with or without systemic corticosteroids. 18 patients received systemic corticosteroid as pulse therapy, 20 patients received high-dose corticosteroid starting with prednisolone 200 mg, 2 patients received conventional-dose corticosteroid and 7 patients received no systemic corticosteroid therapy. When we evaluated the results 6 months after the initiation of treatment, anterior chamber inflammation was significantly less in patients with pulse and high-dose corticosteroid therapy than in those without systemic corticosteroid therapy. Furthermore, final visual acuity was significantly better in patients with pulse and high-dose corticosteroid than in those without them. However, there was no significant difference between patients with pulse therapy and those with high-dose corticosteroid therapy. The findings are in support of systemic corticosteroid therapy (pulse and high-dose) in the treatment of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

[A study of ultrasonic scaling in combination with povidone-iodine solution. (1)].

The effects of ultrasonic scaling in combination with povidone-iodine solution were examined clinically. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Three days after instrumentation, significant improvement was found in all experimental groups. Thereafter the improvement was at the same level and backing in each group. 2. Clinical findings, with exception of plaque index, showed improvement with ultrasonic scaling in combination with povidone-iodine solution in comparison with ultrasonic scaling alone and root planing.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1990

[Studies on delayed skin reactivity to streptococci in Behçet's disease].

Delayed type hypersensitivity of patients with Behçet's disease was investigated by intradermal skin test and prick test, using various inactivated microorganisms as antigens. In the intradermal skin test, 13 patients showed significantly increased skin reactivity to E. faecalis, compared with 5 normal controls. No significant differences were observed between these two groups in terms of reaction to S. pyogenes. Prick test was performed in 11 patients and 6 controls, using S. pyogenes, S. sanguis, S. salivarius and E. faecalis as antigens. It was shown that patients with this disease had significantly greater skin reactions to crude cell wall antigens, as well as to whole cell antigens of these streptococci than the controls. The antigenicity of streptococci seemed to be present mainly in the cell wall fragment, and these streptococci seemed to have cross reactivity with each other. These results suggest that streptococci may have some significant role in the immunopathogenesis of this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A study of combined chemotherapy with MMC, ADM, CDDP, etoposide (VP-16), 5'DFUR (MAC-VD therapy) in advanced cancer and local relapse of the stomach].

Eighteen patients with progressive/locally recurrent cancer of the stomach were given therapy with MMC, ADM, CDDP, Etoposide (VP-16), and 5'DFUR (MAC-VD therapy). Drugs were administered intravenously with MMC 10 mg/m2, ADM 20 mg/m2, and CDDP 50 mg/m2 on day 1; orally with etoposide 100 mg/day for five consecutive days from day 3; and orally with 5'DFUR 600 mg/day for three weeks from day 3 followed by discontinuation for one subsequent week. This drug regimen was one course of the treatment and repeated as far as possible. There were 16 evaluable cases; the sex distribution was ten males and six females. Patients ranged in age from 43 to 78 years. P.S. 1 was two cases; 2 ten cases; and 3 four cases. The overall response rate, CR + PR, was 1 + 7/16 (50%), while this rate for primary disease was 2 + 5/16 (43.8%). Of the two CR cases, one primary lesion became operable and CR was demonstrated histologically. The overall response rates, CR + PR, for metastatic lesions were 1 + 3/9 (44.4%) for the liver; 0 + 1/4 (25.0%) for the abdominal lymph nodes; 0 + 1/2 (50.0%) for the superficial lymph nodes; 0 + 1/2 (50.0%) for the bones; and 0 + 1/1 (100%) for the lung. The median duration of the response was 3.7 months (range between 1.5 and 8.2+) and the median duration of survival 5.1+ months (range between 2.2+ and 13.3+). At the same time, the hematological side effects of both leukocytopenia and hypohemoglobinemia were seen in 43.8% of the cases. Non-hematological side effects included alopecia in 18.8% and nausea/vomiting in 12.5%. There was no case of discontinuation due to side effects. It was concluded that the therapy with MMC, ADM, CDDP, etoposide and 5'DFUR (MAC-VD therapy) proved to be a very promising drug regimen in the treatment of stomach cancer with high rates of response and is expected to be a step forward in the establishment of interdisciplinary treatment.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[The changes in tumor markers such as serum CEA, CA 19-9, TPA and CA 125 in the chemotherapy of patients with advanced gastric cancer].

