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Biomedical subjects

S Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Laryngeal secretions. An immunochemical and immunohistological study.

This study was designed to investigate properties of laryngeal secretion and secretory activity of IgA in the larynx. Laryngeal secretions were collected by adsorption method on filter paper during laryngomicrosurgery from 20 patients having an inflammatory lesion in the larynx. Contents of IgG, IgA, IgE, secretory component (SC), and lactoferrin in the laryngeal secretions were determined and compared with results of those in nasal secretions, tracheobronchial washings, and serum samples obtained from the same subjects. The laryngeal mucosae of 8 laryngectomized materials for cancer lesion were subjected to immunofluorescence studies including the cytoplasmic SC affinity test. Results of this study indicate that laryngeal secretions are characterized by exocrine secretion, resembling nasal and tracheobronchial secretions in the electrophoretic pattern and immunoglobulins content. The immunofluorescence studies and SC affinity test found that the larynx possesses secretory activity of IgA, particularly in the ventricle and subglottis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of interaction between molecules of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus IE-2 using a yeast two-hybrid system.

Baculovirus IE-2 protein is one of well-known transactivators. In this report, we demonstrate that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) IE-2 interacts with itself. Several clones were obtained from a yeast two-hybrid screening system using IE-2 as bait and were found to encode IE-2 protein. Nucleotide sequencing of these clones showed that they contained C-terminal regions in common. Further analyses suggest that BmNPV IE-2 protein interacts with itself through 80 amino acid residues of coiled-coil domain in C-terminus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular supply to slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

The etiology of avascular necrosis associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis has not been well understood. The aims of this study were to clarify the blood supply to the slipped epiphysis and to examine whether this vascular supply is damaged before the reduction. Twelve patients (12 hips) underwent selective angiography of the medial circumflex femoral artery. There were seven stable slips and five unstable slips. All patients with slips underwent angiography before reduction, and one patient with an unstable slip underwent angiography both before and after reduction. The superior retinacular artery (SRA) was filled in all stable slips. This result was in accordance with the previous report that stable slips result in low rates of avascular necrosis. Of five unstable slips, the SRA was stained in two and was not filled in three. In one slip examined both before and after the manipulative reduction, the SRA was not seen before it but was well stained after it. These results have suggested that in some unstable slips the vascular injury occurs at the time of injury, before reduction, and that the reduction dose not necessarily contribute to the risk of avascular necrosis after slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Video-assisted total thyroidectomy.

During the last few years, video-assisted neck surgery (VANS) became one option for thyroid and parathyroid surgery. Reports on VANS were limited to partial resection of the thyroid gland. In this study, we described total thyroidectomy in a patient with Graves' disease. The patient had a thyrotoxic periodic paralysis and methimazole-induced hepatic toxicity as well as hepatitis B virus. Two incisions of 3.5 and 3 cm were placed in the right and left subclavicular regions, respectively. A third incision of 0.5 cm was made just to the right of the midline for the camera. Devascularization of the thyroid gland was performed by using ultrasonically activated shear. Tubal drains were inserted on both sides. The patient suffered from temporary postoperative hoarseness with the voice but had a normal calcium level. The drains were removed on the first postoperative day. The use of VANS may provide a new method for total thyroidectomy with a better cosmetic outcome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic factors in colorectal carcinoma: significance of peripheral T lymphocytes.

An analysis was made of a consecutive series of 150 patients with colorectal carcinoma treated in Shinkokura Hospital from 1973 to 1987. The prognostic factors included resection or nonresection, the year of resection, macroscopic type, histologic differentiation, venous and lymphatic invasion, Dukes' stage, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level and peripheral T lymphocyte count. CEA, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes were studied clinically and immunohistochemically. Clinical and immunohistochemical data on T lymphocytes were obtainable for 24 patients. Seventeen of the 24 were of more than 1000/mm3 of preoperative peripheral T lymphocytes and consisted of seven dense, six moderate and four slight immunohistochemical types, while the remaining seven were of less than 1000/mm3 of T lymphocytes and comprised one dense, two moderate and four slight ones. One-year survival rates of slight (8), moderate (8) and dense (8) types were 60%, 90% and 94%, respectively, and three-year survivals were 42%, 57%, and 76% (p less than 0.05). We suggest that the immunohistochemical demonstration of T lymphocytes relates to the peripheral T lymphocyte count and is one sign of an early, good prognosis for patient with colorectal carcinoma.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of spinal cord ischemia by monitoring spinal cord perfusion pressure and somatosensory evoked potentials.

The pressure difference between mean distal aortic pressure (MDAP) and cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), defined as relative spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were monitored intraoperatively to detect and prevent intraoperative ischemic spinal cord injury in 19 patients who required cross-clamping of the descending thoracic aorta. Temporary axillo-femoral shunt utilizing a 10 mm woven Dacron tube graft was employed in 10 patients and partial cardiopulmonary bypass in nine. Ischemic SEP changes were seen in five patients. Two patients, whose SCPPs were 32 and 35 mmHg, experienced the complete loss of SEP and developed paraplegia. In the other three cases, increase of MDAP and/or withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were performed to increase the SCPP to more than 40 mmHg when ischemic SEP changes occurred. SEP gradually recovered in two cases. The other patient underwent reimplantation of intercostal arteries since the ischemic SEP changes did not revert. These three patients recovered without any neurological deficit. In the other 14 cases without ischemic SEP changes, SCPP was kept at more than 40 mmHg during aortic cross-clamping. We conclude that the maintenance of SCPP at more than 40 mmHg by increasing MDAP and/or withdrawing CSF is an effective procedure in preventing postoperative paraplegia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Restriction fragment length polymorphism and activation of c-Ha-ras gene in urothelial cancer.

