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Biomedical subjects

S Morinaga

Publications and source records attributed to S Morinaga.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunohistochemical localization of pulmonary surfactant apoproteins in various lung tumors. Special reference to nonmucus producing lung adenocarcinomas.

Eighty-nine primary lung carcinomas and 23 metastatic lung tumors were immunohistochemically studied for the expression of pulmonary surfactant apoproteins, by using monoclonal (PE-10) and polyclonal antibodies. Surfactant apoprotein was demonstrated in the cytoplasm and/or nuclear inclusion bodies of only primary lung adenocarcinomas (36 of 75 cases), not in any other histologic type of primary lung carcinoma or in metastatic lung tumors. In primary lung adenocarcinoma, although typical type II pneumocyte type adenocarcinoma was not included in the current series, the majority of surfactant apoprotein-positive single cell type tumors were of the Clara cell type, with a single bronchial surface epithelial cell type, according to the light microscopic subclassification of adenocarcinoma cells. The Clara cell type adenocarcinomas could at times be distinguished only with difficulty from adenocarcinoma of type II pneumocyte type. Normal and hyperplastic type II pneumocytes were of course positive for surfactant apoprotein in the cytoplasm. However, none of the positive cells could definitely be identified as Clara cells in non-neoplastic lungs. The findings obtained in this study indicate that surfactant apoprotein is a good marker to distinguish adenocarcinoma of the lung from other histologic types of lung cancer and from neoplasms metastatic to the lung, and that type II pneumocytes and Clara cells, non-neoplastic and neoplastic, are morphologically and functionally closely related and might belong to the same cell lineage.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Antitumor activity and its properties of Eubacterium lentum.

In the present study, some basic effects of Eubacterium lentum (TYH-11), isolated from normal intestinal flora, upon the immune system and various experimental tumor cell lines were investigated. E. lentum showed no direct cytotoxicity against Ehrlich ascites tumor, while Serratia marcescens (TY-142) did show direct cytotoxicity. E. lentum presented striking antitumor activity which differed according to the injection route and time. This strain showed antitumor activity against 11 experimental tumor cell lines including Ehrlich ascites tumor, Meth-A, etc., but not against EL4 or Lewis lung carcinoma. The antitumor activity in this strain was recognized to lie in the cell wall and granular fractions. The effect of this strain on the immune system was studied by using plaque formation and the footpad reaction. When mice received 5 injections of E. lentum, the plaque number increased to treble the control level. Spleen weight was also increased following administration of E. lentum. In normal and tumor-bearing mice immunized with SRBC alone, the footpad reaction was increased significantly to the control level by administration of E. lentum.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Bronchial carcinoid tumor mimicking acinic cell tumor.

A rare case of carcinoid tumor mimicking an acinic cell tumor is presented. A bicameral tumor measuring 8 x 6 mm in size was recognized in the right lung (B5bi) upon gross examination. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of basophilic polygonal cells forming an acinar pattern. Ultrastructurally, the majority of tumor cells had large membrane-bound cytoplasmic granules, measuring about 600 nm in diameter, which were similar to secretary granules of serous acinar cells (zymogen granules). These findings suggested that the tumor might be an acinic cell tumor originating from the bronchial gland. However, tumor cells were shown to be negative for periodic and Schiff (PAS) stain or lactoferrin, lysozyme and amylase immunohistochemically. On the other hand, they were shown to be argyrophilic by Grimelius stain and showed immunohistochemically positive reaction for serotonin, suggesting that the granules were neurosecretory granules and not zymogen granules. Based on these findings, we concluded that this tumor was an unusual variant of carcinoid tumor mimicking acinic cell tumor. Although carcinoid tumor has a wide histological spectrum, there has been no reported case, to our knowledge, of acinic cell tumor-like carcinoid tumor.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

A new antitumor antibiotic FR66973: clonogenic in vitro assessment of activity against human non-small cell lung carcinoma.

We have utilized a human tumor clonogenic assay (HTCA), as a disease-oriented drug screening model of new antitumor drugs, to test the antitumor activity of FR66973 and compared the activity with that of its analogous compound, mitomycin C. The overall in vitro response rate (defined as less than 50% survival of tumor colony forming units) for FR66973 against fresh tumor cells obtained from patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) was 32%, 50% and 89% at 0.1, 1 and 10 micrograms/ml, respectively, which was superior to that of mitomycin C at the corresponding concentration. Our data suggest that FR66973 is a promising new drug against NSCLC. If phase I toxicities are not prohibitive, FR66973 may also have good activity against NSCLC in clinical phase II trial.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hamartoma of the parotid gland: a case report with immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

A case of a solid parotid tumour in a 16-year-old boy is presented. Histologically, the tumour demonstrated some peculiar findings. An acinar pattern was predominant although every component seen in the normal salivary gland was present, namely, serous and mucous gland acini, ducts, myoepithelial cells, adipose and lymphoid tissue. Large eosinophilic granules were abundant in the large acinar cell cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumour demonstrated the proteins which are present in the normal parotid gland, for example, amylase, lactoferrin and lysozyme. Electron microscopic features were quite similar to those of normal parotid tissue except for accumulation of a large number of cytoplasmic granules in the acinar cells. There has been no previous report of a tumour with the same features as seen in this case. Our pathological diagnosis is hamartoma, although the possibility of hyperplasia or neoplasia can not be excluded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Normal and neoplastic myoepithelial cells in salivary glands: an immunohistochemical study.

