Biomedical subjects

S Ohara

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohara.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Cross-linking and gel formation of water-soluble lysine polypeptides. An insolubilization model reaction for adhesive proteins.

Insolubilizing studies of water-soluble synthetic polypeptides containing lysine residues were examined using organic aliphatic and aromatic cross-linking agents such as dialdehydes, diacyl chlorides and diactive ester, together with an enzyme tyrosinase, in water and simulated seawater systems. The cross-linking reaction was characterized by the viscosity and turbidity changes. Among the organic cross-linking agents used aliphatic glutaraldehyde and aromatic o-phthalaldehyde were the most effective. When excess organic cross-linking agents were added to the lysine polypeptide systems, the corresponding solid gels were formed. As a whole, the molecular weight of the samples, the amino acid compositions, the cross-linking agent used, the molar ratios between cross-linking agents and functional residues and system pH were found to have roles in the insolubilizing reaction and the gel formation. The cross-linking results obtained were compared with those of the polypeptide-tyrosinase systems, whose deep brownish red colour was decolorized by the addition of L-ascorbic acid.

Gels↗

PubMed1992

Myalgia as the major symptom in systemic panniculitis (Weber-Christian disease).

A case of systemic panniculitis (Weber-Christian disease) presenting with myalgia as the main clinical symptom is reported. There was no laboratory or electromyographic evidence of myogenic disturbance. Biopsy of the painful muscle revealed nonspecific mononuclear cell infiltration in the epimysial fatty tissue, while the muscle fibers remained intact. Prednisolone was dramatically effective in alleviating the myalgia as well as the other signs of panniculitis. The present case may indicate that myalgia in systemic panniculitis is one manifestation of its systemic connective tissue involvement.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1992

Progressive supranuclear palsy-like syndrome in two siblings of a consanguineous marriage.

Two siblings of a consanguineous marriage showed identical clinical features consisting of supranuclear vertical ophthalmoplegia, bradykinesia, rigidity, stooped posture, pseudobulbar palsy, and dementia, all beginning in the sixth decade. There was no history of encephalitis or of exposure to known chemicals. L-Dopa therapy was only partially and temporarily effective. Autopsy of one patient revealed extensive neurofibrillary degeneration with prominent involvement of the limbic system. There were no senile plaques or Lewy bodies. Under electron microscopy, there were paired helical filaments as well as 15-nm-wide straight tubules. The diffuse appearance of neurofibrillary tangles, predominant in the limbic system, and familial occurrence are unusual in progressive supranuclear palsy; these cases may, therefore, constitute a different, distinctive clinicopathologic disease.

Consanguinity↗

PubMed1992

Persistent trigeminal artery associated with brainstem infarct--case report.

A 47-year-old male presented with a sudden onset of right hemiparesis and numbness of the left face. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a lacunar infarct in the ventral pons. Cerebral angiography demonstrated a persistent trigeminal artery (PTA) anastomosing the left internal carotid artery to the distal basilar artery. Bilateral vertebral arteries and the basilar artery below the PTA junction were extremely hypoplastic. The bilateral posterior communicating arteries were embryonic. The posterior fossa circulation was almost independent from the circle of Willis. The poor vascular supply to the posterior fossa probably caused the brainstem infarct.

Brain Stem↗

PubMed1992

Aneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery associated with Marfan's syndrome--case report.

An aneurysm of the internal carotid artery associated with Marfan's syndrome occurred in a 23-year-old female with a 2-year history of a pulsating lesion in the left neck, which progressively increased in size. Left carotid angiography demonstrated a giant saccular aneurysm at the origin of the internal carotid artery. The aneurysm was excised and end-to-end anastomosis performed without postoperative morbidity.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Effects of the M1 muscarinic receptor antagonist pirenzepine on gastric mucus glycoprotein in rats with or without ethanol-induced gastric damage.

Changes in gastric mucus glycoprotein (mucin) isolated from pirenzepine-treated rats with or without ethanol (50%)-induced gastric damage were studied. The prior administration of pirenzepine inhibited significantly and dose-dependently the occurrence of macroscopically observable hemorrhagic lesions induced by treatment with ethanol. The gastric mucosa was separated into the surface mucosa, including the mucus gel layer, and the deeper mucosa by mechanical scraping, and the mucin in each was isolated. In ethanol-treated animals the mucin content of the deep corpus mucosa was significantly reduced to 68% the control value. This reduction was inhibited by pretreatment with pirenzepine. In the surface mucosa mucin content was also reduced to 48% of control value by ethanol treatment, but pirenzepine pretreatment increased mucin content to 235% the control value. Total mucin content in the entire stomach essentially resumed the control level by pretreatment with 100 mg/kg of pirenzepine. A single oral administration of pirenzepine (100 mg/kg) caused no change in total mucin content, but mucin in the deep corpus mucosa selectively and significantly increased to 124% the control. These and the results of carbohydrate analysis of purified mucin indicate that pirenzepine administration possibly accelerates the secretion of accumulated deep corpus mucus, retains this deep mucus on surface mucosal mucus, and protects the gastric mucosa in ethanol-induced gastric damage. This may be related to the antiulcerogenic effects of pirenzepine.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Evaluation of school dental health activities in Hiraizumi primary school, Iwate prefecture].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health activities in Hiraizumi primary school, Iwate prefecture. As a result of intensive dental health activities from 1978 to 1990, which consisted of tooth brushing instruction by class, dental education for the schoolchildren and their guardians, utilization of fluoride mouth rinsing (once a week), and, by following a model school of caries prevention designated by the Ministry of Education et al., the oral health status of the Hiraizumi primary schoolchildren improved significantly compared with those of the Ohya primary schoolchildren who followed the routine school dental health activities. The results of questionnaires, taken from both primary schoolchildren in 1986 and 1989, show that the oral health behavior of the Hiraizumi primary schoolchildren also improved.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1992

[Study on screening of high-caries-risk children by using number of DMFT at 6 years of age].