The human c-Ha-ras gene shows restriction length polymorphism (RFLP) due to the variable tandem repetition (VTR) of DNA sequences in the 3'-flanking region. It was suggested that RFLP of the c-Ha-ras gene may be useful in detecting individuals at risk of cancer. In vitro studies showed transcriptional enhancer and promoter activities in the VTR region. In some human tumors, the loss of one c-Ha-ras allele is observed. We discuss here the possible role of VTR and allelic deletion of the c-Ha-ras allele in primary human cancers in relation to c-Ha-ras expression, and the usefulness of c-Ha-ras RFLP in the risk assessment of urothelial cancer.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of human interferon alpha H, an interferon with two potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites.

Of the large number of human alpha interferon genes identified, only one, Hu-IFN-alpha H, contains potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites. With the use of a new vector that permits convenient expression, site-specific mutation, and DNA sequencing, Hu-IFN-alpha H was expressed in Escherichia coli. The bacterial product which is not glycosylated is fully active demonstrating that the carbohydrate on this species is not required for antiviral activity.

Asparagine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcrypt extensions of tonsillar crypts.

The crypts of human palatine tonsils were examined electron microscopically. The cryptal epithelia contained three types of micropores (termed microcrypt). Type I microcrypts opened between intercellular spaced of the epithelial cells. Free cells were observed in the micropores. Type II microcrypts opened near the center of a cryptal epithelial cell. Type III microcrypts appeared after "specialized epithelial cells" degenerated and fell off. Many mature plasma cells are attached to the walls of the sinusoidal vessels in the lower boundary zone of the epithelium and subepithelial layer. Lymphocytes were observed migrating from the postcapillary venules of the subepithelial zone. The findings indicate that the microcrypts are probably orifices for tunnel-like passages of free cells and that they are located in the walls of the tonsillar crypts. The lymphocytes in the passages perhaps come from lymphoid tissues in the subepithelial layer and postcapillary venules, and the antibodies produced in the cryptal epithelia of the palatine tonsils may contribute to humoral immunity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different clinical implications for ST depression and T wave inversion in non-Q wave myocardial infarction.

The differences between ST depression and T wave inversion in non-Q wave myocardial infarction were investigated in 42 patients with initial non-Q wave infarction, 22 patients with ST depression (ST group), and 20 patients with T wave inversion (T group). The extent of ischemic area estimated by electrocardiography and two-dimensional echocardiography, characteristic features of electrocardiographic changes, and clinical findings on admission and outcome were estimated. ST elevation preceded T wave inversion in the same leads in 80% (16/20) of the T group, and transient Q waves developed in 55% (11/20). However, neither ST elevation nor transient Q waves were observed in the ST group. Two or three ischemic segments were present in 86% (19/22) of the ST group patients, but only one ischemic segment was present in 60% (12/20) of T group patients, predominantly the anterior segment. The short-axis view of the two-dimensional echocardiogram on the level of papillary muscle showed decreased contraction in two or three of the anterior, lateral, and inferior segments of the left ventricle in 78% (14/18) of ST group patients. Only one segment with decreased contraction was present in 100% (17/17) of T group patients. Cardiac status on admission was lower in the ST than the T group: Killip class II-IV, 59% (13/22) vs 20% (4/20), p < 0.05; mortality rate after 1 month, 41% (9/22) vs 0% (0/20), p < 0.05. Coronary angiograms, left ventriculograms, and autopsy findings also showed extensive myocardial lesions in accordance with multivessel disease in the ST group, but localized myocardial lesion suggesting one-vessel territory in the T group. T wave inversion in non-Q wave myocardial infarction indicates a recovery phase in transient transmural ischemia and localized subendocardial infarction within the presumed one-vessel territory, while ST depression suggests the presence of extensive ischemia in the subendocardium of multivessel territory, and infarction within that region.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tuberculosis of the prostate: MR imaging.

Tuberculosis of the genitourinary tract is still encountered in routine examinations. We present a case of tuberculosis of the prostate with its MR findings.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anterior mediastinal schwannoma: a case report.

The most common neoplasms of the mediastinum are those of neurogenic origin, and the majority of these arise in the posterior compartment. We report a case of benign schwannoma originating in rare location, the anterior mediastinum, and its imaging findings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Therapeutic effect of CDDP and VP-16 against human bladder cancers.

In order to evaluate the anticancer effect of combination chemotherapy (CDDP and etoposide) against human bladder cancer xenografts transplanted in nude mice, we tried an experimental chemotherapy. The tumor was aseptically cut and subcutaneously transplanted into the backs of the nude mice. When the weight of each tumor reached 300 mg, CDDP (day 1; 4 mg/kg) and etoposide (day 1-5; 2 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally as single agent or in combination and repeated every 3 weeks. The estimated weight (mg) was obtained by (larger diam. x smaller diam.2) x 1/2. A continuous significant effect was observed in CDDP combined with etoposide against bladder tumor. Therefore, these results suggest that the combination chemotherapy using CDDP with etoposide is an efficacious treatment against human bladder cancer.

Animals↗