Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Mortensen.
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Six metacarpo-phalangeal joints of adult horses were studied. Pressure measurements were made in the joint and the metacarpal bone with simultaneous measurement of the systemic arterial blood pressure. Investigations performed to study the effect of joint position on juxta-articular bone marrow pressure showed that an increase in joint flexion was always followed by a rise in intraosseous pressure with a significant increase at flexion above 60 degrees. Increase in intra-articular pressure which was achieved by injection of saline was always followed by a slower rise in intraosseous pressure. Furthermore, it was shown that even a few millilitres of saline in the joint caused a rise in intra-articular pressure. The findings indicate that changes in joint position as well as effusion may block the drainage vessels from the bone marrow as they pass through the joint.
Neurogenic bladder disorders in diabetic patients may result in insufficient bladder emptying because of loss of reflex detrusor contraction. In those who are asymptomatic or have only moderate signs of diabetic cystopathy, treatment choices are scheduled voiding by the triple-voiding technique, cholinergic treatment either daily or twice weekly, and transurethral surgery of the bladder neck. In patients with total urine retention, an indwelling catheter will decrease the overstretched detrusor muscle. Cholinergic treatment with initially high parenteral doses of bethanecol may help to diminish residual urine. Transurethral surgery is often mandatory in such cases. Decensus of the bladder in females often requires surgery. Deficient bladder sensation is irreversible in diabetics, and follow-up of treatment should be lifelong.
Seven cases of urinary incontinence treated by a free muscle transplant are reported. The incontinence was completely unaffected in 5. One patient was able to work without using diapers, while another albeit completely incontinent, could voluntarily stop the flow after the bladder was filled with water.
A cystometric investigation was carried out in unanaesthetized pigs. During intravenous infusion of ritodrine (10, 30 and 50 microgram/kg/min.) a dose-dependent and significant increase of the bladder capacity was obtained. A concomitant significant elevation of the heart rate followed the administration of the drug.
Urethral pressure profile measurements were performed in 45 men suffering from micturation disturbances with the aim of evaluating the diagnostic aid of the procedure as compared to conventional urodynamic evaluation. The urethral pressure profile seems to be of value in visualizing the diseases of the prostate and the bladder neck, but it is of no definite aid except for postprostatectomy incontinence.
Infantile myositis is an inflammatory myopathy occurring in children under one year of age. This condition is extremely rare in the neonatal period and may be confused with other causes of generalized weakness. Creatine kinase activity is usually markedly elevated and electromyography demonstrates low amplitude, polyphasic motor unit activity. Muscle biopsy, necessary for diagnosis, documents characteristic findings of perifascicular atrophy and the presence of perivascular inflammatory cells. The diagnosis should be followed by corticosteroid treatment. The patient presented is the youngest biopsy-proved case of infantile myositis. In this report, his symptoms and clinical course are compared with those of previously described patients. The role of infectious agents and the immune state in the etiology of infantile myositis is considered.
An indirect ELISA test was developed as a novel tool aimed at monitoring the herd infection status of swine herds. Meat juice samples from pig carcasses were analysed for the presence of antibodies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). A study of samples from herds with known PRRS status was undertaken. The PRRS status of the herds was evaluated based on the analysis of blood samples by another serological test (blocking ELISA) capable of differentiating between infection with PRRSV of the American type and European type. The specificity of the indirect ELISA test on meat juice samples was 0.98. The sensitivity of the test depended on the type of the PRRSV strain involved. The apparent prevalence in herds infected with the American type of PRRSV was 0.44. The apparent prevalence in herds infected with the European type of PRRSV was 0.64. Herd level sampling and herd level criteria for assessing the PRRS status of herds by the new test were developed. Herds were classified as PRRS negative or PRRS seropositive based on 10 meat juice samples collected randomly at slaughter throughout a 3-month-period. Herd PRRS status classification by the indirect ELISA was validated in 47 herds by collection of blood samples from the herds. Eighteen herds were classified as PRRS negative by both test systems. Twenty-nine herds were classified as PRRS seropositive by both test systems. Acceptable herd classification was achieved using this test.
Herds are under constant risk of introducing new pathogens from different sources. In this article we describe biosecurity practices in Danish sow herds. Between December 1, 1999 and February 29, 2000, 121 sow units were interviewed regarding biosecurity on the site. The questionnaire contained 62 questions. The 121 units were situated in three areas with different swine densities. Sow units were described by their sizes (units with >110 sows were regarded as large herds) and health status (SPF herds or conventional herds). Of the 121 sow herds, 63 (52%) sold weaners. Most sow units (71%) used delivery facilities for the picking up of weaners, but half of these did not have a barrier between the loading area and the stable while loading. In 19% of the units, weaners were picked up directly from the stable, and in 10% the truck driver had access to the stables. Most units required the vehicle to be cleaned (16%) or cleaned and disinfected (48%) before the transport; large sites and SPF sites more often required stricter biosecurity measures, for example a quarantine period before the transport of weaners.