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Biomedical subjects

S Miyahara

Publications and source records attributed to S Miyahara.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Chromosome damage in Down's syndrome induced by chickenpox infection.

Chromosomes were studied in 74-hr lymphocyte cultures from seven patients with Down's syndrome and from 12 hematologically and karyotypically normal control subjects. Six were studied before and six after chickenpox infection. In Down's syndrome, the number of breaks per cell was 0.083 +/- 0.036 immediately after chickenpox infection; this was significantly greater than the number of breaks before infection, 0.03 +/- 0.008, and also significantly greater than the number of breaks, 0.046 +/- 0.023, observed in control children with chickenpox. Therefore, chromosomes from patients with Down's syndrome were significantly more sensitive to breakage after chickenpox infection than those from control subjects. The incidence of chromosome breaks in Down's syndrome 1 month after chickenpox infection fell to the level observed in the preinfection range. The present results showed that the difference between the observed and the expected values for breakage in special regions of chromosome was not significant, but that chromosome breakage was random.

Chickenpox↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extracorporeal adsorption as a new approach to treatment of botulism.

Botulism is a paralytic disease caused by a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Outbreaks of the illness take place with a mortality rate of 10%, and the potential terrorist use of the toxin has become a serious concern. The current treatment includes administration of antitoxin, which can cause serious allergic reactions. Recently, we have successfully treated a 64 year old woman with the illness with IMMUSORBA TR350 (Asahi Medical, Tokyo, Japan), an extracorporeal adsorptive column containing polyvinylalcohol-tryptophan as an adsorptive agent, which has been widely used in Japan to treat myasthenia gravis and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Initially, the patient developed ocular muscle weakness and a variant of the Guillain-Barre syndrome was suspected. After extracorporeal treatment, her neurologic symptoms remarkably improved. After a series of treatments, botulinum toxin type B was isolated in the food she had eaten, establishing the diagnosis. An in vitro study revealed that the adsorptive column removed botulinum toxin to a significant extent. Our recent findings suggest that treatment with the adsorptive column TR350 can be a feasible option for botulism, which is a rare but potentially lethal disease.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a long-term inhalation of fragrances on the stress-induced immunosuppression in mice.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the long-term application of various fragrances on the suppression of immune response induced by high-pressure stress in mice. The immune response was analyzed based on plaque-forming cell (PFC) count, using mice sensitized with sheep red blood cells. The decreased PFC involving thymic involution induced by high-pressure stress in mice was restored by exposing the stressed mice to tuberose, lemon, oakmoss and labdanum for 24 h following exposure to stress. The decreased PFC and thymic involution from stress were restored by exposure to lemon and oakmoss, but not to tuberose and labdanum when the mice were exposed to those fragrances continuously for 3 weeks before the stress was given, followed by exposure to the same fragrances for 24 h after the stress. The decreased PFC and thymic involution from stress were restored by exposure to lemon and labdanum for 24 h after the stress, but not to tuberose over 3 weeks before the stress was given. These data suggest that the neuroimmunomodulatory effects of fragrances may be affected by tolerance depending on the kinds of fragrances in the case of a long-term application.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebellar leptomeningeal astroglial heterotopia in neurofibromatosis type 1.

Leptomeningeal astroglial heterotopia (LAH) was found in the cerebellum of 2 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1). This LAH was clearly and widely demonstrated with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry and was connected with parenchymal astroglial fibers. These findings suggest that NF 1 involves the dysplasia or overgrowth of astrocytes in the cerebellar leptomeninges.

Adolescent↗