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Biomedical subjects

S Miyasaka

Publications and source records attributed to S Miyasaka.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Evaluation of anatomical consistency in craniofacial superimposition images.

Using 52 skulls in forensic cases, the anatomical consistency of cranio-facial superimposition images was investigated for evaluating the validity in personal identification by the superimposition method. In 35 out of 52 cases the unknown skull was positively identified as the missing person by matching of the outline and anatomical relation in skull and face images taken from frontal, oblique and lateral directions. The unknown skull in two cases was exclusive of the presumed person since the outline of the skull was not anatomically consistent with that of the face. In the remaining 15 cases, the skull in question was examined using only a frontal face photograph of the missing person and matched with it because of the lack of other photographs taken from different angles, giving a probable identification. From our practical examination, it is stated that the outline from the trichion to the gnathion in the lateral or oblique view is the preferable portion for personal identification, and the cranio-facial super-imposition method is reliable for individualization when two or more facial photographs taken from different angles are used in the examination.

Face↗
PubMed1995

The computer-aided facial reconstruction system.

A computer imaging system was introduced into the facial reconstruction process. The system, which consists of the image processing unit for skull morphometry and the image editing unit for compositing facial components on the skull images, was an original construction. The image processor generates the framework for building a face onto the digitized skull image. For reconstructing a facial image on the framework, several possible data sets of facial components suitable for the skull morphology are selected from the database by operating our original application software. The most suitable cutout samples of facial components are pasted up over the framework in accordance with the anatomical criteria. The database of facial components consists of 24 contours, 18 eyes, 9 eyebrows, 27 noses, 9 lips and 16 hairstyles. After provisional reconstruction, the facial image is retouched by correcting skin colors and shades with an 'electronic painting device'. The resulting image is a great improvement on images made by the conventional clay and drawing method, both in the operational aspect and in the flexibility of creating multiple versions. The present system facilitates a rather objective and rapid approach and allows us easily to generate a range of possible faces. The computer-aided facial reconstruction will lead to an increase in chances of positive identification in practical cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Factor VIII inhibitor developed in a 60-year-old patient with mild hemophilia A after surgery for colon cancer.

Most factor VIII inhibitors are developed at an early age and in patients with severe type of hemophilia A. We report a case of newly developed factor VIII inhibitor in a 60-year-old patient with mild hemophilia A who had been treated with several kinds of factor VIII concentrates. The patient was treated with a total of 103,580 units of recombinant factor VIII concentrate by continuous and bolus infusions for the open surgery of sigmoid colon cancer. On the 95th postoperative day, the patient had right low limb muscle bleeding and was infused with 1,000 units of recombinant factor VIII concentrate for three days. Subsequently, the level of factor VIII inhibitor in the patient's plasma was 2 Bethesda units (BU)/ml. Since then numerous subcutaneous hemorrhages developed, but an adequate hemostatic effect was not obtained even with the administration of a high dose of recombinant factor VIII concentrate. The patient was switched to bypass therapy using human plasma-derived factor VIIa concentrate, which showed a favorable hemostatic effect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Histological estimation of age at death using microradiographs of humeral compact bone.

The purpose of this study is to develop an age estimating method for skeletal remains using microradiographs of compact bone. Compact bones of the humerus were collected from 40 Japanese males ranging from 23 to 80 years of age. Microradiographs taken from cross-sections were histomorphometrically examined by using an image analyzer. Histological parameters used in this study included 10 items, that is, osteon number, double-zoned osteon number, type II osteon number, low-density osteon number, osteon fragment number, resorption space number, total and average osteon area, and total and average Haversian canal area. The osteon fragment number showed the highest correlation coefficient with advancing age (r = 0.786). The measurement data obtained from 10 histological parameters were subjected to multiple regression analysis for producing multiple regression equations for age estimation. In practice, 8 histological parameters were selected for the equation and its multiple correlation coefficient and standard error of estimate were 0.903 and 6.1, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A case of metastatic lung tumor from acinic cell tumor of the parotid gland].

