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Biomedical subjects

S Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to S Murakami.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Biliary cystadenoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts: report of a case and review of the literature.

Benign neoplasms of the extrahepatic bile ducts are rare and there have only been thirteen reported cases of cystadenoma. One case of cystadenoma of the common hepatic duct and solitary hepatic cyst is presented here and a total of fourteen cases are reviewed. The patient was a 45 year old woman, who complained of abdominal pain with rigidity, but without jaundice. Ultrasonography of the liver showed a 6 cm cyst of the right lobe. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography revealed a multilobular cystic mass. At emergency laparotomy, a polypoid multilobular tumor with a stalk was found hanging from the common hepatic duct and was excised. Almost all the patients reported were middle age woman with jaundice. Preoperative diagnosis was made possible by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography or ultrasonography. The treatment of choice was complete excision. In three cases, a solitary hepatic cyst accompanied the cystadenoma of the common hepatic duct.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone by rectal cancer--a case report.

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) is commonly observed in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. We report here a rare case of SIADH induced by rectal cancer. Laboratory findings showed that the serum sodium concentration and serum osmolarity were low, and that the ADH level was high. Resection of the rectal cancer resulted in a complete correction of the associated inappropriate ADH. The titer of the rectal cancer tissue proved to be high (80 pg/g).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Measurements of serum-free thyroid hormone concentrations by ultrafiltration--a comparison with equilibrium dialysis and mathematical calculation.

An ultrafiltration method (UF) for measuring free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) using the Diaflow YM membrane (Centricon-10) is described. The results are compared with those by equilibrium dialysis (ED) and also by mathematical calculations derived from T4, T3, and binding protein concentrations. The precision with the UF method was excellent. The normal ranges of FT4 and FT3 by the three methods are all comparable. There was a high degree of correlation of FT4 or FT3 results by UF with those by ED and by calculation (r = 0.940-0.974, n = 161, P less than 0.001). FT4 and FT3 by all methods agreed well for hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and for patients with low T4-binding globulin. The mean FT3 in pregnancy was lower than the normal value for all methods, and FT4 concentrations by UF and calculation also decreased in late pregnancy. The mean FT4 by UF and ED in low T3 syndrome were significantly higher than in the normal controls, while the calculated FT4 was lower. The FT3 in low T3 syndrome distributed normal to subnormal in all methods. These results indicate that a) the UF method is a reliable reference method for measuring FT4 and FT3 concentrations; b) the UF results agree well with those by ED and also with theoretically derived values in subjects with thyroid diseases and TBG abnormalities; c) for patients with low T3 syndrome, the FT4 results obtained by UF and ED are similarly discrepant from the calculated results, implying the existence of binding inhibitor(s) which affect both UF and ED measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Cold-adaptation of human rotavirus.

A human rotavirus strain was cold-adapted for possible future use as a live vaccine. The original strain was isolated in 1980 in primary cynomolgus monkey kidney cells and has a serotype I and subgroup II antigenicity. The virus was serially passaged in African green monkey kidney cells; it was cultivated at 37 degrees C at the first stage of passages, and the cultivation temperature was then shifted down stepwise by 3 degrees C per each 10 passages. Finally the virus was passaged 10 times at 25 degrees C (total passage number of 55). The virus formed small-size plaques with irregular shaped borders at 31 degrees C. Growth at 25 degrees C of the cold-adapted virus was higher than that of the original virus. There was no difference between the migration patterns of 11 dsRNA segments in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the original and the cold-adapted viruses.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

A rapid and simplified extraction of haloperidol from plasma or serum with bond elut C18 cartridge for analysis by high performance liquid chromatography.

This method for the determination of haloperidol (HAL) in plasma is based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a reversed-phase column, ODS-C18. HAL is rapidly extracted from human plasma by using Bond Elut C18 cartridge and its recovery is over 90%. The mobile phase is a mixture of 1% acetate/acetonitrile/tetrahydrofuran/triethylamine (69.5: 28.2:1.9:0.4, by vol.). The method is rapid, simple and free from intereferences and gives good precision.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Phenotypic and genotypic analysis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia with T lymphoblastic and megakaryoblastic mixed crisis.

