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Biomedical subjects

S Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Maeda.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[An autopsy case of primary hepatic malignant lymphoma and a review of 10 reported cases].

Primary malignant lymphoma is an extremely rare neoplasm in the liver, with only 10 cases having been reported in the English literature. An autopsy case of primary hepatic lymphoma is presented herein. Although a few lymph nodes were slightly involved, large involvement of lymphoma was apparent in the liver. This lymphoma was classified as a diffuse large-cell (histiocytic) type. Microscopically, the PAP method for immunoglobulin showed positive staining of IgG and lambda in the lymphoma cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Leukemia serum reactive with retrovirus-related antigen in normal human placenta.

Serum antibody reactive with a retrovirus-related p30 antigen in human normal term placenta was investigated and characterized by immunohistologic and immunoblotting methods. Sera obtained from patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma were used as first antibody, and cryostat sections of placenta were the target antigen. An IgM antibody that reacted mainly with the basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast of chorionic villi, where a putative human endogenous retrovirus p30 antigen is located, was directed by indirect immunofluorescence. This antibody activity, termed anti-basal aspect of syncytiotrophoblast (anti-BAST), was detected in the sera of many patients with acute leukemia (AML, ALL) and malignant lymphoma, and less frequently in sera of pregnant women and normal controls. As shown by immunoblotting analysis, the main reactive antigen recognized by anti-BAST was a non-glycosylated 32-kDa placental protein which was antigenically related to SSAV p30. A non-glycosylated 19-kDa protein was also considered to be one of the anti-BAST-corresponding antigens. This suggests the presence of a new antigen-antibody system of human retrovirus(es) revealed by subinfectious antigenic expression and by specific antibody activity in conditions of human health and disease, particularly, acute leukemias and malignant lymphomas of common types.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of human genomic DNA sequences homologous to the interleukin 2 cDNA.

Southern blot analysis of human placental DNA under low stringency hybridization conditions revealed several DNA fragments hybridizable to the human interleukin 2 (IL-2) cDNA. Four phage clones carrying these IL-2 cDNA-like sequences were isolated and their structures analyzed. A DNA fragment derived from one of the clones gave the strongest hybridization signal. Sequence analysis of this fragment revealed the presence of a cluster of three DNA segments, i.e. 20 base pairs (bp), 57 bp and 18 bp in length and having about 85%, 80% and 83% homology to three different parts of the coding region of human IL-2 cDNA, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Stereospecific effects of d- and l-pentazocine on contractions of the mouse vas deferens.

The effects of the d- and l-isomers of pentazocine were compared to that of racemic pentazocine on contractions of the mouse isolated vas deferens. L-pentazocine inhibited electrically evoked contractions of the mouse vas deferens (MVD) in a dose-dependent manner (ID50 0.37 +/- 0.04 microM). In contrast, d-pentazocine augmented field stimulated contractions dose-dependently; per cent increases in contractions at 10 and 30 microM were 57.8 +/- 18.0 and 98.0 +/- 15.1%, respectively. Racemic pentazocine produced an intermediate effect between the two isomers. The effect of 1-pentazocine was antagonized by naloxone, whereas that of d-pentazocine was not. L-pentazocine did not effect the response of the MVD to exogenous norepinephrine at any concentration tested, while d-pentazocine depressed the response of the MVD to exogenous norepinephrine at one dose (0.3 microM). These findings demonstrate that d- and l-pentazocine produce opposite effects on the MVD. The effects of l-pentazocine are opioid mediated, while those of d-pentazocine are not. In the racemic mixture the opposing effects of the two isomers modulate each other, resulting in a diminished effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Identification of carriers of mutant prealbumin gene associated with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type I by Southern blot procedures: study of six pedigrees in the Arao district of Japan.

Fifty-six Japanese individuals from six pedigrees with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), together with 2 individuals with symptomatic FAP from an unknown pedigree were analyzed, using the Southern blot procedures for the prealbumin gene structure. A human prealbumin cDNA was used as the probe. Altogether, these individuals included 20 with symptomatic FAP, 30 who were asymptomatic, and 8 disease-free spouses. Twenty individuals with symptomatic FAP were all heterozygous for the prealbumin genes, carrying one normal and one mutant gene. We confirmed the direct linkage between the mutant prealbumin gene and the Japanese type of FAP. Moreover, 10 of the 30 asymptomatic individuals from pedigrees with FAP were also heterozygous for the prealbumin gene. The number of asymptomatic individuals with the mutant prealbumin gene showed age-related decreases, and none was over 40 years. A linkage between the mutant prealbumin gene and serum levels of the prealbumin variant was also evident.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Mesenteric varices demonstrated by transhepatic portography.

