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Biomedical subjects

S Oda

Publications and source records attributed to S Oda.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with marked infiltration in calf muscle].

A 64-year-old male developed pain and marked swelling of his left calf muscle in September, 1989. Deep-vein thrombophlebitis was suspected, and therapy with warfarin sodium followed by urokinase was instituted. Because of unsatisfactory effect of the therapy, the patient was referred to another hospital on January 3rd 1990. A CT scan of the left leg showed a soft-tissue mass adjacent to the fibula. A biopsy of the mass revealed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of diffuse medium-sized cell type. Immunohistologic examination confirmed B cell type. He was admitted to our hospital on January 31st 1990. A chest roentgenogram showed right pleural effusion. A CT scan of the abdomen revealed a space-occupying lesion in the liver. A Gallium scintigraphy showed markedly increased isotope uptake in the left calf and liver. He was classed as a Stage IV B. He responded well to combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, THP-adriamycin, VP-16, and prednisolone and achieved a complete remission. Although prominent infiltration of lymphoma cells in skeletal muscles is rarely reported, it is important to perform the biopsy promptly when the mass is found in a muscle. In this case report, we describe a rare case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with muscle invasion presented as marked calf muscle swelling.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[A case report: abscess of the cavum septi pellucidi].

A rare case of an abscess in the cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) is described and previously reported cases are reviewed. A 60-year-old male was admitted to the hospital because a diagnosis of cerebellar hemisphere infarction was made on CT scan. Seven years earlier, the patient had undergone a craniotomy for aneurysm clipping, and a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was installed for normal pressure hydrocephalus 14 days after the aneurysmal rupture. On his second hospitalization CT scan also demonstrated CSP but this was not associated with ventriculomegaly. He was placed on a rehabilitation regimen and his hospital course was uneventful. Two months later, however, he developed hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. After analysis of CSF obtained from the shunting device, a diagnosis of meningitis was made and CSF culture revealed E. coli infection. A part of the peritoneal tubing was torn and missing when the tube was removed from the peritoneal cavity and converted to outer drainage. Being treated with intrathecal and intravenous antibiotics administration, the meningitis subsided. However, CT scan taken twelve days after the onset of the infection showed an abscess in CSP which showed ring enhancement after contrast media. Therefore, the patient continued to receive intravenous antibiotics to counter the mass effect due to the abscess. The abscess had disappeared on follow-up CT scan obtained ten days later. The patient, however, eventually expired after iatrogenic hypernatremia associated with acute renal failure. The patient was submitted to an autopsy. The authors speculate that the abscess developed through a retrograde cisternal route after infection which had originated from bowel perforation by the peritoneal shunt tube.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[Antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against fresh clinical isolates from superficial suppurative foci].

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 5 drugs (ciprofloxacin (CPFX), and 4 drugs used as standard) were determined to investigate antibacterial potencies of CPFX against bacterial strains isolated in 1989 from superficial suppurative foci. The clinical isolates tested included 375 strains from 11 aerobic bacterial species, and 50 strains from 2 anerobic bacterial genera (group) for a total of 425 isolates. Interpreting MIC level distributions of these drugs as the expression of antibacterial potencies, the results are as follows. 1. When activities of new-quinolone antibiotics were tested, we found that, CPFX expressed far superior antibacterial potency to ofloxacin (OFLX) and norfloxacin (NFLX) against coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Morganella morganii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Peptostreptococcus spp., although the activity of CPFX against Bacteroides fragilis group was weaker than that of OFLX, and CPFX had similar activity against Staphylococcus aureus to OFLX. 2. In comparison to beta-lactam antibiotics, CPFX was inferior to amoxicillin (AMPC) against E. faecalis and inferior to AMPC and cefaclor (CCL) against Peptostreptococcus spp. Against all other bacterial species, however, CPFX expressed superior antibacterial potency to AMPC and CCL. 3. Scattered findings of low sensitivity or resistance to CPFX were observed among the S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. faecium, P. vulgaris, M. morganii, P. aeruginosa and B. fragilis (group) species, but with an exception of E. faecium, the incidence of resistance strains was low.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1991

Interleukin 1 autocrine growth system in human multiple myeloma.

