Mental health profile in the process of modernization in China.
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Child↗
Biomedical subjects
S Li
Publications and source records attributed to S Li.
[Effect of zinc-intensified milk powder on hematopoiesis in mice].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Zn-intensified milk powder and zinc on hematopoiesis in mice. METHODS: Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups (n = 9 each) (control group; milk powder group; equal zinc group; high zinc group) and fed on experimental diet for 24 weeks. RESULTS: 1. In high zinc group: the mice hemoglobin (Hb) declined (P < 0.05) after 12 wk of supplementation and were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in control group at 16 wk. At 24 wk, the mice showed lower Hb, red blood cell(RBC), hematocrit (HCT), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) compared with control group (P < 0.05). Bone marrow aspirates revealed erythroid hyperplasia. Zinc concentrations in serum, liver and kidney were higher (P < 0.01) and copper was lower than that of control group(P < 0.01). 2. At 16 wk, no change occurred in milk powder group and equal zinc group. At 24 wk, parameters changed in milk powder group similar to those in high zinc group, and in equal zinc group liver and kidney copper was lower than that in control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ingestion of over-dosed zinc could induce anemia. Generally, intake of Zn-intensified milk powder is safe, but long-term intake of the milk powder may interfere with hematopoiesis.
Animals↗
[Forty-seven cases of lower respiratory tract infections due to E. ictaluri].
OBJECTIVE: To study the risk factors and treatment of lower respiratory tract infections due to E. ictaluri, and the cause of its improved detection by sputum culture in recent years. METHODS: To sum up the number of positive cultures and analyze the clinical features of the cases with positive sputum culture tested from 1959 to 1998. RESULTS: Before 1996, there were no positive cultures (0%) in 17,500 sputum samples using manual techniques, in 1997 and 1998 the aggregate positive rate was 2.3% (47/1,962), using SCEPTOR detecting instrument. On chi square testing of the two results derived from the two methods, P < 0.001. On drug sensitivity testing, E. ictaluri was sensitive to imipenem, cefotaxime and tobramycin. CONCLUSIONS: E. ictaluri is an uncommon opportunistic pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections. Lowered body resistance is a risk factor, and improved technology is the principal cause for detection of E. ictaluri infections.
Adolescent↗
[Histomorphometry of silicon nitride composite endosteal implant in dogs].
OBJECTIVE: To study the dynamic changes of bone interface with silicon nitride (Si3N4) composite implants. METHODS: 4 Beagle dogs were experimental animals, Si3N4-HA and pure Si3N4 implant were experimental group, and Ti and Ti-HA were used as comparisons. They were implanted into dogs' femurs by stages. Histomorphometry was used to analyse and compare bone growth metabolism of bone interface with implant as well as evaluation of biocompatibility from quantitative and dynamic aspects. RESULTS: Parameters expressing mineralization and speed of deposition at the Si3N4-HA bone interface were higher than comparisions' at the first month. After 6 months, pure Si3N4's bone histomorphometic parameters had no notable difference with others. CONCLUSION: New implant material is useful to the clinic. The histomorphometry is of much value for the study of interface bone metabolism from quantitative and dynamic point of view.
Animals↗
[A randomized controlled clinical study of sparfloxacin versus ofloxacin in the treatment of bacterial infections].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sparfloxacin in the treatment of bacterial infections. METHODS: A randomized controlled multi-centre clinical trial was conducted. Ofloxacin used as the control drug. A total of 212 patients entered the study, with 106 in the sparfloxacin group and the remaining 106 in the ofloxacin group. Both compounds were given by oral administration. RESULTS: The cure rate of sparfloxacin and ofloxacin was 74.5% and 69.8% respectively and the overall efficacy rate was 91.5% and 88.7% respectively. The bacterial clearance rate was 90.7% in the sparfloxacin group and 90.8% in the ofloxacin group. The adverse drug reaction rate of sparfloxacin and ofloxacin was 9.43% and 8.49% respectively. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups for the above results. The results of in vitro activity of sparfloxacin as compared with other 5 antibacterial agents showed that sparfloxacin had good activity against many Gram-negative organisms and was similar to those of ofloxacin. The activity against Gram-positive organisms (MIC(90) <or= 0.25 mg/L) was generally higher than that of ofloxacin. CONCLUSION: Sparfloxacin is a highly effective and safe broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for the treatment of bacterial infections. It is also effective in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive organisms.