Twenty-five patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy. The levels of serum CEA, CA 19-9, TPA and CA 125 were measured before and during chemotherapy (4 and 8 weeks). One complete and 10 partial responses were obtained, and the response rate was 44%. Pretreatment positive rates of these four tumor markers were all more than 60%, and the positive rate of combination assay was 96%. The mean percent changes of these four tumor markers were similar and correlated well with the response to chemotherapy. There was a significant correlation between tumor reduction and decrease of serum CEA in the responders with measurable lesions. These results suggest that the measurement of changes of serum tumor markers may be useful for monitoring the response to chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer. It also may be useful to determine early the effectiveness of the treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic ultrasonographic detection of carcinomatous invasion and of lymph nodes in the thoracic esophagus.

The use of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for diagnosing the depth of carcinomatous invasion into the esophageal wall and in detecting mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with esophageal carcinoma was assessed. EUS was performed before surgery in 33 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy with lymph node dissection in our department of surgery between January 1987 and February 1989. The findings of EUS prospectively correlated with intraoperative macroscopic findings and histopathologic findings of the resected specimens. An accurate diagnosis of the depth of invasion into the esophageal wall was made in 30 of the 33 patients (90.1%). Visualization rates of mediastinal lymph nodes were 92.9%, 53.1%, and 1.0% when the nodes were greater than 10 mm in maximum diameter, 5 to 9 mm, and less than 5 mm, respectively. Although EUS had no diagnostic value for patients in whom the ultrasonic probe could not be inserted beyond the tumor, it is an excellent method for evaluating the depth of invasion and detecting lymph nodes greater than 10 mm in diameter. Detection is not feasible when the lymph node is less than 5 mm in diameter. EUS provides the surgeon with one more tool for the preoperative determination of curability.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of suspected allergic granulomatosis and angiitis with a rapid clinical course of paraplegia].

A 68-year-old man with suspected allergic granulomatosis and angiitis is reported. He had received 10 mg of prednisolone daily since July 1988 for asthma. He abruptly developed muscle weakness of the lower extremities, followed two days later by paraplegia. Six days after the onset of the muscle weakness, he was hospitalized. He showed disturbance of recent memory, disorientation, neck rigidity, paraplegia, mild muscle fasciculation and hypesthesia. He also showed paralytic ileus. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis (24580/mm3), eosinophilia (56% of the peripheral white blood cells and 19% of the cells in the cerebrospinal fluid), on erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 31 mm/h, and the IgE level of 1200 IU/ml. The ECG showed loss of the r-wave in V1 and V2. A granulomatous lesion anterior to the spinal cord was found on myelography and MRI. Prednisolone was given at a dose of 60 mg daily resulting in improvement of the clinical symptoms and eosinophilia. There was disappearance of the granuloma on MRI performed after prednisolone therapy. Despite the severe manifestation of allergic granulomatosis and angiitis, prednisolone therapy had a marked effect in this patient. The granulomatous lesion anterior to the spinal cord shown by MRI suggested an eosinophilic granuloma, and may have been the etiology of some of the neurological symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Correlation between hyperthermoradiosensitivity and clinical effect in carcinoma of the esophagus.

The correlation between hyperthermoradiosensitivity evaluated by an in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test and the histopathologic effects of hyperthermochemoradiotherapy (HCR therapy) were investigated in 43 patients with carcinoma of the esophagus. The succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity of tissue fragments taken at biopsy was assayed after exposure to heat (43 degrees C.) and radiation (6 grays) was done. The sensitivity to radiation plus heat treatment was estimated by the percentage of SD activity of the treated cells, compared with that of the control cells. The 43 patients were divided into three groups according to the degree of SD activity after exposure to radiation plus heat treatment. The SD activity was less than 50 per cent in group 1 (highly sensitive), between 50 and 70 per cent in group 2 (moderately sensitive), more than 70 per cent in group 3 (less sensitive). Eighteen of 20 in group 1, 11 of 17 in group 2 and two of six in group 3 were classified as being histopathologically "effective" for HCR therapy. The two year survival rate for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 55.5, 34.9 and zero per cent, respectively, while there were no statistical differences with regard to prognostic factors. These data suggest that in vitro activities of SD correlate well with the clinical effectiveness of HCR therapy. Therefore, it is recommended that a SD inhibition test be included among the guidelines for clinical management.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of bakumondo-to on salivary secretion in Sjögren syndrome].