The role of interleukin 1 (IL 1) in the growth of human multiple myeloma cells was studied in vitro. In the culture supernatant of myeloma cells, IL 1-like activities were detected by the stimulating on murine thymocyte proliferative response and these activities were completely inhibited by anti-IL 1 beta antibody but not by anti-IL 1 alpha antibody. Recombinant human IL 1 alpha (alpha) and IL 1 beta (beta) enhanced the proliferation of myeloma cells freshly isolated from the bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma. Moreover, the spontaneous growth of myeloma cells was partly inhibited by anti-IL 1 beta antibody but not by anti-IL 1 alpha antibody. IL 1 receptor was detected on the surface of 50% of the myeloma cells by flow cytofluorometric analysis. The expression of IL 1 receptor (IL 1R) on myeloma cells was also analyzed using a binding assay with 125I-labeled IL 1 alpha. By Scatchard plot analysis, two classes of IL 1R were found on the myeloma cells. The major class (2700-7200 sites/cell) had the lower affinity (Kd = 0.88-1.2 x 10(-9) M) and the minor class (70-500 sites/cell) had the higher affinity (Kd = 3.1 - 38.0 x 10(-12) M). Furthermore, a tendency for a proliferation of IL 1R-positive myeloma cells to be induced by adding exogenous IL 1 was observed. These results suggest IL 1 beta to be one of the autocrine growth factors for multiple myeloma cells.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1990

Calcium dependency of the production of interleukin 1 and the expression of interleukin 1 receptors of human adult T-cell leukemia cells in vitro.

The effect of calcium on the production of interleukin 1 (IL 1) and the expression of IL 1 receptors (R) of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells was studied in vitro. ATL cells freshly obtained from patients and ATL cell lines produced limited amounts of IL 1 by culturing in a low-calcium concentration of medium (less than 0.01 mM). However, the production of IL 1 was enhanced by the addition of calcium chloride to the medium in a concentration-dependent manner and reached the maximum at the higher calcium concentration (3-4 mM) than at the standard calcium concentration of medium (1.26 mM). The production of IL 1 from ATL cells was further enhanced by calcium ionophore. Furthermore, the expression of IL 1R on ATL cells was augmented in proportion to the extracellular calcium concentration and calcium ionophore. In accordance with the change of the extracellular calcium concentration, the intracellular calcium concentration of ATL cells detected by Fura 2 was changed. However, this calcium dependency was not observed in the human T-cell leukemia virus I-negative acute T-cell leukemia cells. These results suggest that calcium plays a critical role in the regulation of the production of IL 1 and the expression of IL 1R on ATL cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Antiviral and antiproliferative activities of recombinant human interferon alpha 2, beta and gamma on HTLV-I and ATL cells in vitro.

ATL (Adult T cell leukemia) causes severe immune deficiency. Furthermore, aggravation of immune deficiency is a major problem in chemotherapy of ATL. In expectation of antiviral, antineoplastic and increasing immunological activity, several clinical trials of Interferons (IFNs) on ATL have been reported. However, as the effects have not been generally established, we investigated the in vitro effects of human recombinant interferon (rIFN) alpha 2, beta and gamma on both the infection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) to normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and the growth of ATL cells. The induction of HTLV-I specific antigens on the surface of normal PBL cultured with HTLV-I in vitro was inhibited by the addition of rIFNs in a dose dependent manner. The rIFNs also had dose dependent suppressive effects on the proliferation of ATL cells and one of the ATL cell lines (MT-2). These suppressive effects of rIFNs were not due to a direct cytocidal activity, because rIFNs did not affect the viability of ATL cells at these concentrations. Such inhibitory concentrations (1 to 1000 U/ml) were within the ranges achievable in the blood of patients after the injection of rIFNs. This investigation suggests that rIFNs is applicable for the therapy of ATL.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

Effect of interleukin-4 on the growth of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells stimulated by hematopoietic growth factors.

The effects of recombinant murine interleukin-4 (rmIL-4) on murine granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM) were investigated in the presence or absence of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), recombinant murine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rmGM-CSF) or recombinant murine interleukin-3 (rmIL-3) both in serum-free and serum-containing cultures. IL-4 alone could not support any CFU-GM colony formation in both culture systems. In serum-free cultures, IL-4 inhibited CFU-GM colony formation stimulated by G-CSF, GM-CSF or IL-3 from whole bone marrow cells (whole BM cells), nonadherent, nonphagocytic and T cell-depleted BM cells (fractionated BM cells) or whole BM cells of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) treated mice. On the other hand, in serum-containing cultures, IL-4 inhibited CFU-GM colony formation stimulated by GM-CSF or IL-3, but IL-4 dose-dependently enhanced G-CSF-stimulated colony formation from both whole and fractionated BM cells. Morphological examinations revealed that IL-4 predominantly inhibited granulocyte-lineage colony formation stimulated by GM-CSF or IL-3 in both culture systems. When combined with G-CSF, IL-4 predominantly inhibited granulocyte-lineage colony formation and relatively increased macrophage-lineage colonies, but in serum-containing culture, IL-4 significantly increased macrophage-lineage colony formation. The results of the present study suggest that IL-4 has an inhibitory effect on the factors (G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3)-dependent CFU-GM colony formation in serum-free condition and enhances only G-CSF-stimulated CFU-GM colony formation in serum-containing condition.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Fatty acid hydroxylase system in the Japanese harvest mouse, Micromys minutus.