A 59-year-old man with metastatic lung tumor from acinic cell tumor of the parotid gland was reported. Five years after resection of the parotid tumor, the abnormal shadow on chest X-ray film was detected in the mass screening. The tumor was located in S10c of the right lung, and resected by partial lung resection. As pathological findings showed the same histology between the parotid gland and the lung, we diagnosed the metastatic lung tumor from acinic cell tumor of the parotid gland. Acinic cell tumor shall be slowly growing and occasionally developing the pulmonary metastasis. So, we have to carefully follow the patient in long-term periods.

Carcinoma, Acinar Cell↗
PubMed1991

Microscopical study on estimation of time since death in skeletal remains.

For the purpose of estimating time since death in skeletal remains, postmortem changes in human compact bones were examined by microradiography and electron microscopy. The UV-fluorescence of the peripheral zone of compact bone was also examined by microscopic spectrophotometry. Microradiographic examination revealed no morphological changes in bones left in the open air for long periods, except one of 15 years since death. In bones left in the soil, vacuoles of 5-10 microns diameter, which contained a honeycomb-like structure formed by small vacuoles of 0.5-1 microns diameter, were found in the peripheral zone of the substantia compacta approximately 5 years since death, and in bones of 6 years or more, this change extended to the mid-zone. In bones left in the sea for 4-5 years, vacuoles of 5-10 microns diameter were observed in the outer peripheral zone of the substantia compacta. The relative intensity of UV-fluorescence in bones dwindled with time since death and the correlation coefficient was considerably high.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1989

Identification of infant skeletal remains: case report.

Three cases of infant skeletal remains were described from the view point of personal identification. The age was exactly estimated from union of ossification centers, dental calcification and eruption. While, the sex estimation was not highly reliable, because sex differences had not clearly appeared in infant skeletons, and it was rather difficult in some cases. In infant skeletal remains, age estimation is especially important to help personal identification. The most recent photograph of a presumed person should be used for personal identification by superimposition technique since the size and proportion of infant skull constantly change as a result of its development.

Age Determination by Skeleton↗
PubMed1987

Classification system of frontal sinus patterns by radiography. Its application to identification of unknown skeletal remains.

Frontal sinuses of Japanese skulls were radiographically examined from the view point of identifying individuals. The system of classification of sinus was proposed, basing on the area size, the bilateral asymmetry, the superiority of side, the outline of upper borders, the partial septa and the supraorbital cells. Frontal sinus patterns could be divided into above 20,000 possible combinations by combining the class numbers in each classification item described above. The frontal sinus pattern of a given person was formulated as a code number which was determined by arranging the class numbers in each classification item as serial numbers. This identification system by the frontal sinus pattern should allow one to characterize each person. The application of this identification system to an actual criminal case was also described.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry of the pituitary gland of the tortoise.

The pars distalis of the tortoise, Geoclemis reevesii, was studied immunocytochemically with regards to its fine structure and distribution of different cell types. The pars distalis consists of cephalic and caudal lobes and a zona tuberalis, each with distinct cellular components. The cephalic lobe contains ACTH cells and prolactin (PRL) cells, while the caudal lobe consists of STH (GH) cells, TSH cells and FSH/LH (GTH) cells. The zona tuberalis contains GTH cells and a small number of TSH cells. ACTH cells, found exclusively in the cephalic lobe, are amphophilic cells containing ACTH immunoreactive secretory granules 200-240 nm in diameter. PRL cells occur only in the cephalic lobe and are large oval or columnar cells containing large secretory granules 300-500 nm in diameter. The cells immunoreactive to anti-chicken LH serum are also reactive to anti-chicken FSH serum, and were identified as GTH cells. They are distributed in the caudal lobe and zona tuberalis, with a few in the pars tuberalis. The GTH cells contain numerous secretory granules of varying density and diameter 200-280 nm, and large globules. TSH cells are small rounded cells containing small secretory granules 180-240 nm in diameter, and distributed in the caudal lobe and zona tuberalis. After thyroidectomy, these cells are hypertrophied and develop to thyroidectomy cells containing large vacuoles and a few secretory granules. GH cells are typical orangeophiles distributed in the caudal lobe. They contain secretory granules 200-400 nm in diameter. The zona tuberalis, which covers the antero-lateral portion of the cephalic lobe, is closely similar in cellular constitution to that of caudal lobe. It may presumably be a structure extended from the caudal lobe and not a homologue of the mammalian zona tuberalis.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1982

Scanning electron microscopy and EDX analysis of exocrine and endocrine gland cells of rat pancreas surface-etched in an oxygen plasma.

