Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Moulopoulos

Publications and source records attributed to S Moulopoulos.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Intraaortic balloon assistance in intractable cardiogenic shock.

The efficacy of intraaortic counterpulsation (IABP) in severe cardiogenic shock after acute myocardial infarction is questioned because of the lack of a large controlled series. Out of 52 patients treated for severe, prolonged cardiogenic shock 3 improved with 'conventional' treatment. Forty-nine patients did not improve and were in 'intractable' shock for an average of 10.74 +/- 7.14 h (means +/- SD). Of these, 34 were treated with IABP. Ten survived longer than a month. Of the remaining 15 patients of similar age, severity and duration of shock, in whom the balloon could not be made to operate, none survived. It is suggested that intraaortic counterpulsation can save a number of patients with severe protracted cardiogenic shock after all other available treatment modalities have failed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of haemodialysis on coronary occlusion-reperfusion ventricular fibrillation.

The effect of (HD) on occlusion-reperfusion (VF) was studied in 22 dogs. The (LAD) coronary artery occlusion lasted 25 min, and followed by reperfusion for 30 min, in 12 dogs with (HD) (group A) and in other 10 dogs (group B) without (HD). A significantly (p less than 0.05) lower frequency of appearance of (VF) during occlusion-reperfusion was seen in the group A undergoing (HD) (2 out of 12 dogs) in comparison to the control group B (7 out of 10 dogs). It is concluded that the (VF) of coronary occlusion-reperfusion can be prevented by a "non-pharmaceutical" intervention such as hemodialysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Effect of heparin on myocardial contractility of the dog and on Na, K-ATPase.

It has recently been reported that heparin administration to rabbits is followed by an inhibition of the Na, K-ATPase of the myocardial sarcolemma. Further investigation of this phenomenon in an experimental animal which enables measurement of changes in myocardial contractility are presented here. The left ventricular pressure and the quotient of its first derivative to its total value (dp/dt/P) were followed for 60 min in 16 anesthetized dogs administered with heparin (700-5000 i.u./kg), as well as in 10 non treated animals. All animals were then sacrificed and myocardial Mg and Na, K-ATPase were assayed. The measured (dp/dt/P)max(Vpm) changes in the heparin treated animals at the 60th min of the experiment were positively correlated to the dose of heparin. A significant increase of Vpm values was observed only in the animals treated with doses of heparin higher than 2000 i.u./kg compared to non heparin group. A significant animals of the heparin group only, this decrease was not dose dependent. It is concluded that very large doses of heparin increase heart contractility by a mechanism probably not directly related to that which caused the Na, K-ATPase inhibition observed following heparin administration. Evidence is presented suggesting that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is involved in the mechanism of this inhibition.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1982

Free fatty acids, central nervous system and bromazepam.

The concentrations of free fatty acids in plasma were estimated in thirty-three subjects, before and after (24 hours and 72 hours) the start of bromazepam oral administration in a daily dose of 6 mg (1.5 mg at 7 a.m., 1.5 mg at 3 p.m. and 3 mg at 11 p.m.). A fourth estimation was performed 72 hours after drug discontinuation. A control group of twelve subjects received a placebo according to the same dosage pattern. In comparison with the first estimation, the subsequent free fatty acid values showed a significant decrease (p less than 0.05, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.001, respectively), whereas the control group showed no significant decrease (p greater than 0.05). The aim of the present article is to present the results of the three day-standard oral administration of bromazepam on free fatty acid concentration of plasma. All the samples, including the control group, were taken from a population free from any disease affecting adipose tissue metabolism.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetics of amiodarone after intravenous and oral administration.

Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in four subjects who received 150 mg amiodarone i.v., in nine subjects who received 200 or 400 mg amiodarone p.o., and in four subjects who received the drug by both routes of administration. Amiodarone concentrations were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Aminodarone levels after i.v. administration, with one exception, declined biphasically according to a two-compartment model. The decline appeared to be monophasic after p.o. administration with one exception. Plasma levels after p.o. administration varied considerably between subjects. The biologic half-life after p.o. administration (mean 17.1 h +/- S.D.) was higher than that calculated for the second phase after i.v. administration (mean 4.3 h +/- 0.98 S.D.). Total clearance rate during the second phase was within the range 125-288 ml/min after i.v. and 114-473 ml/min after p.o. administration. The apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment after i.v. administration was found to be about 17.0 l and that calculated for the second elimination phase, 77 l, possibly indicating a concentration of the drug in the tissues. The systemic availability of amiodarone varied from 23 to 50% as determined on the basis of of the ratios of areas under p.o. and i.v. serum concentration curves for four subjects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Effects of cardioselective and non-cardioselective beta-blockade on adrenaline-induced metabolic and cardiovascular responses in man.

