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Biomedical subjects

S Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to S Matsubara.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

An elastic protein from the cortical layer of the sea-urchin egg.

An elastic protein was isolated from the cortical layer of the fertilized eggs of two species of sea-urchin. Young's modulus of the fiber of the sea-urchin protein was approximately 1-10(7) dyne/cm2. The amino acid compositions of the elastic protein from the two species of sea-urchin eggs were very similar to that of connectin, elastic protein from vertebrate skeletal muscle. The fluorescent antibody against muscle connectin stained the cortical layer of the sea-urchin egg. It appears that the elastic protein is responsible for the elasticity of the egg cortex.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Ceftezole, a new cephalosporin C derivative I. In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity.

Ceftezole, a new cephalosporin antibiotic similar to cefazolin, has the following chemical structure: (6R,7R)-8-oxo-7[2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido]-3-[(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-carboxylic acid. Ceftezole was found to be a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active in vitro against many species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Proteus vulgaris. The activity of ceftezole against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. appeared to be nearly equal to that of cefazolin and higher than those of cephaloridine and cephalothin. Cross-resistance was observed between ampicillin and cephaloridine, but not between ampicillin and ceftezole, in susceptibility tests on clinical isolates of P. mirabilis. The in vitro activity was little affected by the inoculum size, the presence of human serum or the test medium. Ceftezole exhibited apparent bactericidal activity at the concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against both S. aureus and E. coli. The development in vitro of resistance by S. aureus 209p and E. coli NIHJ to ceftezole after 16 transfers was similar to or somewhat slower than that to other drugs tested. Ceftezole was relatively stable in nutrient broth and minimally degraded in the serum or tissue homogenates of rats. Ceftezole, in a single subcutaneous administration, exhibited somewhat less efficacy in mice against intraperitoneal infections with Streptococcus pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae or P. mirabilis than either cephaloridine or cefazolin. However, ceftezole exhibited efficacy similar to that of cephaloridine or cefazolin when administered in three doses. Furthermore, ceftezole was as effective as cefazolin in the treatment of experimental abscesses in mice caused by subcutaneous inoculation with S. aureus.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ceftezole, a new cephalosporin C derivative II. Distribution and excretion in parenteral administration.

The distribution of ceftezole in blood and tissues and its excretion after intramuscular or intravenous administration of single doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg were compared with those of cefazolin, cephaloridine and cephalothin. Blood levels of ceftezole in rats and rabbits were lower than those of cefazolin, and higher than those of cephaloridine and cephalothin. Retention time of ceftezole in the blood was somewhat shorter than that of cefazolin. However, blood levels of ceftezole in dogs were nearly the same as those of cefazolin and cephaloridine. The rate of urinary excretion of ceftezole in 24-hour urine after administration in rats and rabbits was found to be higher than those of the other antibiotics tested. In dogs, however, the rate of urinary excretion of ceftezole was nearly the same as that of cefazolin and higher than those of cephaloridine and cephalothin. The biliary excretion of ceftezole in rats and dogs was much higher than those of cephaloridine and cephalothin, but lower than that of cefazolin. Tissue distribution of ceftezole in rats was compared with that of the other antibiotics by intramuscular and intravenous administration. The initial level of ceftezole in the kidneys was found to be substantially higher than those of the other antibiotics. The initial level of ceftezole in the liver and lungs was also slightly higher than those of the other drugs when administered intramuscularly. Tissue levels of ceftezole were somewhat lower than those of cefazolin in rabbits after intravenous administration. Ceftezole attained a higher maximum level in rat lymph by intramuscular administration than the other antibiotics tested. The maximum concentration of ceftezole present in the exudate in the rat inflammatory pouch was higher than that of cefazolin. In rabbits with cerebrospinal meningitis induced by infection of Streptococcus pyogenes, the level of ceftezole in the cerebrospinal fluid was several times higher than that in normal rabbits. The serum level and urinary excretion of ceftezole was examined in 6 healthy male volunteers after intramuscular administration of a single dose of 500 mg. Ceftezole attained a mean maximum serum level of 22.9 mug/ml 30 minutes after administration and disappeared from the blood in about 6 hours. It was excreted rapidly in the urine. The concentration in 1-hour urine was the highest (mean level: 2,667 mug/ml) and the total excretion rate was 92.6%. No metabolites with antimicrobial activity were observed in the urine. No changes in the pattern of plasma level and urinary excretion and no accumulation in the tissues were observed after repeated intramuscular administration of 20 mg/kg of ceftezole in rabbits, 26 times, for 14 days.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Preventive effect of D-glucarate against renal damage induced by kanamycin.