Pancreas, double-fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide and embedded in epoxy resin was cut into sections 0.5-1 micron thick. The sections were surface-etched in an oxygen plasma produced by exciting oxygen with a radio frequency generator. Structural components of exocrine and endocrine cells were morphologically investigated in the secondary electron image mode of the SEM. Moreover, in order to identify some cell components such as endocrine granules, the morphological image obtained of the etched surface by the SEM were compared with those seen in a TEM, using the serial sections from the same tissue block and at the same cellular level. For a microanalytical investigation, tissues were fixed with glutaraldehyde alone. The structural components of exocrine and endocrine cells were analyzed by SEM/EDX. A better resolution under the SEM was obtained of 0.5-0.8 micron thick sections after surface-etching in an oxygen plasma for 1 minute. Intracellular structures such as nuclear membranes, nucleolus, mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticulum and zymogen granules were readily identifiable. Moreover, the internal structure of organelles such as cristae of mitochondria was recognized. In the serial sections, the mode of arrangement of intracellular structures in the SEM was well consistent with those in the TEM. The peaks of phosphorus, sulphur and calcium were clearly detected from the intracellular components such as nucleolus, nuclear membranes and secretory granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Morphological comparison of the cross section of the human and animal hair shafts by scanning electron microscopy.

In order to obtain some fine structural informations available for the identification of hair samples collected in small amounts or fragments, the preparation method of the samples for the scanning electron microscopy was investigated. Hair samples of human individuals and animals were mounted between two sheets of celluloid using isoamyl acetate and were sectioned to 20 microns thickness. These sections were collected in a test tube for dissolving the celluloid. After centrifuging in acetone, a small mass of sections was embedded in Spurr's epoxy resin. After polymerization, 1 micron thick sections were made on an ultramicrotome. The sections were mounted on glass slide and were surface-etched by exposure to oxygen plasma for 90 seconds. Observations were made in the secondary electron image mode of a scanning electron microscope. After surface-etching, a good resolution of the cross section was obtained. The arrangement of the cortical cells of human hairs was observed to be fairly irregular with conspicuous interdigitations of cell boundaries as compared with that of animal hairs. The medulla of human and animal hairs were filled with cellular remnants of destroyed medullary cells showing fibrous structures. The lamellar structures of cuticular cells became very clearly visible. The number and the overall thickness of cuticular cell layers in human and animal hairs investigated varied considerably between scalp and pubic hairs and from animal to animal.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

SEM/EDX analysis of inorganic elements in human scalp hairs with special reference to the variation with different locations on the head.

In order to obtain additional data for individualizing hair samples collected from the scene of crime, the authors attempted to analyze the inorganic elements in scalp hairs such as sodium, phosphorus, potassium and calcium by a SEM/EDX method. For the purpose of detecting such elements from scalp hairs efficiently, the samples were ashed on a carbon specimen mount for 60 minutes by an oxygen plasma microincineration technique. The characteristic X-ray counts of the elements were investigated as functions of hair location, viz., the frontal, the vertex, the nape, the left and the right lateral, on the head of the same person. The oxygen plasma microincineration method was very efficient in detecting sodium, phosphorus, potassium and calcium from scalp hairs. The characteristic X-ray counts of the elements, especially potassium and calcium, varied from person to person. Within the same location, the variation of X-ray counts was relatively low, with a standard deviation of less than 20%. It was observed that hairs from the frontal and the vertex locations, in general, showed lower X-ray counts for potassium than did those from the nape, the left and the right lateral locations. The calcium X-ray counts varied considerably from person to person but generally tended to give the highest value at the vertex location. The EDX spectrum pattern associated with such elements could be helpful in individualizing hair samples collected as forensic evidence.

Adult↗