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Biomedical subjects

S Ninomiya

Publications and source records attributed to S Ninomiya.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Measurement of pressure in the carpal canal before and after endoscopic management of carpal tunnel syndrome.

In forty-six patients who had carpal tunnel syndrome, a technique of continuous infusion, given under local anesthesia and without a pneumatic tourniquet, was used to measure pressures in the carpal canal before and after endoscopic release of the transverse carpal ligament (retinaculum flexorum manus). Pressures were similarly measured in sixteen subjects in a control group. The mean preoperative pressures were significantly higher in the patients who had carpal tunnel syndrome than in the patients in the control group when the pressures were measured under four conditions: with the wrist in the resting position, with active grip, and with maximum passive extension and flexion of the wrist. The mean pressures improved significantly postoperatively and were in the range of values that were found under each condition for the control group. Measurement of pressure in the carpal canal before and after operation may be useful in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome and in determining the effectiveness of endoscopic management.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Rotational acetabular osteotomy for the severely dysplastic hip in the adolescent and adult.

Rotational acetabular osteotomy performed since 1968 is a circumacetabular osteotomy of the acetabulum for the dysplastic hip. The preoperative center-edge angle of Wiberg of 95 hips (89 patients) was -15 degrees or less. Forty-one hips (39 patients) form the basis of this report. They were followed from four years to 16 years and seven months (average, seven years and nine months). Twenty-one hips were classified as the Severin Group IV (subluxation) and 20 hips as the Severin Group V (a secondary acetabulum). A detailed assessment using a number of roentgenographic indices confirmed that the majority of the severely dysplastic hips could be corrected to nearly normal anatomy. The postoperative clinical results were assessed by the modified clinical classification of Severin proposed by Gibson and Benson. This procedure may be indicated for the severely dysplastic hip with subluxation or a secondary acetabulum in the adolescent and adult.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology in the femoral head].

To correlate the magnetic resonance (MR) images with the histopathological findings in the femoral head, the histopathology of 24 femoral heads, 15 with osteonecrosis, five with osteoarthritis and four with other hip disorders were subjected to preoperative MR imaging which demonstrated low intensity areas due to long T1 relaxation time in the femoral head. The MR signal was low where fibrovascular tissue, disintegrated fibrovascular tissue, amorphous necrotic material, bone, or cartilagenous tissue occupied the medullary space. From this study, it seems possible to predict the histopathologic changes in the femoral head using MR images.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Morphological changes of embryonic retina and tectum transplanted into the anterior eye chamber of adult rats].

Primordia of the retina and the tectum of different ages (13 to 20 embryonic days) were transplanted as single or double grafts into the anterior chamber of the eye of normal syngeneic adult rats (Fischer 344). After 2-37 weeks (mostly 4-16 weeks), host rats were sacrificed and their eyeballs were dissected, frozen and sliced to 10 microns thickness and examined histologically by using Nissl and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) stains. Survival of the retinal single grafts, the tectal single grafts and the double grafts of both tissues were 21.7% (5/23), 41.2% (14/34) and 73.9% (17/23), respectively. The single grafts of the retina surviving on the iris of the host anterior chamber were observed through the transparent cornea as an irregular, translucent and whitish masses, inside of which small blood vessels were seen to enter. The grafted tissues contained many darkly stained cells and formed tubular structures of varying sizes and in part exhibited rosette-like structures. The surviving single grafts of the tectum grew forming round, developing tissue on the host iris. The surface of the graft was smooth and vascularized. In Nissl sections, grafts contained large cells densely distributed, in particular in the center of the solid tissues. Areas of strong AChE-positive reaction in the graft were located close to the host iris. Double grafts of the retina and the tectum were observed on the host iris to fuse about 2 weeks after transplantation. On Nissl sections, the retinal part of the grafts of about 2 weeks (short term) of survival demonstrated rosette formation of two (i.e., inner and outer) layers composed of light and dark cells, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Primary osteoarthritis of the hip joint in Japan.

