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Biomedical subjects

S Moss

Publications and source records attributed to S Moss.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Protein losing enteropathy as a sole manifestation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

We describe a patient who presented with oedema and hypoproteinaemia which was proved to be due to protein-losing enteropathy. Extensive gastrointestinal investigations failed to discover any definitive cause. He subsequently developed tuberculous inguinal lymphadenopathy but although treated for tuberculosis the protein-losing state persisted. Later on he developed renal failure due to obstructive nephropathy. Laparotomy was carried out and it disclosed the diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, treatment of which cured the protein-losing state.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Explaining attendance at a breast-screening clinic.

This paper describes an analysis of the social, psychological and demographic factors associated with attendance/non-attendance at a clinic providing mammography and an examination carried out by medically-trained staff. Six hundred and fifty-four women aged 45-64 were interviewed approx. 1 month before they received an invitation to attend for breast screening. Seventy-two percent of these women subsequently attended the clinic. In all 30 different variables were measured. The attender could best be characterised as someone who previously used other types of preventive health service, felt vulnerable to breast cancer and saw breast screening as being beneficial. The implications of these and other findings are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Renal adaptation and gut hormone release during sodium restriction in ileostomized man.

The renal excretion of water, electrolytes, aldosterone and kallikrein was monitored in 12 ileostomized patients before and during sodium deprivation. Changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone and plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) concentrations were measured, together with aldosterone in ileal fluid. The pattern of gut peptide release in response to a test meal was also examined to assess whether a circulating gut peptide might be involved in the renal adaptation to sodium restriction, and compared with healthy normal subjects who were under no dietary constraint. In each patient renal sodium excretion fell within 8-12 h of sodium deprivation and was associated with a prompt and significant rise in PRA; much later increases in plasma aldosterone concentration and renal aldosterone excretion occurred, and were established by day 2 of sodium restriction. No consistent change in renal kallikrein excretion was found. Ileal sodium loss was little changed by sodium deprivation, but ileal potassium concentration rose steadily and became significantly correlated with PRA, and to a lesser extent with renal aldosterone excretion. Of the gut peptides measured in plasma, only the insulin profile was altered by sodium deprivation, with an increase in the test meal response; insulin has previously been shown to have a significant antinatriuretic action at physiological concentrations. Plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide and motilin were increased in ileostomized patients when compared with normal subjects, but were unaffected by the change to a low sodium diet. An early increase in urine flow and water diuresis occurred during sodium deprivation, following a cyclical pattern with peaks each evening.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1985

Lysosomal isoenzyme profiles used to classify a case of acute undifferentiated leukaemia.

Lysosomal enzyme activities and isoenzyme profiles were measured in lymphoid and non-lymphoid leukaemic cells from childhood patients. High activities, especially of beta-hexosaminidase and alpha-mannosidase, were associated with leukaemic cells of myeloid or monocytic origin. Leukaemic cells from two children with acute myeloid leukaemia had a relative reduction in the B isoenzyme of beta-hexosaminidase activity, whereas in patients with non T, non B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, intermediate beta-hexosaminidase isoenzymes were expressed. A patient is described on whom conventional marker studies were either negative or equivocal, but lysosomal enzyme markers were consistent with a myeloid leukaemia. This observation was supported by the clinical course of this patient.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Explaining attendance at a class teaching breast self-examination.

Using the health belief model as an organizing frame-work, variables were examined that might predict attendance at a class teaching breast self-examination. The results show that various health belief dimensions are among the best predictors although other strong predictors are identified and some modifications to the health belief model are proposed.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1984

The resistance to chemotherapeutic agents of Escherichia coli from domestic dogs and cats.

