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Biomedical subjects

S Ninomiya

Publications and source records attributed to S Ninomiya.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

General pharmacological properties of cilostazol, a new antithrombotic drug. Part I: Effects on the central nervous system.

The pharmacological effects of the new platelet aggregation inhibitor cilostazol (6-(4-(1-cyclohexyl-1 H-tetrazol-5-yl)butoxy]-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone, OPC-13013) on the central nervous system were studied. Cilostazol had little effect on the general behavior of mice up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg p.o. and caused disappearance of pinna reflex, alertness and startle response and slight ptosis in only one of 6 rats at a dose of 1000 mg/kg p.o. Cilostazol had little effect on spontaneous movement and motor coordination in mice and did not potentiate hexobarbital-induced hypnosis, antagonize methamphetamine-induced hypermotor activity, cause muscle relaxation or have an anticonvulsant effect. Cilostazol did not affect normal body temperature but slightly antagonized reserpine-induced hypothermia at 300 mg/kg p.o. in mice. Cilostazol did not show an analgesic effect by Haffner's method, but it did slightly inhibit acetic acid-induced writhing at doses higher than 300 mg/kg p.o. in mice. The inhibitory effect was considered to be due to its peripheral effect. Cilostazol had little effect on discriminated avoidance response in rats, EEG arousal response in rabbits or spinal reflex in cats. However, it did slightly increase the slow wave until about 2 h after administration at 1000 mg/kg p.o., but the slow-wave sleep period did not tend to persist for a long period. These results suggest that cilostazol had little effect on the central nervous system.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1984

[Natural courses of coxarthrosis and indication of rotational acetabular osteotomy].

Many factors may influence the development of the secondary osteoarthritis which might have originated from congenital dislocation, subluxation, or acetabular dysplasia of the hip. Accurate prediction of the development of osteoarthritis may be essential to initiate a proper treatment for those patients. We studied whether various acetabular indices could serve as the parameters in predicting the future degenerative changes. Our findings indicated that those indicators did not suggest the future course of the development of osteoarthritis. However, osteoarthritis may appear in younger ages when CE angle is extremely low. And the assessment of the hip congruity has an important factor in predicting any osteoarthritic changes. In those cases, the deranged anatomy of the hip must be corrected to prevent further development of osteoarthritis. There is a wide range of choices for the operative treatment of the dysplastic hip. We are doing the uniquely designed acetabular osteotomy since 1968. This procedure, rotational acetabular osteotomy, is basically the same as Wagner's spherical acetabular osteotomy, or Eppright's dial osteotomy, in which a circumacetabular osteotomy is also done. This operation is indicated for those patients whose hips show such incongruity that degenerative arthritis is inevitable, or in the early stage of degenerative arthritis. We discussed the indications of rotational acetabular osteotomy, by comparing clinically and roentgenologically with the cases in which natural courses were followed up for a long time.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1984

Rotational acetabular osteotomy for the dysplastic hip.

A circumacetabular osteotomy of the acetabulum was initially done at the University of Tokyo Hospital by one of us (H. T.) in 1968. This procedure, which rotates the acetabulum, was designed to correct a dysplastic acetabulum in adolescents and adults. The surgical exposure combines both an anterior and a posterior approach. Between 1974 and 1982 this operation was performed on 103 patients (120 hips) with acetabular dysplasia, some showing early degenerative arthritis. The forty-five hips (forty-one patients) that form the basis of this report were followed for three years to eight years and ten months (average, four years and six months). Thirty hips showed only acetabular dysplasia, and fifteen were in the early stage of degenerative arthritis. The ages of the patients at the time of operation ranged from eleven to forty-two years, the majority being in the second or third decade of life. All of the forty-five hips had a preoperative center-edge angle of 10 degrees or less, but most of them had a nearly normal value after surgery. In the majority of the hips either limp or pain with exertion, or both, had disappeared, and a satisfactory range of motion had been restored.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1980

A new socket design for the dysplastic acetabulum in total hip replacement.

A special socket was designed by holography for total hip replacement for the treatment of the dysplastic acetabulum and correction of the deformation pattern. Excellent clinical results of 12 cases demonstrate that the special socket design provides good stability as well as favorable redistribution of mechanical forces about the hip joint.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1980

[Painful hip joint with epiphyseal dysplasia (author's transl)].

Among patients who visited our hip clinic, eighteen patients from ten families were diagnosed as mild or atypical cases of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia or multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. Clinical and X-ray examinations of these patients showed common characteristic features as follows. 1. They usually had short stature but were not dwarfs. Their facial features and body proportions did not suggest hereditary bone dysplasia. 2. Although the disease might be transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner, its occurrence among these families was found to be sporadic. 3. Symptoms of the hip joint mainly resulted from limited range of motion, coxalgia being usually less than expected from X-ray findings. 4. Joints were always affected bilaterally although the degree might be different on each side. 5. In the majority of the cases, the spine, shoulder (in 7 cases), knee (in 6 cases), elbow (in 3 cases), ankle, and wrist joint (in 2 cases) were also affected. 6. Characteristic X-ray findings of the hip joints were as follows. a) Coxa vara, flattening or rectanglar deformity of the femoral head and shortening of the femoral neck. b) The trabecular pattern of the femoral head was irregular and subchondral cysts were often observed. c) Joint space was relatively better restored than expected from the deformity and subchondral bony changes of the femoral head. Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia are genetic disorders of the epiphyseal and apophyseal cartilage. The hip joint is loading greater mechanical force than any other joint. In both spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, the hip joint is always affected. As the hip joint is most vulnerable when there is some disorder of the epiphyseal cartilage, it is probably the only detectable abnormal joint. In relatively short period (1972-1978), the diagnosis of mild or atypical spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia was made in 18 patients in our hip clinic. This means that the mild or atypical cases of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia is not so rare as expected. They might be misdiagnosed as aseptic necrosis, deformity of the femoral head due to Perthes disease or primary osteoarthrosis. An extreme care should be taken when we examine such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis. A study of 68 cases in the eastern half area of Japan.

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is an uncommon disease among children in Japan. Eighty-one hips in 68 patients collected in the eastern half area of Japan were examined and studies in reference to the incidence, clinical characteristics, and results of treatment. The estimated yearly incidence rate in boys was 0.3 to 0.5 per 100,000 in the population between 10 and 14 years old. The higher incidence of boys (a 5.8 to 1 predilection for males) was characteristic. The disease was extremely rare in girls. Although Japanese children are generally neither as tall nor as heavy as Americans or Europeans, these patients were relatively taller and also much heavier than average. One of the reasons why children of Japan are not susceptible to slipped epiphysis may be explained by the Japanese physique. Satisfactory results were found in less than half the cases. Poor results were mainly caused by complications such as avascular necrosis and acute cartilage necrosis. The incidence of the latter complication was 20.7 per cent in 58 hips followed longer than a year and a half. The method of treatment seems not necessarily related to the development of chondrolysis. This complication is caused by an unknown genetic factor.

Adolescent↗