Biomedical subjects

S Morinaga

Publications and source records attributed to S Morinaga.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Morphological variation of immunoreactive cells positive to cholecystokinin 33 (10-20) and gastrin 34 (1-15) in human duodenum.

Human duodenal endocrine cells reactive with antibodies to cholecystokinin (CCK) 33 (10-20) and/or gastrin 34 (1-15) were studied by a combination of immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic methods. By immunohistochemistry, three types of endocrine cells were distinguished in human duodenal mucosa, i.e., those only positive for only CCK, those positive for both CCK and gastrin and those only positive for only gastrin. Ultrastructurally, the first cell type is characterized by many secretory granules with an eccentric dense core (mean diameter; 271 +/- 74 nm). The second cell type, which was less frequent than the other two, has ultrastructural features that resemble type-I cells. The last cell type was composed of two types of cells containing small secretory granules identical to those of IG cells (mean diameter; 171 +/- 31 nm) or large secretory granules indistinguishable from those of I cells (mean diameter; 286 +/- 50 nm).

Cholecystokinin↗

PubMed1986

Biological, pathological and clinical features of small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer, which is not uncommon, and is one of the most malignant and relatively well investigated solid tumors of adults, has been reviewed concerning its biology, pathology and clinical aspects. Although it is histologically very simple, its poorly differentiated epithelial cell characteristics are complicated by features of neuroendocrine cells, such as amine and peptide hormone production and specific enzyme activities, some of which have been found to be good monitoring markers during and after treatment. Because of the relative ease of establishing cell lines in vitro, cell characteristics have been studied in detail. This has led to subtyping of cell lines and may further lead to subtyping of histology. However, accumulation of further evidence has disclosed exceptions and unclassifiable cell lines. The same can be said about chromosomal abnormality. The reactivity of monoclonal antibodies and also oncogenes supports the prevalent concept discriminating small cell cancer from non-small cell cancer. However, concepts concerning histogenesis are still changing. Although it is one of the solid tumors most sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy, the response rate of the tumor to non-surgical treatment appears to have reached a plateau. In order to make a breakthrough in the treatment, strategies based on biological findings must be applied.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1986

Subtypes of small cell carcinoma of the lung: morphometric, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical analyses.

Fifty-three surgically resected small cell carcinomas of the lung were studied morphometrically, electron microscopically, immunohistochemically, and in terms of possible site of origin. Four subtypes of small cell carcinomas were identified: oat cell carcinoma (OAT), small cell carcinoma of the intermediate cell type (INT), combined oat cell carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma of the small cell type (UCS). The latter type is presumed to be non-neuroendocrine. Morphometric analysis showed considerable overlap among OAT, INT, and UCS with respect to nuclear area, cell area, and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. Ultrastructurally, significantly more carcinomas categorized as OAT and INT contained neurosecretory granules than did those in the UCS category (P less than 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). Cells with tonofibrils were more frequent in UCSs than in OATs and INTs. Immunohistochemically, fewer UCSs than OATs contained cells with gastrin-releasing peptide, neuron-specific enolase, and Leu-7 (P = 0.5, P less than 0.05, and P less than 0.05, respectively). UCSs were located more frequently at the periphery of the lung than were OATs (P less than 0.01) and INTs (P = 0.06). These findings suggest that UCS may be a pathologic entity distinct from the typical neuroendocrine-type small cell carcinoma and that this subtype probably corresponds to small cell carcinoma with a "large cell component," and to very poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the small cell type.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗

PubMed1986

A case of small cell lung cancer successfully treated with VM26.

A 79-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for a close examination of an abnormal shadow on a routine chest roentgenogram. A large tumorous shadow in the right S1 segment, and hilar and mediastinal node swelling were observed. Transbronchial biopsy revealed that the histologic type of the tumor was oat cell carcinoma. The clinical stage was considered to be limited disease. Because of his age, 79 years, he was treated with VM26 as a single agent. VM26 was administered by intravenous drip infusion of 60 mg/m2 daily for five consecutive days every three to four weeks. After the third course of treatment with VM26, he achieved partial response, and then radiation therapy to the primary site and the hilar and mediastinal nodes was given at a total dose of 6,000 rad. There have been few phase II studies of VM26 in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Further phase II studies should be conducted for confirmation of the reproducibility of the phase II study of VM26 in SCLC, and the efficacy of combination chemotherapy including VM26 against SCLC should also be tested.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

A case report of a three-year survivor with advanced non-small cell lung cancer producing alpha-fetoprotein.

