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Biomedical subjects

S Noguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Noguchi.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Photodynamic effects of exposure to hematoporphyrin derivatives and dye-laser radiation on human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

The phototoxicity of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) and dye-laser radiation on adenocarcinoma cells of the human stomach was examined by light and electron microscopy. Adenocarcinoma cells were obtained from human stomach tissue by endoscopic biopsy. The cells were incubated for 5 minutes in the patient's own serum that contained 0.6 mg HPD/ml and then were exposed to dye-laser radiation at 630 nm at an irradiance of 15 mW/cm2. Electron microscopy showed that cytotoxicity was mediated by mitochondrial damage, dilatation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and alterations of the nuclear membrane. The degenerative changes were greater and more frequent in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cells than in well-differentiated ones. No marked temperature rise was detected during irradiation. Neither the dye alone nor light alone had any effect. A singlet oxygen-trapping agent, 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran, prevented adenocarcinoma cell degeneration that otherwise would result from exposure to HPD and dye-laser radiation. Thus singlet oxygen may be the cytotoxic agent in this system.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma (acute abdominal type) misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis and satisfactorily treated by a two-stage operation].

A 66-year-old man was admitted because of right lower abdominal pain and was operated on for acute appendicitis on March 12, 1983. It was found that his appendix was not inflamed, but a bleeding tumor was encountered in the posterior segment of the liver. Bleeding was controlled by suturing the liver above the tumor. Postoperative celiac angiography revealed many daughter tumors scattered in, but restricted to, the right lobe of the liver. The patient was treated by transcatheter arterial embolization combined with transcatheter arterial infusion of lipiodol and Adriamycin on April 25. Subsequently, a curative operation (right hemihepatectomy) was performed on May 24. The patient is still alive without recurrence 6 months after the resection. In case of ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma, it appears to be better to perform a two-stage operation with careful estimation of functional reserve of the liver, and to conduct transcatheter arterial embolization between operations to prevent the growth of the tumor during that period.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1984

Growth-stimulative effect of estrogen on androgen-dependent Shionogi carcinoma 115.

The stimulative effect of 17 beta-estradiol on the growth of androgen-dependent Shionogi carcinoma 115 and estrogen receptor in the tumor were studied. The incorporation of 17 beta-[3H]estradiol following a single injection of 17 beta-[3H]estradiol into tumor-bearing animals was 5- to 20-fold higher in the tumor than in the spleen and blood. Scatchard plot analyses showed that the tumor cytosol possessed a 17 beta-estradiol-binding site having a high affinity for 17 beta-estradiol [Kd 1.1 +/- 0.1 nM (S.E.)]. Competition experiments demonstrated that the 17 beta-estradiol binding was specific only for estrogenic compounds. Using sedimentation coefficient obtained by high-salt sucrose gradient (4.0S) and Stokes radius obtained by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200 (46 A), the molecular weight of 17 beta-estradiol-binding component in the tumor cytosol was estimated to be 76,400. In castrated DS mice, a slight but significant increase in growth of s.c. grafted tumors was found by daily s.c. injections of either 17 beta-estradiol or 10 micrograms per mouse of testosterone propionate. Growth of the tumor maintained by 10 micrograms of testosterone propionate was augmented markedly by the addition of 4 micrograms of 17 beta-estradiol, and the growth approached the level induced by 100 micrograms of testosterone propionate. Simultaneous injections of bromocryptine inhibited an increase in 17 beta-estradiol-induced prolactin secretion but had no effect on the 17 beta-estradiol-enhanced tumor growth. These results demonstrate for the first time the stimulative effect of estrogen on the growth of androgen-dependent Shionogi carcinoma 115. The tumor contains typical estrogen receptor, which might be able to transmit estrogen signal to tumor cell nuclei with regard to tumor growth.

Androgens↗
PubMed1984

[Intravesical instillation therapy of aclacinomycin-A (ACM) for superficial bladder tumor].