Diagnostic criteria for primary osteoarthritis of the hip joint in the Japanese population were determined by the roentgenographic measurements of the center-edge (CE) angle, the Sharp angle, and the acetabular roof obliquity in 254 normal hips. Primary osteoarthritis must meet the following conditions: (1) absence of femoral head deformities; (2) a CE angle of Wiberg greater than 19 degrees; (3) a Sharp angle less than 45 degrees; and (4) acetabular roof obliquity less than 15 degrees. These measurements are taken from roentgenograms during the early stage of the disease. Under these criteria, primary osteoarthritis accounted for only 0.65% of 2000 consecutive cases of osteoarthritis. Observation of the natural course of primary osteoarthritis revealed two subtypes. The superolateral type developed from the subset of normal hips with a relatively greater degree of acetabular roof obliquity.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1988

Free functional musculocutaneous transfer: electrophysiological studies.

Transplanted autogenous muscles were electrophysiologically studied in 2 patients with forearm crush injury. Only fibrillation action potentials and positive sharp waves were seen at 1 month after the operation. Low-amplitude and short-duration muscular unit potentials (MUPs) appeared at 3 months and high-amplitude, long-duration and polyphasic MUPs were frequently seen at 6-7 months after the transplantation. The distal latencies of the evoked motor responses were gradually shortened from time to time and eventually became normal at about 1 year after the grafting. The mean consecutive difference became normal at about 6 months after the normalization of the distal latencies. We conclude that the motor endplate is functionally completed at about half a year after the completion of the myelination of the grafted nerve.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1987

Projections of extraocular muscle primary afferent neurons to the trigeminal sensory complex in the cat as studied with the transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase.

The central projections of extraocular muscle primary afferent neurons were examined in the cat by means of transganglionic axonal transport of wheat germ agglutinin-conjugated horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP). Injections of the extraocular muscle with WGA-HRP resulted in transganglionic terminal labeling within the ipsilateral trigeminal sensory complex. Although the density of trigeminal projections varied among cases, labeled axons and terminals were heavily and consistently found within the rostroventral portion of the pars oralis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus. The caudal part of the trigeminal principal sensory nucleus occasionally contained moderate labeling but very few deposits of HRP reaction product were noted in the pars interporalis and pars caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mutagenicity of a series of N-alkyl-, N-hydroxyalkyl-, N-haloalkyl- and N-carboxyalkyl-N-nitrosoureas in Escherichia coli tester strains: dependence on the uvrA DNA-repair system.

A series of N-alkyl-, N-hydroxyalkyl-, N-haloalkyl- and N-carboxyalkyl-N-nitrosoureas and some related derivatives were tested for mutagenicity in E. coli B (Arg-) H/r30R (wild-type) and its isogenic Hs30R (uvrA) tester strains. Mutagenic potency in Hs30R, in general, appears to depend on the substituent (-OH, -OCH3, -halogen, -COO- or -COOCH3) on the alkyl group, rather than the chain length or branching of the alkyl group. On the other hand, mutagenic potency in the wild-type H/r30R strain depends on buliness of the substituent and alkyl moiety. The term "uvrA-dependence" of mutation frequency is then defined as the ratio of the mutation frequency in Hs30R versus that in H/r30R at 1 mM dose of mutagens. Its dependence on structure is also discussed. A good correlation was found with the van der Waals volume of the substituted alkyl group, except for compounds having a carboxyalkyl or a branched alkyl group. The carboxyalkyl derivatives are the most weakly mutagenic and most seriously "uvrA-dependent", probably due to the negative charge of the molecule. The possibility of forming epoxides and lactones from N-hydroxyalkyl- and N-carboxyalkyl-N-nitrosoureas, respectively, and their participation in mutagenic potency are discussed. An attempt to correlate the partition property and activation rate of the N-nitrosoureas with mutagenic characteristics proved unsuccessful.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Three-loop technique for A2 pulley reconstruction.