A case of blast crisis in chronic myelogeneous leukaemia (CML) in which two distinct cell lineages were involved is presented. The phenotype of blasts in lymph nodes was T11 (CD2)+, Ia+, TdT+, suggesting T cell lineage. On the other hand, blasts in bone marrow and peripheral blood expressed platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex on their surface, suggesting megakaryocyte lineage. Cytogenetic analysis of lymph node and bone marrow cells revealed the abnormalities, inv(7) (p15q34) and t(1;3) (q23;q21), respectively, as well as the presence of the Ph1 chromosome in both cell types. Rearrangement of the T cell receptor beta-chain gene was detected in lymph node blasts, although blast cells in peripheral blood showed a germ line configuration. The involvement of T cell and megakaryocyte lineages in the blast crisis phase of CML was confirmed in our phenotypic and genotypic analysis, and the pathogenic association between blast crisis lineages and the additional chromosome abnormalities present is discussed.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analysis of fetal mediobasal hypothalamic tissue transplanted into the aged rat brain.

MBH tissue, which included the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of fetal or neonatal rats, was transplanted into the third ventricle of aged (21-30-month-old) female rats. The brain and ovaries of each recipient were examined histologically 3 or 4 weeks after transplantation. Four grafted MBH tissues were examined ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically 4 weeks after transplantation. The appearance of the MBH grafts was similar to that of normal neural tissue. The neuropil in the grafts was fully occupied with numerous axons, dendrites, and glial processes. A number of axodendritic shaft and spine synapses were observed in the neuropil. Immunohistochemical analysis with antiserum to TH revealed stained (immunoreactive) neuronal perikarya and processes in the grafts. TH-immunoreactive processes originating from the TH-positive neurons in the grafts could be seen to extend across the graft-host interface. The ovaries of six out of nine females that received MBH grafts exhibited follicles of various sizes and healthy appearing corpora lutea. On the other hand, some follicles and masses of interstitial cells were prominent in the ovaries of the intact animals or controls that had received cortical grafts. In the females that received MBH grafts, the ovarian weight was significantly greater than that in the controls. These results suggest that the neural substrates in fetal MBH tissue can survive and develop well in the aged rat brain and that MBH grafts may play some role in the recovery of declined ovarian function in aged female rats.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Production of metalloproteinase in gastric tissue with acetic acid-induced ulcer or taurocholic acid-induced gastritis.

A metalloproteinase was extracted from a medium of cultured gastric tissues following acetic acid-induced ulcer or taurocholic acid-induced gastritis, and the enzyme was partially purified by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. This proteinase was released in active and latent forms with apparent molecular weights of 170,000 and 210,000, respectively. Its activity was abolished by treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or 1,10-phenanthroline, but not with phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride or soybean trypsin inhibitor. This enzyme degraded type I gelatin and type IV collagen but did not attack type I collagen. In contrast, very little of this enzyme was released from gastric tissue following erosion caused by water-immersion stress or from normal gastric tissue. These results suggest that this metalloproteinase plays an important role in gastric lesions by breaking down the basement membrane.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

Evidence for a digitalis-like substance in the hypothalamopituitary axis in rats: implications in the central cardiovascular regulation associated with an excess intake of sodium.

The origin and the physiological role of an endogenous digitalis-like substance were investigated by measuring both the digoxin-like substance by a digoxin radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the inhibitory activity on the ouabain sensitive Na+,K+-ATPase in rats. The digitalis-like substance was in high concentration in the pituitary, and in decreasing concentration in the hypothalamus, adrenal and the other organs as measured by RIA using an antibody raised from a goat. However, the adrenal showed the highest content of digitalis-like substance as measured by the antibody raised from a rabbit. The plasma level markedly decreased during a 2-week sodium-loading, and the adrenal content decreased markedly on hypophysectomy as measured with the rabbit-antibody. Therefore, the substance measured with the rabbit-antibody must be one of ACTH-dependent adrenal steroids. The inhibitory activity on the Na+,K+-ATPase was high in the pituitary gland, and was decreased in order of the adrenal, hypothalamus and other organs. The 2-week sodium-loading increased both the content in the pituitary gland and the output in the urine, and decreased the hypothalamic content. Immunohistochemical staining of the hypothalamus with the antibody revealed that the immunoreactivity is restricted to the neurons of the paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, magnocellular accessory nuclei and extended their fibers reaching to the inner layer of the median eminence. To determine the role of the substance in the brain, the crude extract dissolved in artificial cerebrospinal fluid was injected into the lateral ventricle; vasopressor responses, tachycardia and hyperactivity of the splanchnic nerve lasting for more than 30 min were recorded, which resembled the responses to ouabain injected similarly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma].