Thirty-nine patients with superficial bladder cancer underwent intravesical instillation therapy of Aclacinomycin-A (ACM). Antitumor effect of ACM was evaluated in 19 patients and objective responses (CR + PR) of tumor were observed in 84.2% of these patients. Prophylactic instillation therapy of ACM was carried out on 20 patients and the results were compared with those obtained for 10 control patients who had first episode of bladder tumor and received no instillation therapy. No significant difference in the recurrent rate was observed between these two groups. The major side effect for instillation therapy with ACM was bladder irritation which appeared in 38.5% of all the patients.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1983

Characterization and analysis of oncofetal tRNA and its possible application for cancer diagnosis and therapy.

We determined the primary structures of various tumor-specific tRNAs as well as of their normal counterparts by postlabeling RNA-sequencing procedures. The results clearly indicated that tumor-specific tRNAs are mostly formed by undermodification of hypermodified nucleosides located in the anticodon loop: no new tRNA transcripts have so far been found in tumor cells. Among the modified nucleosides affected by tumorigenesis, queuosine and Y base are the most interesting. In various tumor tRNAPhe species, hydroxy Y base located next to the anticodon is undermodified to form hypomodified hydroxy Y base lacking methyl and carboxymethyl groups. This Y base analog should be a good marker for analyzing the state of cancer cells. Queuosine, located in the first position of the anticodon, is partly or completely replaced by guanosine in all tumor cells tested so far. The amount of G-tRNA decreased markedly when the cells differentiated into mature erythroid cells, with concomitant increase of Q-tRNA. This indicates that the presence of G-tRNA is closely related to the state of the cells, not merely to the fast growth rate of tumor cells. The enzyme tRNA-guanine transglycosylase, which is a key enzyme in biosynthesis of queuosine in tRNA (inserting Q base into tRNA by a transglycosylase reaction), is active in both tumor cells and normal cells. Administration of chemically synthesized Q base to tumor-bearing mice resulted in complete conversion of G-tRNA to Q-tRNA in tumor cells, indicating that exogenously added Q base is effectively incorporated into G-tRNA. Various Q base analogs that can be used as substrates for tRNA-guanine transglycosylase were synthesized chemically. These compounds may be used for clinical cancer diagnosis, since they should be incorporated selectively into tRNA in tumor cells. In addition to use as cancer chemotherapeutic reagents, it should be possible to develop new Q base analogs that induce miscoding or blocking of protein synthesis after insertion into G-tRNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Acid protease activity in thyroid gland from patients with Graves' disease.

Although the activity of lysosomal protease in Graves' thyroid is considered to be increased, there has been no quantitative method to estimate the protease activity in the thyroid tissue due to the contamination of thyroglobulin (Tg) which varies in susceptibility to the protease. In the present study, the proteolytic activity (PA) of thyroid lysosomal protease preparation (P25) separated from Tg was assayed using 125I labeled rat Tg. More than 95% of 125I-Tg was hydrolyzed at pH 4.0 without deiodination, and the pattern of liberated iodoamino acids resembled that of pronase digest except for a higher T3/T4 ratio. Thirty-seven Graves' thyroids and 15 paranodular thyroid tissues were assayed. PA, the specific PA (SPA; calculated as PA per mg P25 protein) and PA per DNA content in Graves' thyroids were significantly higher than those in controls. There were good correlations among PA, SPA and PA per DNA content of the thyroid tissue. PA and SPA in the thyroid from 29 patients with Graves' disease treated with propylthiouracil or methimazole did not correlate with serum thyroid hormone level immediately before surgery. In 8 patients treated with KI, PA from 5 patients whose serum thyroid hormone levels had been normalized were significantly lower than those from 3 patients who were still thyrotoxic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of thyroglobulin (TG) in the thyroid gland in Basedow's disease.