Adolescent↗
[A preliminary study on hepatitis E virus antibody IgG and IgM for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of hepatitis E virus antibody (anti-HEV) IgG and IgM for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E. METHODS: Acute phase sera from a total of 143 patients with sporadic hepatitis E in 7 cities of China were determined for anti-HEV IgM and IgG by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA). 359 serial sera of 56 patients with hepatitis E and 68 serial sera of 4 rhesus macaques experimentally infected with hepatitis E virus (HEV) were also detected for anti-HEV IgG and IgM. RESULTS: In the 143 patients the positive rate of anti-HEV IgG was 100.0%, which was significantly higher than that of anti-HEV IgM (73.4%, 105/143). 97.2% of anti-HEV IgG positive patients had a titer over 1:40. The positive rate of anti-HEV IgM increased with the titer of anti-HEV IgG in sera. It was 0% (0/4), 44.4% (8/18) and 80.2% (97/121), respectively in patients with the anti-HEV IgG titer of 1:20, 1:40 and >or=1:80 (P < 0.001). All the anti-HEV IgM positive patients were also anti-HEV IgG positive. No patients were found to be anti-HEV IgM positive alone. Anti-HEV IgG was detected as early as 2 days after onset of the disease, with a cumulative positive seroconversion rate of 100% by 1 month. The negative seroconversion rate of anti-HEV IgG increased with course of the disease and 43.3% of the patients lost their anti-HEV IgG by 6 months after illness. Though anti-HEV IgM also seroconverted at the same time as anti-HEV IgG, its cumulative positive seroconversion rate was only 71.4% and declined rapidly. Up to 37.5% of anti-HEV IgM positive patients became negative by 1 month after onset. Similar antibody responses were observed in 4 rhesus macaques experimentally infected with HEV. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that as a result of the poor sensitivity of currently available anti-HEV IgM EIA kits, anti-HEV IgG will be a more reliable marker for the diagnosis of acute hepatitis E as compared with anti-HEV IgM.
Acute Disease↗
[The expression of Mdm2 protein and p53 mutation in lung squamous cell carcinomas and their clinicopathological significance].
OBJECTIVE: In order to study the interrelation between p53 mutation, Mdm2 overexpression and pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS: Forty-five pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas were investigated for expression of Mdm2 protein and p53 mutation using immunohistochemical techniques and PCR-SSCP. The findings were correlated with the clinicopathological features of carcinomas. RESULTS: (1) Mdm2 protein overexpression (62%, 28/45) and p53 mutation (51%, 23/45) are a common event in pulmonary squamous cell carcinomas (P < 0.05). (2) Statistical analysis revealed a strong correlation between Mdm2/p53 coexpression and lymph metastases (66%, 10/15) was observed (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The coexistence of Mdm2 protein and p53 aberration in a subset of pulmonary carcinomas may be indicative of a gain of function phenotype with more aggressive characteristic.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
[The alteration of microsatellite DNA in lung cancer].
OBJECTIVE: To study the alteration of microsatellite DNA in primary lung cancer and its value of diagnosis for lung cancer. METHODS: Five microsatellite markers on chromosome 3P13-26 have been examined in 50 primary lung cancer tissues and their normal lung tissues. RESULTS: In fifty lung cancer, the incidence of microsatellite instability (MSI) was 52% (26/50) and the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) 38% (19/50). The positive rate of MSI in poorly differentiated lung cancer (13/17, 77%) was significantly higher than that in well, moderately differentiated (10/28, 36%). The sensitivity in the diagnosis of lung cancer was 72% by combining MSI and LOH. CONCLUSIONS: MSI and LOH may play a certain role in the carcinogenesis and progression of lung cancer and they may be valuable molecular markers in diagnosis of lung cancer.
Adult↗
[Surgical treatment of trigeminal neurinomas].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the best surgical approach to remove of trigeminal neurinomas (TNs). METHODS: 75 patients with TNs in Huashan Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: In early group (1978 - 1984) conventional intradural approaches were used, and in late group (1985 - 1995) an epidural approach via the skull-base craniotomy was utilized. Total removal of was achieved in 58% (20/35) in the early group and 80% (32/40) (P < 0.05) in the late group. Temporary or permanent cranial nerves morbidities were 62.7%, 37% in the early group and 28.1%, 10% (P < 0.01) in the late group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The best surgical approach with microsurgical technique for removal of TNs is epidural approach or epiduro-transduro-transtentorial approach via a skull-base craniotomy except the tumor only confined to the posterior fossa.
Adolescent↗
[Malignant pheochromocytoma: diagnosis and treatment].
OBJECTIVE: To review the experience with the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pheochromocytoma. METHODS: Between 1986 and 1996, 7 patients with malignant pheochromocytoma were analysed. RESULTS: Compared with benign pheochromocytoma of adrenal gland, the malignant one usually exceeded 7.0 cm in diameter, irregular in shape, invading the surrounding tissue and the normal structure of the effected adrenal gland disappeared. Bleeding and necrotic area were seen in tumor mass, even seemed as a cystic lesion with thick wall. In some patients, blood catecholamine and urine VMA significantly elevated without hypertension. The separating phenomenon and progressive weight loss, accelerated ESR were characteristics of malignant pheochromocytoma. CONCLUSIONS: In some patients with malignant pheochromocytoma, histological findings are not consistent with their biological behaviors. Follow-up studies is mandatory in malignant pheochromocytoma as well as in benign one. Recurrence and/or metastasis after operation often occur in patients with malignant pheochromocytoma. In addition to early diagnosis and surgery, radiotherapy of tumor bed and systematic chemotherapy should be emphasized.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
[Study of the relation between mutant gene in bile and hepatic metastasis of large intestinal carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of point mutant genes in the diagnosis of hepatic metastasis of large intestinal carcinoma. METHODS: Techniques of PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing were used to detect point mutations of p53 and k-ras genes in primary focus, hepatic metastatic focus, and bile. RESULTS: 50 cases of large intestinal cancer were detected. 38 cases (76.0%) had p53 and k-ras gene mutations. p53 gene mutations were detected in 28 cases (56.0%) and k-ras gene mutations in 16 cases (32.0%). The same point mutant genes in bile with primary focus were detected in 10 out of 12 patients with hepatic metastasis (83.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The tumor cells of hepatic metastasis show the same clonal origin with primary focal cells that had same point mutant genes. Detection of the point mutant genes in bile is of value in the diagnosis of hepatic metastasis of large intestinal carcinoma.
