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Biomedical subjects

S Mehta

Publications and source records attributed to S Mehta.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hydatid disease of spleen treated by cyst enucleation and splenic salvage.

A 4-year-old boy with unilocular hydatid cysts of spleen and liver was successfully treated by enucleation of both the cysts and salvage of the spleen. The conventional surgical treatment of choice for hydatid cyst of the spleen is splenectomy. The authors demonstrate that preservation of a spleen afflicted by hydatid disease is technically feasible and is recommended as the choice of treatment to obviate the well-recognized postsplenectomy complications especially in children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Muscle involvement during postnatal protein calorie malnutrition and recovery in rhesus monkeys.

The effect of protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) and, thereafter, nutritional rehabilitation on neuromuscular dysfunction was evaluated electromyographically, histopathologically and biochemically in 24 young, growing, healthy rhesus monkeys. There were 2 control and 2 PCM groups with 6 animals in each group. Animals of one control and one PCM group were killed at 10-12 weeks and those of the second PCM group were rehabilitated and killed together with the second control group at 20-22 weeks. The animals with PCM demonstrated irritability, muscular wasting, weight loss and reduced physical activity. The electromyographic findings showed a myopathic pattern revealed by significant reduction in motor unit potential duration and amplitude, and amplitude of interference pattern at maximum effort. The histopathological abnormalities were non-specific and consisted of rare obliterations of cross striations and streaming fibrillar appearance, mild increase in epimysial and perimysial tissue and 29-34% reduction in fibre size. A statistically significant reduction in motor nerve conduction velocity of median, ulnar, common peroneal and tibial nerves was found. The muscle Na and K were evaluated in all groups of animals. Muscle K content was reduced and Na concentration was augmented following PCM. The change in concentration of electrolytes within the fibres and reduction in the diameter of muscle fibres could be related to the observed functional alterations. These changes returned to normal in rehabilitated group.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ultrastructure and activity of some enzymes of energy metabolism of skeletal muscle in experimental energy deficiency.

The ultrastructure of skeletal muscle and activity of some enzymes of energy metabolism were studied to assess the effect of a deficiency of dietary energy and subsequent nutritional rehabilitation in 24 young, growing, healthy rhesus monkeys. Electron microscopy of muscles on energy-deficient animals showed thinning of myofibrils with widening of interfibrillar space and enlargement and accumulation of mitochondria at subsarcolemmal level. There was an apparent significant reduction in the fiber size. Muscle samples from each animal were analyzed for enzymes representative of glycolysis (phosphofructokinase [PFK] and lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], citric-acid cycle (isocitric dehydrogenase [ICDH] and citrate synthase [CS] and regeneration of ATP (creatine kinase [CK]. PFK and LDH activities were significantly augmented in energy-deficient animals. The increase in LDH activity resulted from a large increase in MU (skeletal muscle) LDH subunit. The activities of CS and ICDH were reduced. No alteration of CK in muscle and serum was observed. The morphological structure and enzyme activities returned to normal after nutritional rehabilitation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Monitoring of phenobarbitone in epileptic children.

Seventy-five children with different nutritional status, who were receiving phenobarbitone for treatment of various seizure disorders, were monitored for their plasma steady state level, therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. A wide inter individual variation in the steady state level was observed. About 10 percent of them had subtherapeutic level, while nearly 30 percent of them had potentially toxic levels, the remaining were within therapeutic range of 10-25 micrograms/ml. Poor compliance was found to be an important contributing factor for the variations in the level. Steady state levels were significantly higher in children with grade II protein energy malnutrition (PEM) than normally nourished children. A good correlation existed between plasma drug level and therapeutic response in nearly 60 percent of the children. Clinical toxicity was observed in nearly two thirds of the children, sedation and behavioral problems being the most common. The importance of monitoring the drug level is discussed for the proper management of epileptic children.

Child↗
PubMed1987

In vitro studies on leukemia cells and T lymphocytes in hairy cell leukemia.

Hairy cell leukemia cell lines were established from eight untreated patients using purified B cell growth factor (BCGF) in vitro. These cell lines maintained their original cell surface immunophenotype for about 1 month, after which they began to lose one or more of their characteristic surface antigens. The cell lines also maintained typical hairy cell leukemia morphology for 2-3 months in vitro but later showed an increasing number of multinucleate giant cells that maintained a B cell surface phenotype. The cell lines became independent of exogenously provided BCGF after at least 1 month in vitro and secreted BCGF activity into culture supernatants in most cases. Some cell lines also acquired Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen positivity after variable period. Two hairy cell leukemia patients also showed hyperactive T cell responses in vitro and exhibited spontaneous T cell proliferation in culture without exogenously supplied interleukin-2. These T cell lines had the T helper phenotype and secreted significant amounts of T cell-associated lymphokines with BCGF and interleukin-2 activity into culture supernatants.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Monitoring of drug therapy in epileptic children.

Twenty children who were receiving phenytoin either alone or in combination with phenobarbitone, were monitored for their plasma steady state levels. A wide interindividual variation was observed in steady state plasma levels. Among children who were receiving only phenytoin, nearly 50% had drug levels above 10 micrograms/ml. It was observed that children with drug levels above 10 micrograms/ml exhibited good therapeutic response. Two children who were presented with acute toxicity showed drug levels above 40 micrograms/ml. Children receiving combination of phenytoin and phenobarbitone showed extreme degree of variation in drug levels which was reflective of drug interaction. In view of the wide interindividual variation in level of phenytoin and the unpredictability of interaction with other anticonvulsants, the monitoring of drug levels become mandatory.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Jejunal interposition hepaticoduodenostomy for choledochal cyst.

Four cases of choledochal cyst with interesting modes of presentation were managed by excision of the cyst and biliary drainage by a new physiological and antireflux technique of jejunal loop interposition hepaticoduodenostomy. The advantages of this new technique over earlier practiced procedures are discussed.

Adolescent↗