An 80-year-old patient with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the left lung with metastasis to both lungs and supraclavicular lymph nodes, stage III M1 (T2N2M1), was treated with cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, CDDP) at a dose of 80 mg/m2 intravenously. He achieved a partial response, however, he could not continue therapy with CDDP because of its renal toxicity. He was then given etoposide and vindesine as a single chemotherapeutic agent, but no response was observed. Therefore, CDDP was administered again in a fractionated regimen, the first course of treatment achieved a minor response, but the second course resulted in stable disease. He therefore received combination chemotherapy consisting of mitomycin, vindesine and CDDP, and tumor regression of more than 30% was observed after one course of this combination chemotherapy. After three years from the initiation of chemotherapy, he had no symptoms except for hoarseness, and has been followed up on an ambulatory basis. In addition, the tumor was producing alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which was shown by immunohistochemical staining with polyclonal antibody against AFP. The changes in serum AFP level correlated well with the disease status.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1986

Multiple sclerosing hemangiomas of the lung.

A case of multiple "sclerosing hemangiomas" of the lung is reported. A 48-year-old housewife had several coin lesions in the right lower lung field, which were detected in a mass survey examination. There were no definite symptoms or signs except for hemoptysis. The resected right lower lobe of the lung contained innumerable lesions varying in size from microscopic to 3.7 cm in diameter, all of which were diagnosed as "sclerosing hemangioma." Although larger nodules revealed hemorrhagic, solid, papillary, and sclerotic features, smaller lesions, particularly minute ones, tended to be composed only of epithelial cells arranged in papillary patterns and so-called pale cells in solid areas, both of which are suggested to be main components of sclerosing hemangioma. Some lesions were associated with tumorlet or adenomatous hyperplasia (or adenoma) probably of the type 2 epithelial cell. It is not certain from this case study whether the lesions were multicentric in origin or intralobar metastases from one primary lesion. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and there is no evidence of recurrence 2 years after surgery.

Female↗

PubMed1986

Ciliated-cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

An autopsy case of ciliated-cell adenocarcinoma of the pancreas was reported. A 65-year-old man, who had undergone subtotal gastrectomy because of advanced gastric carcinoma 6 years previously, died of obstructive jaundice. The autopsy revealed a primary tumor in the head of the pancreas and multiple metastatic foci in the liver, lungs, and regional lymph nodes. Histologically, the pancreatic tumor was moderately differentiated papillary adenocarcinoma with well developed cilia. The metastatic tumor also showed similar histology. Histologic and ultrastructural features of the tumor were described in detail and the cytogenesis of ciliated-cell adenocarcinoma was briefly discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗

PubMed1986

Immunohistochemical study of small cell lung carcinoma; with special reference to the neuroendocrine markers aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and gastrin-releasing peptide.

Forty-seven surgically resected small cell lung carcinomas (SCLC) were immunohistochemically studied by using antibodies to various neuroendocrine and epithelial markers. SCLC was shown to be subdivided into two categories, with and without the immunoreactive neuroendocrine markers aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, gastrin-releasing peptide, serotonin, chromogranin A and neurofilament protein. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and creatine kinase BB isoenzyme (CK-BB), which are also considered to be neuroendocrine markers, had a tendency to be widely distributed in the SCLC with a neuroendocrine marker, but the immunoreactivity for both NSE and CK-BB varied in the SCLC without neuroendocrine markers. Therefore they were not included in the classification. Epithelial markers keratin, involucrin and epithelial membrane antigen were frequently observed in the SCLC with neuroendocrine markers, but less so in the SCLC without neuroendocrine markers. The data are discussed briefly in relation to "classic and variant" forms of SCLC in vitro and to a recently proposed histological classification of SCLC.