Kanamycin-induced renal impairment in dehydrated rats was spared by the administration of sodium D-glucaro-1,4-lactone. In the plasma elimination and urinary excretion studies, D-glucarate-treated rats showed quick removal of the antibiotic from the body as compared with non-treated rats. Organ distribution study clearly demonstrated the potent nephrotoxicity of kanamycin and the reduction effect of D-glucarate against the nephrotoxicity. The drug level in the kidney in non-treated rats was more than two orders of magnitude higher than those in other organs such as the liver, lung and spleen, and remained high for 48 hours after antibiotic administration. In D-glucarate-treated rats the kidney content of the drug was diminished as compared with non-treated rats just after the antibiotic administration, followed by a gradual decline with time.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Reticulosarcomatosis originating from skin--A clinicopathological study.

The case is that of a 65 year-old male with reticulosarcomatosis originating from the skin. There were multiple tumors composed of reticulum cells located only in the skin, particularly around the large joints. The entire course of illness was three years and five months, during which period regression by irradiation, recurrence, or new formation of tumors were repeatedly seen. At the end systemic tumor spread not only of the skin but also in various visceral organs including lymph nodes occurred. From histological and electron microscopic examinations repeatedly performed with biopsy materials, and finally with autopsy materials it was ascertained that the tumor cells had become smaller in size with less lymphoid cell infiltration at the terminal stage.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

The detection of cross-reacting material for alpha-antitrypsin in liver extracts by acid-starch electrophoresis.

Purified extracts of alpha-antitrypsin cross-reacting material (CRM) from liver of patients with MM, ZZ, and MZ phenotypes were studied by acid-starch electrophoresis and crossed immunoelectrophoresis. It is believed that CRM-M from liver is derived primarily from postmortem digested serum antitrypsin, whereas CRM-Z is a product of postmortem digested antitrypsin from hepatocytes. All extracts produced small bands of antitrypsin on the cathodal side of the gel: A single M band migrated faster than the single Z band, whereas CRM from an MZ heterozygote produced a combination of 2 mobile bands. The CRM-Z (from a ZZ phenotype) did not migrate toward the anode, in contrast to the presence of a broad plateau of antitrypsin protein with CRM-M (from an MM phenotype) or CRM-MZ. Thus, most of the CRM-Z protein could not be accounted for on routine acid-starch electrophoresis. However, an anodal peak could be seen on starch gels with CRM-Z at less acidic pH, suggesting that the anodal-migrating CRM-Z protein is denatured and loses antigenicity at lower pH.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1975

The variation in thermoelasticity with sarcomere length in frog's striated muscle.

The effect of lowering temperature on the resting tension of frog's striated muscle was studied at various sarcomere lengths, using whole muscle, single-fibre and skinned-fibre preparations. And the temperature coefficient of tension, beta=(1/P)(dP/dT) (P, tension; T, temperature) was investigated. In whole sartorius muscles in Ringer solution, beta was negative over the whole range of sarcomere lengths investigated. In the presence of 2 mM procaine the rubber-like thermoelasticity (beta greater than 0) was revealed at medium lengths. At shorter (greater than 2.3 mum) and longer (greater 2.7 mum) lengths, beta stayed negative. In single muscle fibres suspended in Ringer solution with mM procaine, beta was positive over a wider range of lengths (2;3-3.4 mum), and the peak positive value of beta was obtained at the length of 2.6 mum. In skinned fibres suspended in a relaxing solution, beta stayed positive up to the length of 4.2 mum, and the peak value of beta was obtained at the length of 3.0 mum which was considerably longer than in single fibres. The results substantiated A. V. Hill's view on the thermoelasticity of the muscle; there are components with positive beta (contractile apparatus) and those with negative beta (connective tissue and sarcolemma), and at high elongations the positive coefficient is masked by the increasing importance of the negative coefficient.,

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Isolation of Friend leukemia virus resistant line from non-inbred mouse colony.

Among a non-inbred ddY mouse colony, a small portion showed marked resistance to splenomegaly induction by Friend leukemia virus (FLV). The resistance to the virus appears to be governed by a single gene, and is dominant over the susceptibility. Thus, it was possible to breed two lines of mice, which are respectively resistant and susceptible to the virus. Resistant response to FLV of the resulting mice, which seemed to be homozygous for the dominant resistant gene, is similar to that of C57BL/6 and more rigid than that of BALB/c mice. Phenotype of F1, segregation ratio in F2 and BC1 hybrid progeny between resistant and susceptible lines were also compatible with the single gene model.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Material isolated from normal and variant human liver that immunologically crossreacts with alpha1-antitrypsin.

A material that strongly reacts with antibodies against alpha(1)-antitrypsin, but has little trypsin inhibitory capacity, has been isolated and purified to homogeneity from human liver. The molecular weight of the crossreacting material is about 18,000, which is significantly lower than that of serum alpha(1)-antitrypsin. The material isolated from the liver of a homozygous variant subject (ZZ) with alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency is readily distinguished by electrophoresis from the material extracted from a normal (MM) subject. The tissues from a heterozygous variant subject (MZ) contain the two components. The immunologically crossreacting material is presumably synthesized by the gene that codes for alpha(1)-antitrypsin.

Animals↗