An electron microscopic immunohistochemical localization of thyroglobulin (TG) using PAP methods from Epok-812 embedded tissues has been made in human thyroids obtained from 15 patients with treated Basedow's disease aged 13 to 43 years. Follicular cells vary considerably in shape and content of cytoplasmic organelles depending mainly upon the size of follicles. Reaction product for TG coincided well with previous investigations studied by electron microscopic autoradiography and is strongly positive in most follicular lumina having no relation to their size, reabsorbed colloid droplets or small subapical vesicles. The reabsorbed colloid droplets are rarely observed in cells surrounding distended follicles and more frequently appeared in small follicles. The reabsorbed colloid droplets after fusion with lysosomes show a variable amount of reaction products from intense deposition to a complete absence of product indicating hydrolysis of TG by lysosomal enzymes. There is no reaction product in rough endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus in spite of positive reaction product in the subapical vesicles. These subapical vesicles are composed of both endocytotic and exocytotic vesicles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Cervical thymoma and incidence of cervical thymus.

A case of cervical thymoma in a 51-year-old female is reported. The tumor was located on the left side of the anterior neck just beneath the left lower lobe of the thyroid gland and there was no connection to the mediastinal thymus gland. It was well encapsulated and lobulated on the cut-surface. Histologically, the tumor showed a mixed proliferation of lymphocytes and epithelial cells. Mitoses were frequently seen. Several tiny fragments of ectopic thymic tissue were found around the tumor. Cervical thymic tissue, considered to be the original site of the cervical thymoma, was studied and found macroscopically in 12 out of 657 patients with Basedow's disease (1.8%).

Female↗
PubMed1983

Immunoelectron microscopic localization of thyroglobulin in human follicular adenoma.

An electron microscopic immunohistochemical localization of thyroglobulin (TG) using PAP methods has been made in 15 cases of cold follicular adenoma. All cases of follicular adenoma showed organ specific functions such as synthesis, storage, reabsorption, and hydrolysis of thyroglobulin except for an area composed of follicular cells with trabecular arrangement. Immuno-reaction product for TG was precisely demonstrated in follicular lumina, subapical vesicles and reabsorbed colloid droplets. The reaction product observed in the follicular lumen was clearly demarcated from the cytoplasm of the follicular cells by the apical plasma membrane. The subapical vesicles ranging approximately from 50 millimicrons to 300 millimicrons in diameter were rarely observed in follicular adenoma and some of them fused with the reabsorbed colloid droplets. The reabsorbed colloid droplets usually had the intense reaction product and hydrolyzed colloid droplets had a vacuole containing floccular low electron dense materials. There is no reaction product in rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[The effect of intravesical chemotherapy on superficial urinary bladder cancer].

The effect of intravesical chemotherapy on superficial urinary bladder cancer was analysed. Fifty-nine patients with low-staged, low-grade bladder cancer were treated with intravesical instillation of three anticancer drugs (adriamycin, carbazilquinone and bleomycin). Complete response (CR) was observed in 15 out of 42 patients and partial response (PR) in 9 patients. Overall, a better response rate was observed with adriamycin and carbazilquinone than with bleomycin. Papillary tumors responded well to these intravesical chemotherapies compared to the non-papillary tumors . Intravesical recurrence of tumors was evaluated in 68 patients who received intravesical instillation of these three drugs after TUR of tumors. The actuarial recurrence rate of 68 patients was 11, 22 and 34% within 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively. These rates were significantly lower than that of TUR therapy alone. No serious side effect was seen in these patients. From these results, it is noted that intravesical chemotherapy is a useful approach for controlling superficial urinary bladder cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Carcinoma in diverticulum of female urethra--a case report and review of the literature].

A case of carcinoma in urethral diverticulum is herein reported. The patient was a 58-year-old housewife presenting with the complaint of dysuria. Physical examination revealed a hen-egg-sized cystic mass at the anterior vaginal wall. Complete excision of the diverticulum was performed transvestibulary. Pathologically, it was described as papillary adenocarcinoma. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and she was discharged. She was readmitted because of recurrence of tumor 9 months after the first operation. Forty-five cases including this case are reviewed and discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