To determine the difference between normal and neoplastic myoepithelial cells, we performed immunoperoxidase staining for contractile proteins (actin and myosin) and intermediate filament proteins (vimentin and 55- to 57-kilodalton keratin) on paraffin sections from salivary gland tumors. Normal myoepithelial cells were positive for actin and myosin but negative for vimentin and keratin. Outer tubular cells of organoid double-layered tubular structures seen in pleomorphic and monomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma, and "cyst"-lining cells and outermost cells of adenoid cystic carcinoma were occasionally positive for actin and myosin. These outer tubular cells, "cyst"-lining cells, and outermost cells were considered to be neoplastic myoepithelial cells. However, their stainability was much lower than that of normal myoepithelial cells. On the other hand, these neoplastic myoepithelial cell were always positive for vimentin. "Mesenchymal" cells and hyaline cells of pleomorphic adenoma and indifferent cells of adenoid cystic carcinoma were negative for both actin and myosin but positive for vimentin and occasionally also positive for keratin. The significance of vimentin staining in neoplastic myoepithelial cells and the coexpression of vimentin and keratin in some tumor cells is discussed.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1987

Multiple thymic squamous cell carcinomas associated with mixed type thymoma.

A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abnormal shadows on a chest roentgenogram that suggested enlargement of bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Chest surgery was performed after a diagnosis of malignant thymoma that was following a left supraclavicular lymph node biopsy. The tumor consisted of several nodules, the largest of which was 6.5 cm. One nodule had invaded the pericardium and left upper lobe of the lung. Metastases to the peribronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes were present along with implantation on multiple pleural sites. Histological examination revealed that the tumor was of a mixed type with features of thymoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and that these two histological types were present in the same nodule with gradual transition between the two. Immunohistochemical surface marker studies revealed that lymphocytes in the squamous cell carcinoma were of the peripheral blood type. We conclude that squamous cell carcinoma may originate in the epithelial cells of a thymoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

Plasmacytoma of the lung associated with nodular deposits of immunoglobulin.

A case of extramedullary plasmacytoma of the lung associated with nodular immunoglobulin deposits is presented. The main tumor was located in the posterior basal segment of the lower lobe of the left lung and showed intrabronchial polypoid growth. Multiple metastatic tumors were observed in regional lymph nodes and the visceral and parietal pleura. Histologically, the tumor was composed of sheets of plasma cells with mild atypia. A large amount of amorphous material resembling amyloid was observed in the tumors, and was more marked in the metastatic lesions. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were shown to contain monoclonal IgG-kappa immunoglobulin. The amorphous deposits were not identical to amyloid since congo red stain was negative and amyloid fibrils were not observed ultrastructurally. By Western blotting, immunoglobulin (IgG, kappa) was identified as the major component in an extract from the nodular deposits. In the preoperative serum from the patient, M-protein (IgG-kappa) was detected by immunoelectrophoresis. Bone marrow examination revealed no abnormality.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Response of ligated rabbit ileal loop to Clostridium perfringens type C strains and their toxic filtrates.

The vegetative cells and toxic filtrates of Clostridium perfringens type C strains were injected into ligated rabbit ileal loops and the responses were observed. Out of 12 strains examined, 2 strains showed positive reaction in this test, when the vegetative cells were injected. One of these 2 strains was an enterotoxigenic and beta-toxigenic and the other was beta- and delta-toxigenic but not enterotoxigenic. Culture filtrates containing beta or delta toxin also showed fluid accumulation in the rabbit ileal loop. Histological findings of loops injected with culture filtrates containing beta toxin showed separated and effaced villi, hemorrhage in the mucosa, engorged vessels, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Antitumor activity of quinocarmycin against carcinoma of the lung in human tumor clonogenic assay.

Quinocarmycin monocitrate is a novel antitumor antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces melanovinaceus. We have utilized a human tumor clonogenic assay to test the antitumor activity of this drug against carcinoma of the lung and to compare its activity with those of mitomycin C or cisplatin, which are components of the clinically effective regimens in therapy for this disease. The overall in vitro response rate (defined as less than 50% survival of tumor colony forming units) for quinocarmycin at 0.1 and 1.0 microgram/ml continuous exposure was 42% and 72%, respectively, which was superior to that of other drugs. Quinocarmycin and other antitumor drugs do not have identical spectra of antitumor activities in vitro, suggesting that this compound with good in vitro activity should be further developed for clinical trials.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Derivation of a murine monoclonal antibody useful for immunohistochemical diagnosis of human adenoid cystic carcinoma and stomach cancer.

