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Biomedical subjects

S Mue

Publications and source records attributed to S Mue.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The single exposure method for inhalation challenge with allergen.

We carried out inhalation challenge with a single exposure to a high concentration of allergen (the single exposure method) on 92 asthmatic patients. With the use of the 3 Hz forced oscillation technique, we could continuously and graphically estimate total respiratory resistance (Rrs) throughout the test. The subjects inhaled aerosolized house dust allergen (1:5 w/v) for 1 min during tidal breathing. As soon as Rrs reached twice that of baseline value or after 10 min from the start of allergen exposure, subjects inhaled aerosolized bronchodilator for 3 min. To evaluate the Rrs response curve to inhaled allergen, we defined provocation time (PT35-Grs) as the time from the start of allergen exposure to the point at which total respiratory conductance (Grs) decreased 35% from its baseline value and appearance time (Ta) as the time from the start of allergen exposure to the beginning of an increase in Rrs. We presume that Ta may reflect bronchial sensitivity to allergen, since Ta significantly correlated with a unit of allergen causing a decrease in FEV1 of 20% (r = 0.66; p less than 0.05) in the dosimeter method. We demonstrated that the single exposure method is comparable to the dosimeter method in evaluating bronchial responses to inhaled allergen and also demonstrated the reproducibility of bronchial response to inhaled allergen with the single exposure method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of SRS-A activities in plasma of asthmatic patients.

Ethanol extracts of arterial blood from 20 of 29 asthmatic patients during attacks produced sustained contractions of the guinea pig ileum. These contractions were inhibited by FPL 55712, a specific antagonist of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). SRS-A activity was significantly higher during attack than during remission. Reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed on two extracts which had shown high SRS-A activity with bioassay. One extract showed double peaks, which had retention times identical to those of leukotriene (LT) C4 and LTD4. The other extract showed a single peak, which had a retention time identical to that of synthetic LTC4.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The participation of the subepithelial airway receptor in the bronchoconstriction of monkeys.

In order to elucidate the mechanism of the bronchial response of monkeys to constrictive stimuli, the effects of pretreatment with aerosolized lidocaine, atropine, and isoproterenol were studied. Treatment with aerosolized lidocaine and atropine not only extinguished the cough reflex, but also decreased bronchial susceptibility to aerosolized methacholine. Moreover, the pretreatment with lidocaine blocked the histamine challenge, but atropine did not. The aerosolized lidocaine decreased the bronchoconstriction induced with methacholine, but not with histamine. Pretreatment with over 1% of isoproterenol did not extinguish the cough reflex. However, this dose of isoproterenol did suppress an increase in Rrs due to the challenge of both methacholine and histamine. Isoproterenol also decreased the bronchoconstriction due to the previous challenge by both methacholine and histamine. The antagonistic effects of lidocaine, atropine, and isoproterenol on the broncho-constriction of monkeys are discussed in relation to the subepithelial receptor.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1985

Late pulmonary response in guinea pigs after ascaris challenge.

Respiratory resistance of guinea pigs immunized with Ascaris suum was measured over 6 hr after aerosol challenge of the allergen by use of the oscillation method. These animals showed a biphasic pulmonary response to the aerosol challenge with Ascaris suum. Histological analysis of these animals revealed a narrowing of bronchial lumen, peribronchial edema and neutrophil-rich mucous in bronchial lumen at the late pulmonary response.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1985

Inhalation provocation test with house dust allergen using tidal breathing.

Using the modified 3-Hz oscillation method, the inhalation challenge test was performed with house dust allergen upon subjects while tidal breathing throughout the test. Their total respiratory resistance (Rrs) was continuously monitored with the inhalation of saline as a control, and 250-, 50-, and 10-fold diluted allergen solution to the inhalation of aerosolized metaproterenol. The starting point of the induced bronchoconstriction was checked and as soon as Rrs increased up to twice the base-line value, the subjects inhaled the aerosolized metaproterenol. From the dose-response curve of Rrs, the dose of inhaled allergen (minimum dose) as bronchial sensitivity was determined; also the decreasing rate of respiratory conductance, which was calculated from the slope of elevation of Rrs, as bronchial reactivity. It was found that the more diluted allergen required for a positive skin reaction, the more likely the patients were to have a subsequent positive bronchial inhalation challenge to house dust allergen. There was a relationship between the increased bronchial reactivity and the increased RAST score. These results indicate that this inhalation challenge test is specific, safe, and time-saving.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1984

The determination of blood histamine in asthmatic patients with a simple and sensitive method.