A case of mesenteric varices draining into the left renal vein is reported. The varices were well demonstrated by percutaneous transhepatic portography and were obliterated. This disease entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with lower gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage and portal hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Screening of anti-HTLV antibody in sera of normal individuals and patients with malignancies in Taiwan.

In the present study an immunofluorescence using KH-2 cells as target cells, has been developed for the screening of 1200 serum samples from normal individuals and 450 of cases from patients with various malignancies. The positive anti-HTLV-I antibody rate in the former group is 0.083% (1/1200) and while in the latter it is found to be 1.8% (8/450) (including 3 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cases of the 92 hematopoietic and 5 of 358 non-hematopoietic malignancies). The differences between the two groups are found to be significantly different (p value is less than 0.0001). In addition to the 3 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cases, the 5 seropositive cancer patients are of 5 different diseases. We have searched for the adult T-cell leukemia virus antigen and the p19 core protein in lymphoid cells of seropositive persons and the only positive cases were from cells of two proven adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) patients. Our results suggest that Taiwan is not an endemic area of adult T-cell leukemia virus and that KH-2 cells may be used for the detection of anti-HTLV-I antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Suppression of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced chromosome aberrations in rat bone marrow cells by vegetable juices.

A study was made of the in vivo effects of various vegetable juices on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced chromosome aberrations (CA) in rat bone marrow cells. DMBA-induced CA consisted mainly of gaps and breaks. Exchanges were observed infrequently. Depending on the progressive severity of their chromosome damage, cells were classified into 4 categories: cells with gaps only, cells with breaks, cells with exchanges, and cells with multiple CA (more than 10 aberrations). Multiple Ca and the number of aberrations per cell, reflecting the severity of damage within a cell, were significantly suppressed by most vegetable juices investigated. The effect of fresh or boiled juices from 10 vegetables on the incidence of DMBA-induced aberrant metaphase cells (not including cells with gaps) revealed significant suppression of the incidence by fresh or boiled juice from onion, burdock, egg plant, cabbage and welsh onion. There was no difference between the effect of fresh juice or boiled juice except in the pumpkin. Fresh pumpkin juice, conversely, enhanced the incidence of aberrant cells, while boiled pumpkin juice significantly suppressed it. The present results may suggest that some vegetables, such as onion, suppress chemically induced cancer. Glutathione also suppressed DMBA-induced CA; it is, of course, well known that SH compounds analogous to GSH are plentiful in onion and welsh onion.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1986

Optimum dose of cold potassium cardioplegia for patients with chronic aortic valve disease: determination by left ventricular mass.

Twenty-eight patients with chronic aortic valve disease and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy who underwent aortic valve replacement were studied. Angiographically obtained LV mass ranged from 113 to 580 gm (average, 292 gm). In 14 patients, the LV mass per square meter of body surface area was 200 gm or more. Cold glucose-insulin-K+ cardioplegic solution was infused to obtain a myocardial temperature of less than 15 degrees C. The initial dose of cardioplegic solution was increased to as much as 25 mL per kilogram of body weight when LV hypertrophy was severe. The initial dose was standardized by LV mass and ranged from 1.0 to 3.6 ml/gm (average, 2.7 ml/gm). Postoperative peak levels of the myocardial-specific isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CPK-MB) showed no significant relationship to aortic cross-clamp time, but were related significantly to LV mass (r = 0.457, p less than 0.02). The initial dose of cardioplegic solution per LV mass and the peak CPK-MB had an inverse relationship (r = -0.753, p less than 0.001). Also, peak CPK-MB was significantly lower in those patients with an initial dose of cardioplegic solution per LV mass of 2.5 ml/gm or more regardless of the size of the LV mass (300 gm or more and less than 300 gm) in spite of no significant difference in myocardial temperature. These results indicate that the dose determination of cardioplegic solution by LV mass seems desirable for patients with chronic aortic valve disease and LV hypertrophy even when myocardial temperature is monitored.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Synthesis and hypolipidemic activities of 5-thienyl-4-oxazoleacetic acid derivatives.

A series of 2,5-disubstituted 4-oxazoleacetic acid derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for hypolipidemic activity. Among them, those with a thienyl group at C-5 of the oxazole ring exerted highly potent hypolipidemic effects in rats. 2-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-(3-thienyl)-4-oxazoleacetic acid (88) was the most potent derivative: it was about 2 times as active in normal SD male rats and about 4 times as active in hereditary hyperlipidemic rats (THLR/1) as clofibrate with an improved antiarteriosclerosis index (HDL-Cho/Total-Cho). In addition, it showed inhibition of platelet aggregation ex vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Secondary activation of c-abl may be related to translocation to the nucleolar organizer region in an in vitro cultured rat leukemia cell line (K3D).