A three-loop technique of secondary A2 pulley reconstruction has been developed by the authors. This method was applied to six fingers of six patients. The average follow-up period was 21 months and ranged from a minimum of 9 months to a maximum of 3 years. Total active motion of metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal joints improved by 30 degrees on the average from the preoperative 175 degrees to the postoperative 205 degrees. Similarly, tip palm distance showed an improvement of 10 mm on the average from the preoperative 32 mm to the postoperative 22 mm. Satisfactory grip functions were restored for all patients after the secondary pulley reconstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging and histopathology in femoral head necrosis.

We correlated preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) images and histopathology of eight femoral heads from patients with osteonecrosis. The signal intensity of the MR image was low in the area where fibrovascular tissue, disintegrated fibrovascular tissue, or amorphous necrotic material occupied the medullary space. On the other hand, the necrotic marrow without revascularization showed high signal intensity. Osteonecrosis can be detected by MR imaging as soon as a certain amount of bone marrow is replaced by fibrovascular tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Subcutaneous operation and examination under the universal endoscope].

Endoscopes are mainly used to study the internal structures of organs and tissues with inherent space. These include the gastrointestinal tract, abdominal space and joint space. The standard endoscope, however, cannot be used to evaluate tissues without such space. We have invented a new type of operation tube to be used with the arthroscope. This combination enables us to study subcutaneous soft tissues without inherent space. Our new device is a powerful tool to be used for evaluation of subcutaneous soft tissues in any part of the body. Surgical procedures can also be carried out with this device. Areas of future applications of our device will be extremely wide including orthopaedic surgery, plastic surgery and general surgery. The presentation will discuss the procedure for utilizing this new instrument.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Study on the toxicity of SF-1008C (I): Acute toxicity study in mice and rats].

The oral acute toxicity studies of SF-1008C, an elemental diet for hepatic failure, and its components (peptide and rice oil) were evaluated in ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. The following results were obtained. Mortality; The minimum lethal doses for SF-1008C in male and female mice and rats were higher than 40 g/kg. The minimum lethal doses for peptide in male and female mice and rats were higher than 6 g/kg. The minimum lethal doses for rice oil in male and female mice and rats were higher than 20 ml/kg. General symptoms; the major signs observed were loose stool in the mice treated with SF-1008C, yellowish brown urine in the rats treated with SF-1008C or peptide and diarrhea in the rats treated with rice oil. Body weight and food consumption; decrease in food consumption and slight decrease in body weight gain were observed in the female mice treated with SF-1008C, peptide and rice oil, but the decrease was not dose-dependent. Decrease in food consumption was also observed in the male and female rats treated with of SF-1008C and rice oil, but the decrease was not dose-dependent. Body weight, however, did not show significant change in any group of rats. Gross pathology; no drug-related changes in organs and tissues were observed by necropsy in any group of mice or rats. Based on these results, the acute toxicities of SF-1008C and its components were low, respectively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Study on the toxicity of SF-1008C (II): Subacute toxicity study in rats].

The toxicity of an elemental diet (SF-1008C) for hepatic failure and recovery after administration were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were orally administered the drug in doses of 10, 20 and 30 g/kg/day for five weeks, after which, recovery was studied for five weeks. The results were summarized as below: In the 30 g/kg/day group, decreases in food and water consumption were observed, while the body weight gain and the rate of body weight gain were high compared to the treated control group. In addition, urinary pH and serum total protein were lower, and serum glucose and calcium levels were higher than in the treated control group, but these results were not considered to be due to the drug's toxicity. In the 20 and 10 g/kg/day groups, a slight decrease in food consumption was observed, though the rate of body weight gain was higher than in the treated control group. Slight decreases in urinary pH and serum total protein were observed, but were not considered to be due to the toxic effect of the drug. From the above results, it was concluded that the maximal non-effect dose of SF-1008C in oral administration was 30 g/kg/day, which was the maximally applicable dose in rats.

Administration, Oral↗