Aromatic-L-Amino-Acid Decarboxylases↗

PubMed1986

Histologic factors influencing prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck.

Histologic specimens from 61 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck were reviewed in order to determine prognostic factors of this peculiar neoplasm. After the tumor was reviewed and classified according to several criteria, follow-up information, which was available in 54 cases, was analyzed and compared with each histological subgroup. As for the histologic pattern, the prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma with a solid pattern was worse than that without a solid pattern in respect of 5- and 10-year survival rates. However, there was no difference in 15-year survival between the two groups. Tumors with severe cell atypia showed more malignant behavior than those with moderate or mild atypia (p less than 0.001). Increased mitotic activity of more than two cells in mitosis per high power field was also found to be a sign of poor prognosis (p less than 0.001). Presence of perineural invasion was not correlated with the final outcome of the disease. Cell atypia and mitotic activity as well as the histologic pattern should be evaluated for assessing the degree of malignancy of adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

The frequency of papillomavirus infection in cervical precancerous lesions in Japan: an immunoperoxidase study.

In order to establish the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in cervical precancerous lesions of Japanese patients, cervical materials routinely biopsied in the past year were examined immunohistochemically for the papillomavirus genus-specific antigen. Of a total of 832 cervical biopsy specimens, 46 (5.5%) were immunohistochemically positive for HPV. In this study, 206 patients were diagnosed as having dysplasia or carcinoma in situ (CIS), and HPV antigen was found in 15% of these patients. It was found in 13% of patients with mild dysplasia, 28% of those with moderate dysplasia, 17% of those with severe dysplasia and 4.5% of those with CIS. However, HPV antigen was detected only in the epithelium with dysplastic change, not in cancerous areas.

Antigens, Viral↗

PubMed1986

Changes in cell characteristics due to culture conditions in cell lines from human small cell lung cancer.

Eight cultured cell lines were established from human small cell lung cancers. Every cell line showed the morphological and biochemical characteristics of small cell cancer. Changes in cell characteristics were observed in many of these cell lines when culture conditions were changed: "oat cell type" changed to "intermediate cell type" and vice versa when serum-free medium was changed to serum-supplemented medium; a deficiency of vitamin A in the medium caused a change to squamous cells and vice versa; and a tumor promoter (teleocidin B) enhanced the adherence of these cells to the surface of plastic culture dishes. These findings provide evidence that many small cell lung cancer cell lines can change their morphology with changes in the environment of the cells.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗

PubMed1986

A clinico-pathological study of surgical treatment for small cell carcinoma of the lung.

Thirty-seven patients with histologically confirmed small cell carcinoma (SCLC), who underwent surgical resection at the National Cancer Center Hospital between 1963 and 1983, were reviewed. They were divided into two groups, 25 patients who were operated on between 1963 to 1979 and 12 who were operated on between 1980 and 1983. When these two groups were compared, a significant difference in 5-year survival was found (8% vs 50%). An accumulation of various factors including adjuvant chemotherapy was considered to contribute to the improvement in survival. After carefully analyzing these factors, we have come to the conclusion that adjuvant chemotherapy was the most important factor among them. An additional six patients with SCLC, who were operated on in 1984 and 1985, were also studied. They were either those who were given an adequate dose of combination chemotherapy before surgical resection or those whose local carcinoma which recurred after complete response was achieved by chemotherapy and/or chest radiation was surgically removed. In two cases, a tumor-like mass which was clearly visible on X-ray film and in the surgeon's hand at the time of thoracotomy revealed a histopathological "cure." In another two cases, tissue diagnosis of SCLC which was obtained without thoracotomy before chemotherapy and/or radiation was started was reported as NSCLC after the resected specimen was histo-pathologically examined. In both of them, the cancer tissue was made up of NSCLC of small cell type. A discrepancy between clinical TNM after treatment and pathological TNM was noted in two cases. Microinvasion and micrometastases, which were the reasons for the discrepancy, are considered to be a core of eventual recurrence following induction of complete response.

