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Biomedical subjects

S Murakami

Publications and source records attributed to S Murakami.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Different effect of prostaglandin E2 on B-cell activation by two distinct B-cell differentiation factors, B151-TRF1/IL-5 and B151-TRF2: selective inhibition of B151-TRF2-induced antibody response through increases in intracellular cyclic AMP levels.

Effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on murine B-cell activation induced by two distinct B-cell differentiation factors, B151-TRF1/IL-5 and B151-TRF2, were examined. A final differentiation of unprimed B cells into IgM-producing cells induced by B151-TRF2 was markedly inhibited by PGE2 at physiological concentrations (around 10(-8) M), whereas B151-TRF1/IL-5- induced antibody responses of unprimed as well as activated B cells were not affected by PGE2, even at 10(-6) M. B-cell responses induced by B151-TRF2-like factors from autoimmune-prone MRL/lpr mice were also inhibited by PGE2. Biphasic increases in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels were induced by culturing B cells with 10(-6) or 10(-8) M PGE2: rapid increases within 8 min and delayed increases around 16 hr. The direct addition of dibutyryl cAMP to cultures of B cells resulted in marked inhibition of antibody responses when stimulated with B151-TRF2 but not with B151-TRF1/IL-5. The B151-TRF2-induced antibody responses were also inhibited by cAMP-elevating reagents such as forskolin, cholera toxin and theophylline. Furthermore, 2'.5'-dideoxyadenosine, which is an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, prevented the PGE2-mediated cAMP accumulation in unprimed B cells as well as the PGE2-mediated inhibition of B151-TRF2-induced B-cell responses when added at the initiation of culture. These results suggest that PGE2 inhibits B151-TRF2-induced antibody responses through the activation of adenylate cyclase and subsequent accumulation of intracellular cAMP, whereas B151-TRF1/IL-5-responsive B cells are resistant to the inhibitory effect of PGE2 and cAMP.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Histological effects of endocrine therapy for prostatic cancer in relation to clinical course.

In order to evaluate histological changes in cases of prostatic cancer following endocrine therapy, 25 extensive specimens were removed from prostates during periods of local control, and were examined with respect to prognosis. Shortly after the commencement of the endocrine therapy, there were noticeable degenerative changes in the cancer cells as well as structural changes such as desquamation of cells and loss of cancer nests. Later than two months from the start of therapy, stromal changes such as fibrosis and scar formation appeared. Coagulation necrosis of tumor tissue, inflammatory cell infiltration and granulomatous reactions were not as prominent. Within the first two months of treatment, the endocrine therapy uniformly affected the cancer tissues to some extent. After then, some showed relapsing viable cells in a part of the tumor, being judged to be no response. The others continued to respond to the therapy. The response was estimated as marked when such therapeutic changes appeared diffusely and profoundly over the tissues removed. Patients with a marked response had a good prognosis, indicating histological evaluation after endocrine therapy to provide a prognostic factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[PTCA and coronary artery bypass operation prior to subsequent surgery of gastric cancer in patients with coronary artery disease].

Two patients with coronary artery disease required operation for gastric cancer. In one patient with single vessel disease, 37 days later after successful PTCA, gastric resection for early gastric cancer was performed without any cardiac complication. The other patient with severe three vessel disease initially underwent coronary artery bypass operation, and 13 days later gastric resection for advanced cancer was performed. This patient developed supraventricular arrhythmia as a sole complication which was easily controlled by medical treatment. In both cases, fentanyl was used as an anesthetic agent and nitroglycerin was continuously administered intravenously during the perioperative period. ECG, central venous pressure, and direct arterial pressure were also carefully monitored. We feel that noncardiac operation such as gastric resection can be performed without major cardiac complications even shortly after coronary artery bypass operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[T cell receptor delta chain gene rearrangement in acute unclassified leukemia].

A 31 year-old male who was treated with radiation under the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was admitted to our hospital because of systemic erythema and tumor of bilateral upper arms in October, 1987. Leucocyte count of peripheral blood showed 4,400/microliters with 36% leukemic cells and bone marrow was hypercellular with 85.6% leukemic cells. Leukemic cells were negative for peroxidase reaction and lineage specific monoclonal antibodies such as CD3, CD4, CD8, CD10, CD19 and CD20. T cell receptor (TCR) delta gene was rearranged but TCR beta, TCR gamma and immunoglobulin (Ig) genes were in germline configuration. He was treated with combination regimen of doxorubicin, vindesine, prednisolone and L-asparaginase, and complete remission was obtained. These observations suggest that TCR delta gene rearrangement is useful for determination of clonality in cases without rearrangements of the other TCR and Ig genes.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Second surgical intervention for contralateral recurrence or second primary lung cancer].