The effect of a traditional chinese medicine 'Bakumondô tô' was evaluated on salivary secretion in thirty-eight patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) and the results were compared with a matchen control group of patients treated with Hochûekki-tô. Hochûekki-tô is also one of the traditional chinese medicine. Tsumura Bakumondô-tô and Tsumura Hochûekki-tô (extract granules) were used. Daily dose was 9g and 7.5g respectively. Before looking into the effects of Bakumondô-tô on salivary secretion, we must define the reliability of the gum test. To avoid of learning effect, three sequential gum tests were needed. At the second gum test and the third gum test, no increase of salivary secretion was observed. So, we performed at least three gum test in each the patients studied. We have reached the following conclusion. First, in the Bakumondô-tô group the salivary secretion was significantly increased from 8.2 +/- 1.1ml (m +/- SE) to 11.4 +/- 1.4ml. (p less than 0.005) Second, in the Bakumondô-tô group, the increase in salivary secretion was 3.16 +/- 0.78ml which was significantly more than the increase in control group. (p less than 0.005) Third, in the course of long-term observation, the salivary secretion in patients under Bakumondô-tô treatment gradually increased. (r = 0.7290) Fourth, the improvement of salivary secretion under Bakumondô-tô treatment was marked in stage I and stage II of sialographical abnormalities of the salivary gland. Finally, Bakumondô-tô was very useful for managing oral manifestations in patients with SjS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Distribution of preganglionic cells of superior cervical ganglion in the spinal cord in the cat].

It is generally accepted that preganglionic neurons of the cervical sympathetic nerve arise from the ciliospinal center, which exists in the spinal cord over C8-T3. However, its distribution within the spinal cord has not been exactly demonstrated. Therefore, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into the cervical sympathetic trunk in order to demonstrate the distribution of preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord in the cat. Four adult cats were used. HRP was injected into the superior cervical sympathetic trunk. Two or three days after the injection cats were sacrificed and prepared for histochemical demonstration of HRP. The superior cervical ganglion, sympathetic trunk and spinal cord were examined. Labelled cells with HRP were found in the intermediolateral nucleus over C8-T6 on the ipsilateral side of the injection. These neurons were identified as preganglionic neurons of the cervical sympathetic nerve. In addition, a large number of labelled cells were seen at the T2 and T3 levels, but a few labelled cells were observed at C8, T5 and T6. T1 and T4 showed the moderate distribution. Preganglionic neurons in the ciliospinal center were located at the level from C8 to T6 of the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Immunological analysis of Streptococcus sanguis antigens].

The exact cause of Behçet's disease is still unknown. Recently, advanced bacterial studies revealed that Behçet's disease was related to Streptococcus (S.) sanguis. However, the antigenicity of S. sanguis has not been fully studied. In this study, we clarified the antigenicity of S. sanguis. We made S. sanguis antigens: Mechanical Braun Extract (MBE) and Crude Cell Wall (CCW) from the whole cells, Membrane Fraction (MF) and Cytoplasmic Fraction (CF) from MBE, Cell Wall Fragment (CWF) and Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from MBE. We found that the major antigenicity of S. sanguis was present in CF by use of the Ouchterlony method and the ELISA method. However, apart from S. pyogenes, we could not recognize a common antigenicity among S. sanguis and several other antigens, such as S-Ag, IRBP, retinal soluble fraction, retinal insoluble fraction and Enterococcus faecalis, by the Ouchterlony method. Since we have clarified the antigenicity of S. sanguis in this study, we can now perform detailed examinations with samples from patients with Behçet's disease for S. sanguis antigens.

Animals↗