In 12 normal volunteers the interaction between the metabolic and cardiovascular effects of adrenaline and either a cardioselective (atenolol 150 mg p. o. for 1 week) or a non-selective beta-blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (pindolol 15 mg p. o. for 1 week) were studied. Equiactive doses of the beta-blockers were investigated with respect to their metabolic effects. There were profound differences in the metabolic profile of the two substances: the non-cardioselective beta-blocker caused significant inhibition of the lipolytic, glycogenolytic and the growth hormone-releasing effects of adrenaline when compared to the cardioselective agent. The results indicate that, during non-cardioselective beta-blockade, metabolic effects occur which should favourably influence myocardial oxygen consumption by making myocardial performance more economical.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Relation of personality and emotional factors to myocardial ischemia, methodology and first observations.

Within the framework of a multifacet and long term research on coronary heart disease, the possible influence of psychological factors on the disease was investigated. All coronary patients admitted to the Department are examined in special sessions. The examination is concerned with the personality structure, psychiatric or psychological abnormalities regarding living conditions, emotional factors, habits, etc. The whole study is conducted in a more or less typified way. It is the purpose of this paper to describe mainly this methodology and report preliminary results from the analysis of the first 180 patients. The reported data are compared with those from a central group of 20 'normal' controls and are compared statistically.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1981

Left intraventricular "pseudo-augmentation". A new principle of mechanical assistance.

A new technique is described, utilizing an air-driven pump, connected to the left ventricle, without a valve and synchronized with the electrocardiogram. The pump is operated in brief (80 msecs) pulses. When applied at the end-diastolic phase it produces an increase in stroke volume and dp/dt/P and a marked improvement in the function curves of a failing left ventricle, without substantially increasing the mean left atrial pressure. Thus, mechanical assistance to the failing heart can also be based on this new principle, namely the inotropic effect of a brief left intraventricular end-diastolic pseudo-augmentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

A new technique to increase coronary flow. Preliminary report.

This study was planned to investigate whether part of the energy produced by cardiac contraction to propel blood toward the systemic circulation can be used to increase the coronary flow in systole. Ten devices (I-X) designed to divert laterally part of a flow column (without substantially increasing resistance to flow) were tested in a mock circulation and in nine anesthetized dogs. An increase of 11.69 +/- 1.97% (mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.005) in "coronary flow" and of 8.98 +/- 0.56% (mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.001) in coronary sinus flow were obtained with device I mounted on a stylet and placed above the "aortic valve" in the mock circulation and the dogs, respectively, without increasing the flow resistance. The results in;dicate the possibility of diverting part of the aortic flow toward the coronary arteries without increasing mean aortic pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The use of artificial beta cell in diagnosis and treatment of insulinoma.

The glucose-controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS), the socalled artificial beta-cell, is an important and useful device for detecting and treating hypoglycemic reactions. The dangers of several diagnostic tests such as the tolbutamide or the insulin response test may successfully be avoided. Patients suffering from severe hypoglycemia are kept in normoglycemia by the feedback-controlled dextrose infusion before and during operation.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1979

Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in hyperthyroidism.

Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were measured in 48 hyperthyroid patients and in a group of euthyroid controls. The levels of vitamin B12 ranged from 120-900 pg/ml with a mean of 429.3 +/- 30.9 pg/ml (SE). The mean serum vitamin B12 level was lower in hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls, the difference being statistically significant (t = 2.584, p less than 0.025). Serum vitamin B12 levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. (r = 0.344, p less than 0.05). The findings, although not excluding the involvement of auto-immune gastritis in patients with low serum vitamin B12 levels, suggest a direct action of increased thyroid hormone concentrations. Serum folic acid levels ranged from 0.5-13.8 ng/ml with a mean of 6.8 +/- 0.46 ng/ml (SE). The mean serum folic acid levels were higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls but the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.2, p greater than 0.2). The serum folic acid levels did not show any statistically significant correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. The fact that no statistically significant difference was found between the mean value in hyperthyroid patients and the mean value in normal controls is probably due to the high folic acid intake in Greece.

Adult↗