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Biomedical subjects

S Mashiach

Publications and source records attributed to S Mashiach.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The relationship between posture and plasma catecholamines in the pregnant woman.

The response of endogenous norepinephrine levels (NE) to changes in body posture, lateral to supine, was investigated in a prospective study of 46 primigravid patients during the last half of pregnancy. Blood samples were obtained in the lateral and supine positions. The mean supine NE levels were not significantly higher in those patients destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) than in those who remained normotensive. The mean percent relative change of NE in the patients destined to develop PIH and in those who remained normotensive was not significantly different.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1983

Prolactinomas in women treated in the past for infertility.

This is a retrospective study on 352 infertile women who were treated with HMG-hCG (Human Menopausal Gonadotropin/human Chorionic Gonadotropin) between 1962 and 1977. The purpose of this study was to search for hyperprolactinemia and prolactinomas in these women. Hyperprolactinemia was found in 75 women (21%). The prevalence of hyperprolactinemia increases with age. Asymptomatic pituitary tumors were found in 29 of 31 women evaluated (94%). Three women had macroadenomas and 26 had microadenomas. We were not able to demonstrate that the HMG-hCG treatment and the ensuing pregnancy had any long-term ill effects on the size of the tumor. These findings suggest that prolactinomas were slow growing. An active search for these tumors must be made in women treated for infertility in the past.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[Episiotomy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Episiotomy↗
PubMed1983

Amniotic fluid fluorescence polarization value at physiological temperature: a marked improvement in assessing fetal lung maturity.

Determination of fetal lung maturity by measurement of the fluorescence polarization (P) value of the amniotic fluid at room temperature has become the method of choice in an increasing number of perinatal units because of its simplicity and relatively high predictive value. Nevertheless, its power to discriminate between cases with and without hyaline membrane disease (HMD) needs improvement. To this end, we assessed the discriminative power of the P value at the physiological temperature of 37 degrees C (P37) as compared with the power at 25 degrees C (P25). The study group consisted of 288 consecutive cases at risk for preterm delivery. Samples from all 288 cases were measured at 25 degrees C and samples from 112 of these were measured concurrently at 37 degrees C as well. HMD occurred in 27 infants of the total group, nine of whom belonged to the subgroup tested at both temperatures. When sensitivity was fixed at 100% the specificity of P37 was 97% as compared to 79% for P25 (p less than 0.001). The percentage of cases with infants free of HMD who had borderline P values was also significantly smaller: 1% vs 21%, respectively (p less than 0.001). Although data on more HMD cases are needed to establish the precise threshold of lung maturity for P37, we conclude that P37 is a considerably better discriminator for fetal lung maturity determination than P25.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1982

The prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of urethral obstruction and diverticulum of the urinary bladder.

In a 28 year old gravida 2 para 1 an ultrasonogram at 35 weeks of gestation revealed a huge cystic abdominal tumor in fetus. Postpartum ultrasound, excretory urography and micturating cystourethrography showed a trabeculated bladder with a large diverticulum and hydronephrosis due to a posterior urethral valve. The prenatal diagnosis of this anomaly and immediate surgical intervention prevented additional severe damage in the newborn.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Retrospective evaluation of human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin induction of ovulation in galactorrheic and hyperprolactinemic women.

A retrospective study on the success of induction of ovulation with human menopausal gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin (hMG/hCG) in 267 women was performed. Galactorrheic women had a higher pregnancy rate (55%) than nongalactorrheic women (22%). Galactorrhea was a far better indicator of the success of the treatment than hyperprolactinemia at present. The results obtained may suggest that in "bromocriptine failure" it is not mandatory to lower prolactin levels prior to induction of ovulation with hMG/hCG, and these women may be treated with menotropins alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of cornual transfer via laparotomy with utero-cervical transfer of cultured preimplantation rat embryos.

Most work on embryo transfer has used the cornual route via laparotomy for implantation. This method is time-consuming and costly in operating materials. Cervical transfer seems to offer a simpler route and the promise of time and cost saving. Technical difficulties, however, have prevented this method from becoming widely used. It was thought that mastery of this technique is essential to allow large-scale experiments in order to determine the optimal time for reimplantation, the optimal stage whether 8 cells, morulae, or blastocysts, and to compare culture media. All of these will have significant clinical applications. In this work Vickery's method of cervical transfer in mice was modified to include direct vision of the cervix and dilatation before implantation. With this modification equivalent results were found on cervical or cornual transfer, but a higher failure rate on cervical transfer. The results and implications are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Elective cervical suture of twin pregnancies diagnosed ultrasonically in the first trimester following induced ovulation.