Resection of contralateral lung cancer (6 cases of pulmonary metastasis from the first lung cancer and one case of second primary lung cancer) were evaluated retrospectively in terms of postoperative complication, pulmonary function and survival rate. Out of 691 cases with resected non small cell lung cancer, 7 cases (1.0%) had contralateral lung cancer which were resected as the second operation. Six cases were squamous cell carcinoma and one case was adenocarcinoma. The interval between the first and the second operation was 12 months to 10 years (average 46 months). The post-operative stage of first lung cancer were stage I in 5 cases and stage IIIB in 2 cases, but no case had lymphadenopathy at the first operation. Operative procedures for contralateral lung were as follows; one case of lobectomy----lobectomy, one case of lobectomy----segmentectomy, two cases of lobectomy----partial resection, two cases of pneumonectomy----partial resection. For a metachronous lung cancer, right upper sleeve lobectomy was done as the first operation followed by left lower sleeve lobectomy as the second cancer five years later. Contralateral lung resection impaired pulmonary function, but all cases well tolerated the second operation. The five-years survival rate after second operation was 40.0%.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Successful repair of subacute left ventricular free wall rupture after acute myocardial infarction].

A 67-year-old man sustained free wall rupture of the left ventricle following an acute myocardial infarction 8 hours after percutaneous transluminal coronary recannalization (PTCR). Echocardiography and pericardiocentesis which improved the hemodynamic state confirmed the diagnosis. Under extracorporeal circulation, direct closure was successfully accomplished following resection of ruptured and necrotic anterior left ventricular myocardium. The patient has remained well for 9 months after the operation. Clinical and therapeutic features of subacute cardiac rupture and affecting factors of PTCR were discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Production of IgE antibodies to mite in guinea pigs by nasal immunization.

There has been no report that IgE antibodies can be raised in guinea pigs by immunizations through respiratory tracts. We dropped a 0.1 ml mixture of 50 micrograms mite extract and aluminium hydroxide gel (Alum) into each of both nostrils of 5 guinea pigs. A mite extract alone was dropped into the nostrils of another 5 guinea pigs. The immunization was done every week. IgE antibodies were detected in one of guinea pigs sensitized 5 times with Alum + mite and also in another guinea pig in the same group sensitized 10 times. No IgE antibodies were detected in the animals immunized with mite alone.

Alum Compounds↗
PubMed1989

C-myc-S mu rearrangement in a murine plasmacytoma without visible chromosomal translocations.

We report here that one murine plasmacytoma (DCPC 21) arising in a Balb/c mouse implanted i.p. with a Millipore diffusion chamber lacks any known chromosomal translocations. In situ molecular hybridization analysis of the metaphase spreads of DCPC 21, however, revealed that the c-myc gene has moved to the IgH locus on the chromosome 12. Further, an Ig switch region-mediated recombination was detected. The DNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that the c-myc gene has juxtaposed directly to S mu 5'-flanking sequence in a 'head-to-tail' orientation. The results strongly support our notion that the c-myc rearrangement is an essential step in the genesis of murine plasmacytomas, whether or not they have visible chromosomal translocations.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Airway responsiveness measured by body plethysmograph connecting a circuit of an inhalation system of serially concentrated bronchoconstrictant].

We developed a new methodology to examine the bronchial response to the bronchoconstrictants, acetylcholine and methacholine. An inhalation device was connected to the body plethysmograph circuit so that a minute inhalation of serially concentrated bronchoconstrictant could be quickly switched to the circuit of the measurement of the airway resistance. The following were calculated: airway responsiveness in terms of sensitivity, provocative dose to increase the airway resistance up to 35% from the baseline. PC35 or PD35 and the reactivity, the slope of the declining specific airway conductance and %delta SGaw. The airway responsiveness was examined in asthmatics, COPD outgrew -childhood asthma patients and normal subjects. These three groups were categorised differently from each other in both sensitivity and reactivity.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

Adenocarcinoma of the bladder 29 years after ileocystoplasty.