The histamine level of whole blood and plasma in asthmatic patients was estimated by means of a simple, sensitive and specific method, which was developed to measure low histamine levels. This method consists of the following procedures; the partial purification of histamine with a small P-cellulose column; its further purification with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); and fluorometric detection with precolumn o-phthaldehyde (OPT) reaction. The present assay could detect as little as 0.5 ng of histamine concentration. Blood histamine levels in patient with asthmatic attack, 57 +/- 34 ng/ml (mean +/- S.D. N = 14), were significantly different from those in symptom-free period, 37 +/- 15 ng/ml (N = 15) as well as those in normal subjects, 36 +/- 17 ng/ml (N = 12). However, there were no significant differences among plasma histamine levels in normal subjects, 1.6 +/- 1.7 ng/ml (N = 12) and, in asthmatic patients during attacks, 1.6 +/- 1.8 ng/ml (N = 14) and symptom-free periods, 1.6 +/- 1.7 ng/ml (N = 15). These results indicate that plasma histamine concentration does not increase during asthmatic attacks, even though there was significant increase of blood histamine concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The effect of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on methacholine- and histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in monkeys.

The effect of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on bronchial contraction of monkeys was studied using bronchoconstriction induced by aerosol challenge with methacholine and histamine. Under the anesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride, changes in the total respiratory resistance were continuously measured in monkeys to estimate the bronchial response to both histamine and methacholine. Isoprenaline decreased bronchial susceptibility to aerosol challenge with both methacholine and histamine. Isoprenaline was also potent in antagonizing the bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine and histamine. Atropine decreased bronchial susceptibility to aerosol challenge with methacholine and also partially with histamine. Atropine also antagonized the bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine, but not by histamine. Phentolamine had neither inhibitory effects on the aerosol challenge with methacholine and histamine, nor produced an antagonistic effect on bronchoconstriction induced with methacholine and histamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Inhibitory effects of histamine antagonists on the skin reaction with house dust allergen, histamine and compound 48/80 in Japanese monkeys.

Using the skin of monkeys, we studied the participation of histamine receptors in the immediate skin reaction. Intradermal injection of H2 agonist produced whealing reaction to a significant degree, although this effect was not so remarkable as the effect of H1 agonist. A non-thiourea H2 antagonist showed a significant inhibitory effect on the whealing reaction to allergen, compound 48/80, and histamine. These results suggest that H2 antagonist prevented the whealing reaction by changing the vascular reaction to secreted or exogenous histamine. However, the participation of histamine receptors on dermal mast cells in the immediate skin allergic reaction is still left inconclusive.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The inhibitory effect of isoproterenol and dibutyryl cyclic-AMP on the immediate skin reaction.

The concomitant injection of isoproterenol with house dust allergen inhibited the immediate skin allergic reaction in asthmatic patients. Pretreatment with dibutyryl cyclic AMP showed an inhibitory effect on the whealing formation to the allergen. Those results showed the inhibitory effect of isoproterenol on the skin reaction through increasing intracellular cyclic AMP levels.

Asthma↗
PubMed1982

The bronchodilating effect of acupuncture in patients with acute asthma.

The effectiveness of acupuncture therapy for asthmatic patients was studied by continuous monitoring of the respiratory function. Using the forced 5 Hz oscillating technique, the investigators could estimate the change of total respiratory resistance (Rrs) of asthmatic patients throughout their reception of acupuncture therapy. They performed a single-blind study consisting of a placebo acupuncture, a placebo stimulation and real acupuncture therapy For further control of this study, they selected an easily locatable point for needle placement among the many traditional meridian points. In 10 out of 26 acupuncture therapies. Rrs significantly decreased while in only one of 17 placebo treatments did Rrs decrease.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1980

Bronchial response to methacholine and histamine in monkeys with beta adrenergic blockade.

The possibility has been investigated that propranolol administration could alter bronchial reactivity to methacholine and histamine in monkeys (Macaca fuscata and Macaca fascicularis). The impedance of the total respiratory system was measured by the forced 3-HZ oscillation method through an endotracheal tube. Methacholine and histamine dose-dependently increased the impedance in monkeys irrespective of the route of administration (inhalation of aerosol or intravenous injection). Propranolol treatment increased the bronchial response to intravenously injected methacholine and caused no significant change in the bronchial response to aerosolized methacholine. No marked difference was observed in the bronchial response to histamine due to treatment with propranolol regardless of whether administered by intravenous injection or aerosol challenge.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