Significant research evidence has demonstrated an association between persistent infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the generation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). These findings are based on epidemiologic studies, molecular studies and studies of HBV like viruses. Epidemiologically, the geographic correlation between HBV infection and HCC, serum HBsAg in patients with HCC, familial clustering of HCC, prospective studies, and pathological studies are discussed. Molecular studies of HBV, the structure of HBV DNA as related to retroviruses and integration of HBV DNA into the host DNA are demonstrated. The structure and replication of HBV are somewhat similar to those of retroviruses. The incidence of HBV DNA integration into the host chromosome of the patients with HBV infection is high. The structure of integrated HBV DNA sequences and flanking sequences was analyzed in many cases. However, none of the classical mechanisms of viral oncogenesis has thus far been demonstrated. The role of HBV in HCC is not understood at the molecular level. HBV may act as just an initiator, or HBV DNA integration may have an active role in liver cancer. The woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) is the most oncogenic and suitable animal model. Using this model, we show some results of our experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Advanced gastric cancer with DIC and multiple bone metastasis treated with surgical resection and chemotherapy].

Endoscopic examination of a 35-year-old patient complaining of tarry stool, palpitation and lumbago led to a diagnosis of gastric cancer of Borrmann type 4. Laboratory data and bone scintigraphy revealed findings of DIC and multiple bone metastasis. He was treated with continuous intravenous infusion of FOY, but laboratory data with DIC went from bad to worse. It was considered that resection of the tumor was effective for DIC, then total gastrectomy and partial transverse colonectomy were performed, and the patient recovered from DIC. For the multiple bone metastasis, he received chemotherapy using cisplatinum and mitomycin C, and subsequent bone scintigraphy showed a dramatic improvement. Doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil controlled peritoneal dissemination of the cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Enzymatic sulfation of gastric mucous glycoprotein in rat--changes in glycoprotein sulfotransferase activity with stress and anti-ulcer agent, sofalcone.

Enzymatic sulfation of mucous glycoprotein (GP) was studied in gastric mucosa of rat. After rat stomach was incubated with [35S]-sulfate, incorporation of radioactivity into gastric mucosal APS (adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate), PAPS (3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate) and endogenous GPs could be detected. The degree of sulfation of endogenous GPs was highest in the macromolecular GP (peak I) and lowest in the low molecular GP (peak III). By using a crude preparation of GP sulfotransferase from rat gastric mucosa, the transfer of [35S]-sulfate from [35S]-PAPS into macromolecular mucous GP was determined as being the activity of sulfotransferase. The activity of GP sulfotransferase was mainly distributed in the microsomal fraction, and was proportional to the incubation time, substrate (mucous GP) concentration and [35S]-PAPS concentration. The enzyme activity was significantly higher in the corpus than that in the antral mucosa. The activity of GP sulfotransferase was significantly decreased at 6 h and was significantly increased at 12 h after the stress load, compared with that of the non-stressed condition. Anti-ulcer agent, sofalcone, increased the GP sulfotransferase activity under the stressed condition. On the other hand, cimetidine showed a significant inhibitory effect under the same condition. Changes in the GP sulfotransferase activity with stress and anti-ulcer agents were consistent with those in the incorporation of [35S]-sulfate into macromolecular mucous GP. These results suggest the importance of GP sulfotransferase as a key enzyme regulating the sulfation of mucous GP.

Animals↗