Liver microsomes of the Japanese harvest mouse (Micromys minutus), which is the smallest known mammal among rodents, catalyze the hydroxylation of various fatty acids (C8 to C18) to the corresponding omega-hydroxy and (omega-1)-hydroxy derivatives. Although laurate is most effectively hydroxylated among saturated fatty acids by liver microsomes of other species, harvest mouse liver microsomes most effectively catalyze the hydroxylation of decanoate. From inhibitor and cofactor studies, and from the substrate specificity for hydroxylation, it was concluded that omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation of fatty acids are catalyzed by different cytochrome P-450 species in the liver microsomes of the harvest mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Usefulness of neutral red uptake method for investigation of the effects of recombinant hemopoietic growth factors on leukemic blasts proliferation.

By a colorimetric assay with dye (neutral red), the effects of recombinant human hemopoietic growth factors (rhG-CSF, rhGM-CSF, rhIL-3 and rhEPO) on the proliferation of leukemic blasts in vitro were investigated. Leukemic blasts were obtained from eight patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (M1: two cases, M3: two cases, M4: four cases) and from four patients with acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (L2: four cases). It was shown that rhG-CSF, rhGM-CSF and rhIL-3 stimulated the blast proliferation in most cases of AML, although the degree and pattern of responses showed a striking variability in different patients. Moreover, rhGM-CSF and rhIL-3 also stimulated the leukemic blasts from some cases of ALL. No clear morphological modification providing evidence for terminal differentiation was observed when assessed by Wright stain. On the other hand, rhEPO did not have any stimulating effects on leukemic blasts in all cases. These results indicate the necessity of investigating the responses of leukemic blasts to hemopoietic growth factors in each patient prior to clinical use of such factors. For this assay, neutral red uptake method is useful because of its simplicity, rapidity, precision and convenience for handling a large volume of materials.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effect of high doses of recombinant human erythropoietin on megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet production in splenectomized mice.

The effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) on megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet production were investigated in splenectomized, sham-operated and intact mice. When splenectomized mice were injected with 50 U of rHuEpo daily for 4 d, peripheral platelet counts, megakaryocyte (MK) size and the percentage of mature MK (stage IV MK) increased from 1 to 4 d after the initial rHuEpo injection. The total number of marrow MK colony forming units (CFU-MK) increased from 2 to 4 d after the initial injection. Furthermore, from days 6 to 8, the total number of marrow MK also increased. In addition, when the dose of rHuEpo was increased to 20-200 U per mouse, clear dose responses were detected in platelet counts and MK numbers. When sham-operated and intact mice were injected with rHuEpo, no significant change in platelet numbers was detected. The number of MK, MK size and the number of CFU-MK increased only in spleen, not in bone marrow. Our data indicate that Epo has stimulatory effects on platelet production in vivo, if used in sufficient quantities.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Mental health in software engineers. I. Frequency of mental complaints, physical complaints and psychiatric disorders].

This study examined the physical complaints, mental complaints and psychiatric disorders in software engineers. Subjects were 101 male software engineers. They were evaluated by a semistructured interview. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on DSM-III (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition). The results are summarized as follows: 1) Physical complaints were observed in 68% of the subjects with 25% of the subjects complaining of physical ill-health. This study showed that 12% of the subjects had hypertension, 12%, gastritis or gastro-duodenal ulcer, 14%, allergic disease, and 19% miscellaneous diseases. 2) Of the subjects 62% had mental complaints and 31% mental ill-health. Depressive symptom was the most frequent mental complaint with 32% of the subjects diagnosed as DSM-III. The common diagnoses were adjustment disorders (19%), major affective disorders (6%), psychological factors affecting physical condition (5%) and dysthymic disorder (3%). Only one subject sought professional help from a psychiatrist for relief of mental complaints. The data suggest the severity of mental ill health in software engineers, but methodological limitations preclude a firm conclusion at this time. Further studies should be made on the mental health state in software engineers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Mental health in software engineers. II. Classification of occupational stressors, and relationship between occupational stressors and psychiatric disorders].