We report a case of adenocarcinoma found at the bladder site 29 years after ileocystoplasty. The patient was a 43-year-old woman who had undergone a closed-loop type of ileocystoplasty for a small tuberculous contracted bladder when she was 13 years old. The tumor that arose in the bladder site was colonic type adenocarcinoma. Four cases of neoplasm occurring in the ileal portion following ileocystoplasty have been reported in the English and Japanese literature, but no case arising originally in the bladder site has been reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Triploid clone observed at blastic crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia with complex Ph1 translocation (9; 22; 12)].

A 56-year-old female, who was diagnosed as CML in 1983 and had been well controlled with busulfan, was admitted to our hospital because of fever and iliac bone pain. Peripheral blood showed leukocytosis (WBC 70,000/microliters and bone marrow was normocellular with 53% leukemic cells, suggesting that she was in the blastic crisis. Chromosomal analysis of bone marrow cells at that time revealed t (9; 22; 12) and some additional abnormalities. The number of chromosomes ranged from 44 to 131 and the mode of chromosome number was 65. She was treated with combination regimen consisting of vincristine, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone and right iliac tumor was irradiated. Three months after admission, she died of DIC and pulmonary insufficiency due to leukemic infiltration.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1989

[Lung lavage and artificial surfactant replacement therapy--animal experimentation and clinical application].

Lung lavage may cause a surfactant deficient condition. We examined the effect of artificial surfactant replacement on the post-lavage condition in rabbits and in a patient with alveolar pulmonary proteinosis. Adult rabbits (n = 21) were subjected to whole-lung lavage, and the PaO2 was made to decrease to less than 70 mmHg (FIO2 = 1.0). In the replaced group (n = 11), an artificial surfactant which was a saline suspension of lipids (mixture of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and tripalmitin) was administered into the airway. The PaO2 was elevated to a level higher than 400 mmHg at 30 min after the surfactant replacement. On the other hand, the PaO2 in the non-replaced group (n = 10) remained below 100 mmHg. In the patient with alveolar pulmonary proteinosis, we performed the artificial surfactant replacement after the therapeutic lung lavage. By the replacement, the PaO2 increased from 89 mmHg (FIO2 = 1.0) to 128 mmHg. These results demonstrate the therapeutic effects of surfactant replacement on the acute respiratory failure induced by lung lavage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Double minute chromosomes (DMs) in a case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia].

A 71-year old male was admitted to our hospital because of general malaise and fever. Peripheral blood showed Hb 8.1 g/dl, platelet 7.0 X 10(4)/microliters, and WBC 18.100/microliters with 64% leukemic cells. Bone marrow showed normocellularity with 73.4% leukemic cells. They were positive for peroxidase and alpha-naphthyl butyrate esterase stainings. Serum and urine lysozyme levels were elevated. He was diagnosed as having acute myelomonocytic leukemia (M 4 in FAB classification). Chromosome analysis of bone marrow cells showed 45, XY, -17, t (9; 17) (q22; p13) and double minute chromosomes (DMs) were observed in the 50 cells analyzed. A complete remission (CR) was obtained by DCMP regimen, but he relapsed as acute monocytic leukemia (M 5 b in FAB classification) and died 5 months after diagnosis. DMs appear to be rare in acute leukemia and the clinical and etiologic implications of DMs are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A study of ornithine decarboxylase activity in tumor tissue and rectal mucosa in patients with colorectal cancer or adenoma].

Rectal mucosa from normal controls (n = 25) and tumor tissue and rectal mucosa from patients with colorectal cancer (n = 38) and adenoma (n = 35) were biopsied via colonoscopy. Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity was determined in order to study the role of promoters in the process of colorectal carcinogenesis. ODC activity of cancer tissue was significantly higher than that of adenoma tissue. Normal mucosal ODC activity in rectum and sigmoid colon was 2 to 4 times higher than that in the proximal colon. Moreover, rectal mucosal ODC activity was significantly higher in patients with cancer or adenoma than that in normal controls. When ODC activity is regarded as an index of promoter, the possibility is suggested that cancer and adenoma developed in similar mucosa of the large bowel. Furthermore, ODC activity in colon cancer was significantly higher than that in rectal cancer. This suggests the possibility that TPA type promoter assumes a greater role in the process of carcinogenesis of colon cancer than that of rectal cancer.

Adenoma↗