Localization of cellular oncogenes (c-onc) near the break points of translocations in tumor cells has indicated involvement of these genes in neoplastic growth. Enhanced transcription of the cellular homolog (c-abl) of the transforming sequence of Abelson murine leukemia virus was observed in K3D, which was one of the cloned cell lines of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced rat erythroblastic leukemia. Since the c-abl activation was not observed in the parent cell line (K2D) from which K3D was derived and the latter was different from the former in the presence of a new marker chromosome, t(3;12), this marker may play a role in the expression of c-abl in K3D cells. In contrast to the human c-onc assignments, few rat c-onc assignments have been reported. In situ molecular hybridization studies assigned c-abl to the 3q12 site of the normal chromosome 3 and to the break point of the translocation t(3;12) in K3D cells. Another break point in this translocation chromosome 12p11 involves the nucleolar region, and the 3;12 translocation may involve c-abl and nucleolar cistrons. These results provide evidence of secondary c-onc activation during karyotypic evolution of cloned malignant cells.

Abelson murine leukemia virus↗
PubMed1986

Structure and expression of the mouse prealbumin gene.

We cloned a genomic DNA fragment which covers the entire sequence of the mouse prealbumin gene and then studied the structure. The coding regions are separated into four exons by three introns, and these numbers, the sizes of the exons and the relative sites of the exon-intron junctions are all in complete agreement with those determined for the human gene. The sequences of four exons can be aligned perfectly with that of the previously determined mouse prealbumin cDNA. In addition to the exon regions, we found two highly conserved DNA regions between the mouse and human prealbumin genes, one in the 5'-flanking region of the gene and the other in the 3' end region of the first intron. These DNA regions contain several consensus glucocorticoid receptor-binding site sequences, and the latter also contains an enhancer sequence present in the immunoglobulin kappa-chain joining-constant kappa intron. RNA hybridizing to the mouse prealbumin cDNA was detected in the extracts from liver, brain, and kidney, but was not detected in testes, spleen, or heart. Little change was caused in the level of prealbumin mRNA in the liver by administration of dexamethasone to mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Isolation and characterization of the complete complementary and genomic DNA sequences of human serum amyloid P component.

Complementary and genomic DNA clones corresponding to the human serum amyloid P component (SAP) mRNA have been isolated and analyzed. The nucleotide sequences of the cDNA and the corresponding regions of the genomic SAP DNA reported here were identical, and revealed that after coding for a signal peptide of 19 amino acids and the first two amino acids of the mature SAP protein, there is one small intron of 115-base pairs (bp), followed by a nucleotide sequence coding for the remaining 202 amino acid residues. The SAP gene has an ATATAAA sequence 29-bp upstream from the cap site, but there is no CAAT box-like sequence. A possible polyadenylation signal sequence, ATTAAA, was found to be located 28-bp upstream from the polyadenylation site. A comparison of the genomic SAP DNA sequence with that of human C-reactive protein (CRP) revealed a striking overall homology which was not uniform: several highly conserved regions were bounded by non-homologous regions. This comparison provides further support for the hypothesis that SAP and CRP are products of a gene duplication event.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Analyses of prealbumin mRNAs in individuals with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy.

The distribution of prealbumin mRNA in various tissues of a control subject and an individual with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) was investigated using a cloned human prealbumin cDNA as a probe. Prealbumin mRNAs were detected in the total RNAs from liver and choroid plexus of brain, but not in those from brain, heart, kidney, and thyroid gland. The level of prealbumin mRNA in the choroid plexus was about 100-fold higher than that in the liver. We detected no differences in the sizes of prealbumin mRNAs in the liver and choroid plexus of the control subject, or in those of the individual with FAP, and found that the prealbumin mRNAs in these tissues had been transcribed from a common transcription initiation site. The levels of prealbumin mRNAs in the livers of four control subjects and those of six individuals with FAP were much the same. Because all the individuals with FAP so far examined were heterozygous for the prealbumin gene, carrying one normal and one mutant gene, the levels of the normal and mutant prealbumin mRNAs in the liver and the brain tissue containing choroid plexus were separately estimated and were found to be approximately equal.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1986

A cDNA clone used to study mRNA inducible in human tonsillar lymphocytes by a tumor promoter.

A cDNA clone inducible by either a tumor promoter, 12-o-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), or a T-cell mitogen, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), was isolated from a cDNA library constructed from the poly(A) + RNAs of TPA- and PHA-stimulated human tonsillar lymphocytes, and was named pLD78. Stimulation of the tonsillar lymphocytes with either TPA or PHA increased the amount of pLD78-specific RNA by about 10-fold, and simultaneous stimulation with TPA and PHA, by at least 30-fold. Analysis of the pLD78 cDNA sequence revealed that it codes for a polypeptide consisting of 92 amino acid residues, including a putative signal sequence. Moreover, the sequence of the 5' flanking region of the nuclear DNA encoding for the pLD78 cDNA showed a significant homology with the corresponding regions of the human interleukin 2 and immune interferon genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