Occupational stressors and psychiatric disorders were studied in a sample of 101 male software engineers. Psychiatric diagnosis was based on DSM-III (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition). The results can be summarized as follows: 1) More than 30% of the subjects were not satisfied with their work. 2) Occupational stressors ascertained in the interview could be classified into "quantity of job," "quality of job," "role in organization," "relations with others," "work conditions," "career development," "reward," "organizational structure and climate," "low social support," and "lack of decision making." "quality of job" (35%), "quantity of job" (30%), and "role in organization" (33%) were the most common stressors for the subjects. 3) Among the occupational stressors, only "quantity of job" was significantly related to psychiatric disorders (p less than 0.05). The results suggest that many software engineers are not satisfied with their work and that "quantity of job" has the greatest influence on their mental health. Some measures should be taken to avoid potential health hazards, for the research findings indicate a relationship between occupational stressors and mental health in software engineers.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Working ability between air and trimix breathing gas under 8 ATA air condition].

Pneumatic caisson work in Japan has come into operation since 1924. Afterward, this technique of compressed air work has been widely utilized in the construction of foundation basements, shafts of the bottom tunnel shields for subway and so forth. While using this technique of compressed air work means that workers have to be exposed to hyperbaric environment, this technique has risks of not only decompression sickness (DCS) but also toxicity of poisonous gas and/or oxygen deficiency. However, this technique is independent of city construction work and the operation of compressed air work higher than 5ATA (4.0 kg/cm2G) is actually been planning recently. Accordingly unmanned caisson work is considered as a better technique for such higher pressurized work, even though workers must enter into hyperbaric working fields for maintenance or repair of unmanned operated machinery and materials. This research is to establish the safe work under hyperbaric air environment at 8ATA.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Glucagon and insulin responses to alpha-adrenergic subtype receptor blockade in sheep.

1. Five sheep were used to investigate the influences of alpha-adrenergic subtype receptor blockade on the secretion of both glucagon and insulin. 2. The glucagon secretion was stimulated through an alpha 2-adrenergic subtype mechanism. 3. The secretion of insulin was inhibited by an alpha 2-adrenergic subtype mechanism in conscious sheep.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

[Study on susceptibilities of freshly isolated strains to macrolide antibiotics].

Macrolide (ML) susceptibilities of clinically isolated bacteria obtained freshly during 1989 were determined and year to year differences in ML-resistances of the clinical isolates in our laboratory were examined with epidemiological consideration in mind. 1. The distribution of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of MLs against isolates of Staphylococcus aureus showed 2 peaks, one peak representing S. aureus isolates susceptible to MLs and the other peak representing those resistant to MLs. Proportions of resistant isolates to various MLs were 36% to erythromycin, 24% each to kitasamycin, josamycin, midecamycin and midecamycin acetate. MICs of rokitamycin (RKM), however, distributed themselves into 3 peaks of less than or equal to 0.39 micrograms/ml (76%), 1.56-3.13 micrograms/ml (12%) and greater than or equal to 100 micrograms/ml (12%). Staphylococcus spp. including Staphylococcus epidermidis showed different resistance characteristics to 14-membered ring MLs and to 16-membered ring MLs. Further, the proportion of resistant organisms to RKM was the smallest among proportions of resistant organisms to various 16-membered ring MLs tested. These differences in proportions of resistant organisms to different MLs may have resulted from differences in resistance induction activities of different MLs. The above described ratios of resistant organisms to MLs among S. aureus did not vary since 1975 among clinical isolates tested in our laboratory. 2. Four per cent (4%) of Streptococcus pyogenes isolates were MLs resistant, and 18% of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were resistant to MLs. Among the isolates tested in our laboratory since 1985, resistant isolates of S. pyogenes are clearly decreasing and those of S. pneumoniae seem to be increasing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical evaluation of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) spray: a study on the plasma concentrations of ISDN and on its hemodynamic effects using three administration routes].

The effects of ISDN spray has been evaluated using oral, nasal or tracheal routes in patients under enflurane anesthesia. These 30 patients were in ASA I or II physical status without cardiovascular, kidney or liver diseases. Under enflurane anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure and heart rate), blood gas and plasma concentration of ISDN were measured at several points before and after drug administration. The plasma concentration reached a maximum point (C max) 4 min after drug administration in the oral group (O-group) and nasal group (N-group), and the values obtained were 48.4 +/- 5.4 ng.ml-1 and 87.4 +/- 13.8 ng.ml-1 respectively. The C max of the N-group was significantly higher than that of O-group (P less than 0.05). In the O- and N-groups, systolic blood pressure decreased 10% and 17%, after 4 min (P less than 0.05) and recovered 20 after min. Diastolic blood pressure decreased in both groups after 4 min (P less than 0.05). Heart rate significantly increased in the N-group (P less than 0.05), and continued to change up to 60 min after drug administration. In both groups, PaO2/FIO2 decreased 14% and 9% after 10 min (P less than 0.01). In the tracheal group, plasma concentration did not increase and these hemodynamic changes were not observed. These results suggest that nasal route of ISDN spray is the best route of administration.

Administration, Intranasal↗