A monoclonal antibody, NCC-SG-007, was raised with a formalin-fixed adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary gland as the immunogen. The reactivity of the antibody was tested on paraffin sections using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method. NCC-SG-007 reacted with 36% of the adenoid cystic carcinomas, 42% of the pleomorphic adenomas and 14% of the mucoepidermoid tumors of the salivary gland which were tested. The antibody also reacted with some normal tissues and various other tumors. Surprisingly, NCC-SG-007 showed a reactivity as high as 94% with gastric carcinomas. The antigenic determinant was revealed to be a carbohydrate chain with no terminal sialic acid, the molecular weight of which was estimated to be 1.5 X 10(6) daltons. This antigen differed from other previously reported gastrointestinal cancer-associated antigens. The antibody should be useful for studying adenoid cystic carcinomas of the salivary gland and gastric cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Loss of genes on the short arm of chromosome 11 in human lung carcinomas.

Since loss of genes on the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p) is known to be closely associated with several human tumors, we analyzed DNA of lung carcinomas from 45 patients with respect to loss of heterozygosity at loci on 11p. We observed that loss of heterozygosity at 11p loci was quite frequent (17 of 41 informative cases, 41%) and it appeared that the loss might be associated with more advanced carcinomas than those of stage Ia. In many cases, sequences at the CAT and/or the D11S12-IGF2 loci were commonly deleted. These observations suggest that loss of genes at particular regions on 11p might be involved in progression of human lung carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Dialysis versus renal transplantation; a comparative study on medical cost and quality of life in patients with chronic renal failure].

We studied the medical costs of hemodialysis, CAPD and renal transplantation in our patients with chronic renal failure. The cost per patient averaged 660,000 yen for hemodialysis (760,000 yen for CAPD) in the first month when dialysis was started and 460,000 yen for routine maintenance hemodialysis (240,000 yen for CAPD). There was a difference in cost between recipients treated with conventional immunosuppressants (conventional group) and those receiving cyclosporine (Cs-group). That is, the estimated average cost for the conventional group was 3,800,000 in the first month after kidney grafting and at 60,000 yen in the subsequent months when the patient is cared for at the outpatient clinic; that of Cs-group was at 2,710,000 yen and 170,000 yen. This difference is due to the high cost of cyclosporine. The cumulative cost of maintenance hemodialysis is on a constant linear increase. Recently, clinical results of renal transplantation have improved markedly. Furthermore, our analysis of questionnaires to patients shows that renal transplantation is far superior to hemodialysis on the aspect of the quality of life. Thus, renal transplantation should be promoted further, and then the combined treatment of a low dose of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressants might be recommended to reduce the cost of cyclosporine.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Case-control study on histologically determined multiple primary lung cancer.

Between 1965 and 1985, 72 (64 male and 8 female) cases of multiple primary lung cancer (MPLC) in the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan, were reviewed, and a retrospective hospital-based case-control study was performed with special reference to the patients' smoking and family histories. Control cases were selected from patients with unicentric lung cancer (ULC) with a longer survival time than that for other patients with whom they were matched for age, sex, histologic examination of primary lung cancer, and residence in prefecture. The overall percentage of MPLC was higher in males (3.1%) than in females (1.8%). Of the total number of cases, 46 were synchronous and 26, metachronous. The same histology was recognized in 38 cases (53%), and squamous cell carcinomas were observed in 65% of MPLC cases, all of whom were smokers. At least half of the MPLC found in nonsmokers were adenocarcinomas. Habitual smokers, with a Brinkman index (BI) of more than 50, accounted for 90% of all cases of MPLC, although 81% of the controls were also habitual smokers. A positive relationship dependent on the number of cigarettes smoked was observed between the BI of smokers and the proportion suffering MPLC. There was a family history of cancer in 47% of MPLC cases while, for controls, this figure was 40%. It was found that 67% of patients with MPLC and 61% with ULC were drinkers. The influence of cigarette smoking on MPLC was confirmed, especially in the cases of squamous cell carcinoma and small-cell carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

High concentrations of enolase, alpha- and gamma-subunits, in the aqueous humor in cases of retinoblastoma.

Because retinoblastomas contain a large amount of the gamma-subunit of enolase or neuronspecific enolase, we studied the aqueous humor levels of the gamma-subunit and alpha-subunit in 12 cases of retinoblastoma. Enzyme immunoassay demonstrated that both the gamma-subunit and the alpha-subunit were greatly increased in all 12 (minimum levels, 87.8 ng/ml and 354 ng/ml, respectively). Thus, aqueous enolase levels, especially that of the gamma-subunit, are useful in the diagnosis of retinoblastoma and may be useful as monitoring markers in retinoblastoma involving the central nervous system.

Aged↗