The efficiency of elective cervical suture in preventing premature delivery thus reducing neonatal mortality was studied in a group of 50 twin pregnancies. All pregnancies occurred after induction of ovulation and twins were diagnosed early by ultrasound. 25 randomly selected patients underwent elective cervical suture. 22 sutured and 23 non-sutured patients were followed until delivery, while 5 patients aborted in the second trimester. The benefit of suturing on the duration of pregnancy and its outcome were assessed. Of the sutured patients, 10 (45.4%) delivered prematurely and the neonatal death rate was 18.2%. In the non-sutured patients, 11 (47.8%) delivered prematurely and the neonatal death rate was 15.2%. This study demonstrates that elective cervical suture was not effective in prolonging gestation or improving fetal outcome in twin pregnancies following induced ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Nonoperative management of ectopic pregnancy. A preliminary report.

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is increasing throughout the Western world; at present it is uncertain how much of this increase is due to the disease and/or its antecedents and how much due to better means of diagnosis. That the treatment of the obvious or ruptured ectopic pregnancy should be surgical is beyond doubt. However, in view of the natural tendency of some ectopic pregnancies to terminate in tubal abortion or complete resorption, it is questionable whether surgery is always necessary in every early case or whether some patients can be monitored by means of rising or falling levels of beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) until tubal abortion or resorption occurs. This may be the best means of preserving tubal function and fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Association of hypoparathyroidism and successful pregnancy in kidney transplant recipient.

The course of a successful pregnancy in a kidney transplant recipient suffering from hypoparathyroidism is reported. The infant, born at 34 weeks' gestation, had normocalcemia and transient hyperparathyroidism. Maternal hypocalcemic attacks are liable to occur in the third trimester. Close observation with adequate supplements of calcium and vitamin D derivatives are required. Enhancement of fetal lung maturation and early delivery are advocated as effective treatment for the increasing frequency of hypocalcemic seizures.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Determination of fetal lung maturity from amniotic fluid microviscosity in high-risk pregnancy.

During a 3-year period, 377 samples of amniotic fluid, free of blood and meconium and obtained from a total of 471 patients, were examined by the fluorescence polarization technique to estimate fetal lung maturity. Fluorescence polarization values of 287 samples from normal and abnormal pregnancies were correlated with gestational age. A total of 272 pregnancies comprising cases complicated by toxemia, placental insufficiency, placenta previa, premature contractions, and diabetes mellitus, and including a control group of 37, were studied to discern the effect of such pathologic conditions on the usual decline of fluorescence polarization (FP) values with increasing gestational age. No complicated pregnancy had values significantly different from those of the control group, except for pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. The threshold of fetal lung maturity as related to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was determined in correlation with the lecithin: sphingomyelin (L:S) ratio. FP values of 0.311 +/- .005 corresponded to an L:S ratio of 2.0. An FP value of 0.316 +/- .005 is recommended as a practical threshold related to the clinical outcome of the newborn as regards RDS. The technique was found reliable, simple, and accurate and has been of great value in the antenatal diagnosis of fetal lung maturity.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1981

Spontaneous pregnancy and its outcome after human menopausal gonadotropin/human chorionic gonadotropin-induced pregnancy.

The fertility in previously sterile women who conceived at least once following hMG/hCG-induced ovulation is investigated. The study comprises 141 women. The cumulative spontaneous pregnancy rate (CSPR) was calculated using life table analysis and was found to be 30.4% after 5 years. The CSPR for subsequent pregnancies reached 91.3% after 5 years. This figure is similar to that of normal parous women, although the study group (previously infertile women) requires a larger exposure period to attain the figure. The spontaneous abortion rate in the hMG/hCG-induced pregnancies was 29%; whereas in subsequent spontaneous pregnancies this rate was 8.8%. This difference in rate was found to be statistically significant, and the possible reasons are discussed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1981

Altered ontogenesis of muscarinic cholinergic receptor in mouse brain: effect of L-thyroxine and betamethasone.

The effects of L-T4 and betamethasone treatment of newborn mice on the development of the cholinergic muscarinic receptor in certain brain regions was studied using the potent labeled muscarinic antagonist [3H]4-N-methyl-piperidyl benzilate. Treatment with both L-T4 and betamethasone caused an accelerated accumulation of muscarinic receptors in the cortex 16 days post partum, with a subsequent reduction in level at 30 days. In the cerebellum and caudate putamen, only betamethasone caused a similar early accumulation of muscarinic receptors, while the later effect, namely a reduction in the level at 30 days, was seen with both hormones in these two regions as well as in the hippocampus. The results can explain some behavioral effects observed in other studies after treatment with these hormones.

Aging↗