The prevalence of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in the rectal flora of 168 healthy dogs and 93 cats in the Brisbane area was investigated. Rectal swabs were plated on MacConkey agar with and without antibiotics, and 690 isolates confirmed as faecal E. coli were tested for resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, neomycin, furazolidone and sulphanilamide. Resistant isolates were obtained from 101 (60%) of the dogs and 24 (26%) of the cats sampled. A high percentage of the isolates was resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, ampicillin and sulphanilamide. Multiple resistance to 3 or more of the drugs was exhibited by the majority of isolates and a total of 31 different multiple resistance patterns was demonstrated. Of the 50 strains tested for transfer of resistance, 30 (60%) transferred some or all of their resistance determinants to an E. coli K12F - recipient.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The clarification and assessment of a method of psychotherapy.

The 'conversational model' of psychotherapy was investigated with a view to discovering which behaviours distinguish psychotherapists trained in this method from others, of equal clinical experience. A rating scheme designed to capture the theoretical aspects of the model, and 30 predictions were made concerning behaviours which were expected to distinguish the psychotherapists. Five psychotherapists were matched to five psychiatrists who had not been trained in this method; each doctor took on four patients for therapy, and each patient was seen on five occasions. All interviews were recorded, and excerpts from the recordings rated. Only ten of the 30 predictions were upheld. In ten further predictions, the psychotherapists displayed the appropriate behaviours, but the behaviours were not peculiar to the model, since eclectic psychiatrists also displayed them. Six model behaviours were not practised frequently by the psychotherapists, and four 'non-model' behaviours were equally common in either group. The research formed the basis for the preparation of materials to teach psychotherapeutic skills in a more efficient way.

Behavior↗
PubMed1984

Evaluating the teaching of a method of psychotherapy.

A teaching package was produced to help trainees in psychiatry learn the techniques specific to a 'conversational model' of psychotherapy, prior to group supervision. This consisted of a booklet and three videotapes. The third tape used a micro-counselling approach to illustrate each key skill and was viewed together with a teacher. After this, trainees met in groups of three with a psychotherapist for eight weekly sessions. To evaluate this teaching, 12 trainees were asked to interview simulated patients before and after they used the package and after supervision. These interviews were recorded on videotape and rated. There were significant improvements on most of the key skills as a result of this training, and nine of the 12 trainees improved considerably. There was a strong negative correlation between improvement scores and a biological orientation to psychiatry. It is concluded that the teaching package is an economic but effective way of helping trainees learn the basics of a method of psychotherapy before they are given supervision.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1984

Effects of maternal education, age, and parity on fatal infant accidents.

Accidents are a major cause of death among children. Using computerized linked birth and death record information, this study examined the relationship of selected parental factors to the risk of infant accidental death. The analyses suggest that maternal age and education are inversely related to infant accident mortality while mother's parity is directly related. Accident mortality rate differentials by educational level were more evident for certain categories of accidents.

Accidents↗
PubMed1983

Compliance with a class teaching breast self examination.

As part of the evaluation of a class teaching breast self examination (BSE), a sample of women were interviewed shortly before they were invited to attend the class and again one year later. A comparable sample in a different "control" district were interviewed twice in the same way. The interviewers inquired about the practice of breast self examination (BSE) and about beliefs about breast cancer. The findings enable changes in behaviour and beliefs among those who attended and did not attend the class and among women in the control district during the same year to be compared. Women who attended the class showed a more pronounced improvement in BSE practice compared with non-attenders and with the control group. The improvement was in BSE technique rather than the frequency with which it was carried out.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1983

Isolation and identification of anaerobic organisms from the male and female urogenital tracts.

Since Bacteroides spp may play an important role together with Gardnerella vaginalis in the pathogenesis of non-specific vaginitis and balanoposthitis, anaerobic organisms were isolated and identified from 34 female and 20 male patients attending a department of genitourinary medicine, and the results compared with the clinical findings and the presence of other routinely isolated pathogens. Twenty-three different organisms were recovered from 13 of the 20 men; of these organisms, 20 were of the Bacteroides spp. Most isolates were of the B melaninogenicus/oralis group, which forms part of the commensal vaginal flora in women. A definite association between the presence of anaerobes and other pathogens needs to be firmly established, as this obviously causes important complications in treating these conditions.

Bacteroides↗