This study was carried out to contrive a screening level and select high-caries-risk school-children by using the number of dmft in the deciduous canines and molars at 6 years of age. The screening level was established at 9 dmft by analyzing the longitudinal caries data from 119 primary schoolchildren in Tomisato, Chiba Prefecture. Thirty-three percent of the high-caries-risk children, selected by the application of this screening level to the other three primary schools, were predicted that the mean number of DMFT would be 6 or more at 11 years of age. However, this screening level was not available for the two schools which had been adopting a fluoride mouth rinsing program because of their low caries experience at 11 years of age.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1992

[A case of B-cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis].

A case of B cell lymphoma with clinical and histological features of malignant histiocytosis was described. A 57-year-old male was admitted to Shinshu University Hospital because of transverse myelopathy. Five months before admission, he noticed urinary disturbance, which progressed to urinary obstruction. The following month, bilateral muscular weakness appeared in his legs. A few days later he could not stand up, and was admitted to a local hospital. Neurological examination revealed sensory disturbances below the level of Th12 in all modalities, and marked weakness and hyperreflexia in the lower limbs. A spinal tumor was suspected. However, myelography showed no abnormality. The patient's condition worsened and he became bed-ridden in February 1990. He was transferred to Shinshu University Hospital for further evaluation. On admission he was poorly nourished with fever, anemia, hepatomegaly, and bilateral pretibial pitting edema. No lymphadenopathy was observed. Neurological examination showed total sensory loss below the level of Th12, spastic paraplegia, hyperreflexia in the legs, and urinary obstruction. Laboratory findings revealed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased CRP, pancytopenia, and hypoalbuminemia. Serum level of IgG, IgA, IgM, LDH, ALP, GPT and total bilirubin were increased. CSF and MRI imaging of the spinal cord were normal. Proliferation of atypical histiocytes with marked erythrophagocytosis, which is a characteristic pathological feature of malignant histiocytosis, was observed in peripheral blood and aspirated bone marrow. Immunoenzyme staining of bone marrow using monoclonal antibody L-26, which is a B-cell marker, revealed B-cell lymphoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Flow Cytometry↗

PubMed1992

[Movement of gastric acid secretion and influence of proton pump inhibitors on histamine H2 receptor antagonist resistant ulcer].

Treatment of peptic ulcers has become easier with the advent of H2 blockers. However, H2 resistant ulcer still remain. These cases were screened by 24 hr-intragastric pH monitoring, which well reflects the status of gastric acid secretion. On the one hand, there were cases in which no nocturnal elevation in gastric pH was seen even after administration of H2 blocker (H2 blocker resistant ulcer). On the other hand, there were cases which were resistant to treatment with H2 blocker, although the gastric pH elevated. It is considered that omeprazole is effective for the former cases.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1992

Surgical treatment of adrenal diseases at Nara Medical University and affiliated hospitals.

The effect of advanced diagnostic imaging on the surgical treatment of adrenal diseases was examined in 86 cases of adrenal disease surgically treated at the Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, and affiliated hospitals from August, 1962, to July, 1991. The number of cases included in the present study was 16 for the period before the introduction of CT (from 1962 to 1978), and 70, including 13 cases of adrenal incidental tumor, after the introduction of CT in 1979. There were no malignant tumors histopathologically, among the 13 cases of incidental tumor. Accurate localization of functioning adrenal disease was possible at a rate of 100% with angiography, including selective venous blood sampling, 98.6% with CT and 84.5% with ultrasonography. The rate was 100% with magnetic resonance imaging which was carried out on 19 cases (20 adrenal glands). Signs of malignancy were observed in the removed tissue of three cases from the pheochromocytoma group. As the diagnostic imaging technique has improved, the use of a flank approach has increased in the surgery for adrenal disease.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1992

[Cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism].

A 38-year-old male began to develop progressive difficulty in speaking and walking in his early thirties. He was the younger of four siblings from the parents of consanguineous marriage. Allegedly, his brother had showed similar symptoms. On examination, he was sexually underdeveloped with absent facial and public hair as well as small firm testes. He showed typical eunuchoid habitus. Neurologically, his gait was markedly ataxic and speech was explosive. He was mildly demented (verbal IQ = 66) and eupholic. Generalized hyperreflexia and positive Babinski were observed. There were no signs of extrapyramidal, autonomic or peripheral nerve involvement. Laboratory data were remarkable for low level of serum gonadotropins and low level of HVA and 5-HIAA in CSF. Plasma long-chain fatty acids were normal and lysosomal enzymes in leukocyte including ASA showed no significant change. EEG showed diffuse slow activities with spikes on photic stimulation. The endocrinological studies including insulin-induced hypoglycemia and TRH test demonstrated hypothalamus-pituitary axis dysfunction. GH-RH test showed delayed response of GH secretion, suggesting the presence of hypothalamic disturbance. Brain CT showed cerebellar atrophy and symmetrical low density area in the cerebral white matter. On MRI, T2 weighed image showed diffuse and symmetrical high intensity area in the cerebral white matter. High signal intensities were also noted in the bilateral thalamus and pons. It is suggested that both hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and cerebellar ataxia in this disease may have a common underlying pathology of white matter.

Adult↗

PubMed1991