Actuarial Analysis↗

PubMed1986

Rearrangement of the c-myc gene in two giant cell carcinomas of the lung.

The c-myc oncogene was found to be rearranged in a human cell line of giant cell carcinoma of the lung (C-Lu65) and in a human primary giant cell carcinoma of the lung (LuC38C). The rearrangements in C-Lu65 and LuC38C were in regions about 7.5 kb and 6 kb, respectively, upstream from the transcription initiation site. No rearrangement of the c-myc gene was observed in a non-cancerous portion (LuC38N) of the lung of the patient who carried LuC38C. These results suggest that rearrangement of the c-myc gene may play some role in tumorigenesis of giant cell carcinoma of the lung.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed1986

[The usefulness of CT in the preoperative diagnosis of metastatic lung nodules--a study with resected cases].

The reliability of the preoperative CT diagnosis was studied in patients with pulmonary metastases from osteosarcoma and colorectal cancer as compared with surgical and pathological findings. Seventy-six lesions among 111 surgically proven metastatic nodules were detected preoperatively by CT. But the predictive rate varied greatly depending upon the site and size of the lesions. CT is not so useful in subpleural and apical sites or with nodules of less than 0.2 cm in diameter.

Bone Neoplasms↗

PubMed1985

Intramedullary spinal cord germinoma producing HCG and precocious puberty in a boy.

Extremely high concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin in the cerebrospinal fluid were found in a 5-year-old boy presenting sexual precocity and leg pain. An intramedullary spinal cord tumor was revealed by myelogram and metrizamide computerized tomography, and a biopsy specimen taken at laminectomy. Histologically, the tumor showed germinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells. The tumor remitted for 5 months after irradiation of 3500 rad and chemotherapy, but recurred in spite of adding 7500 rad and more aggressive chemotherapy. No relapse has been seen for 1 year after amputation of the spinal cord at the T7 level.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1985

Identification of plasma inactive renin as prorenin with a site-directed antibody.

A sequence-specific antibody that recognizes a portion of the prosegment of human renin precursor was raised and used to provide direct evidence that plasma inactive renin contains the prosequence of renal renin and is therefore probably prorenin rather than an inactivated form of previously active renin. The information may help not only to resolve a major controversy concerning the nature of inactive renin in human plasma but also to elucidate its exact physiological role.

Antibody Formation↗

PubMed1985

A case of alpha-fetoprotein-producing rectal carcinoma.

A rare case of rectal carcinoma with a high serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level (maximum, 6,983 ng/ml) is reported. The histology of the primary tumor was adenosquamous carcinoma, the major component being moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, a few AFP-positive cells were identified in the primary tumor. However, numerous AFP-positive cells were observed in metastatic tumors in the liver and lungs at autopsy, which were histologically undifferentiated carcinoma with marked pleomorphism. Furthermore, components of adenocarcinoma were present in the metastatic tumors at various sites, and components of squamous cell carcinoma were seen only in the pelvic cavity. To our knowledge, this is the first case of rectal carcinoma with verified AFP production by the tumor cells.

Autopsy↗

PubMed1985

Papillomavirus infection among Japanese: an immunohistochemical study for papillomavirus genus-specific antigen in human surface epithelial lesions.

In order to clarify the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and a variety of surface epithelial lesions, the presence of papillomavirus genus-specific common structural antigen (pgs-antigen) was immunohistochemically investigated in 256 cases of various tumors and tumorous lesions. The pgs-antigen was demonstrated in cases of verruca vulgaris (11/23 cases), condyloma acuminatum (13/26), adult laryngeal papilloma (3/12) and bowenoid papulosis (2/2). No pgs-antigen was observed in ordinary Bowen's disease and other hyperkeratotic skin lesions, such as keratoacanthoma and seborrheic keratosis. In uterine cervical lesions, about 15% of cervical dysplasia, most of which later developed into carcinoma in situ, contained pgs-antigen-positive koilocytotic cells. These results suggest that HPV infection is frequently present in human hyperplastic and atypical surface epithelial lesions of Japanese patients and might indicate possible association with neoplastic transformation, especially in the cervix and skin.

Animals↗