Bile↗
[The detection and its clinical significance of cancer cells in portal vein blood of patients with colorectal carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To study the relation between cancer cells in portal vein blood and liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: The presence of CK20 mRNA was investigated by non-isotope RT-PCR in 54 cases. RESULTS: The positive rate of CK2O mRNA in portal vein blood was 75.9%. The positive cases were significantly correlated with Dukes stage and live metastasis. There was a higher probability of liver metastasis in positive cases after operation. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of CK20 in portal vein blood may improve the accuracy of clinical staging and diagnose liver micrometastasis of colorectal carcinoma.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
[Plasma level of glucagon in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension during operation of portacaval shunts].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the plasma level of glucagon in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension during operation of portacaval shunts. METHODS: Plasma level of glucagon in the portal venous, peripheral venous and arterial blood in cirrhotic patients (n = 16) and control patients (n = 16) was measured by radioimmunoassay respectively. RESULTS: The glucagon ratio (pg/ml) of the hepatic cirrhosis group before, during after operation 3 days after operation, 7 days after operation was observed portal venous blood: (189.2 +/- 58.7) pg/ml, (196.1 +/- 54.2) pg/ml vs. (101.9 +/- 44.8) pg/ml, (98.2 +/- 34.1) pg/ml (P < 0.01); peripheral venous blood (184.1 +/- 48.2) pg/ml, (187.5 +/- 42.8) pg/ml vs. (102.4 +/- 34.7) pg/ml, (95.2 +/- 24.9) pg/ml (P < 0.01); arterial blood: (186.3 +/- 51.3) pg/ml, (183.5 +/- 54.2) pg/ml vs. (103.4 +/- 36.3) pg/ml, (93.9 +/- 30.6) pg/ml (P < 0.01). The portal vein pressure was positively correlated to the plasma level of glucagon in portal venous blood of cirrhosis (r = 0.57, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglucagonemia may be caused by the decreased glucagon metabolism in cirrhotic liver and hypersecretion of pancreas and the gastrointestinal tract. Hyperglucagonemia may be amended after portacaval shunts.
Adult↗
[Transfection of articular chondrocytes with PcNDA3-hBMP3 and its stable expression].
OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility of stable expression of PcDNA3-hBMP3 in cultured articular chondrocytes of rabbit. METHODS: PcDNA3-hBMP3 was constructed using gene clone technique and recombined DNA technique. With the help of profectamine, the cultured articular chondrocytes were transfected with PcDNA3-hBMP3, and the evidence of successfully stable transfection in these cells could be obtained by positive northern blot. RESULTS: The cultured articular chondrocytes of rabbits seemed to be polygonal, and its logarithmic growth phase was 2 - 4 days after cell inoculation. The two fragments cut from PcDNA3-hBMP3 by EcoR I and Xba I represented 5.4 kb and 1.4 kb by electrophoresis, which were confirmed to be the carrier and the fragment inserted originally, indicating that the construction of PcDNA3-hBMP3 was successful. The RNA extracted from cultured chondrocytes was screened for 4 weeks by G418 hibrided with the fragment cut from hBMP3 positively. CONCLUSIONS: With the help of profectamine, the cultured articular chondrocytes can be transfected by recombined gene of PcDNA3-hBMP3 successfully, and their stable expression at 4 weeks after transfection is obtained.
Animals↗
[Chemotherapeutic failure in micrometastasis in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal carcinomas].
OBJECTIVE: To study chemotherapeutic failure in the micrometastasis in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal carcinomas and its clinical significance. METHODS: We investigated the changes of micrometastasis in peripheral blood of patients with colorectal carcinomas before and after chemotherapy. RESULTS: The positive rate of CK2O mRNA in peripheral blood was 58.3%. Five more positive cases were detected 3 days after operation than before operation. After early short-term chemotherapy following operation, 22 cases turned to be negative. The maintaince of micrometastasis in peripheral blood after chemotherapy was significantly related to bcl-2 expression and p53 mutation in cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The early short-term chemotherapy after operation plays a role in controlling the micrometastasis of colorectal carcinoma. The study of chemotherapeutic effect on micrometastasis in peripheral blood and its relation with the related genes may contribute to the selection of drugs and plans of adjuvant treatment.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
[Prevention of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer: a clinical study].
OBJECTIVE: To lower postoperative recurrence rate of bladder cancer, the prophylactic effects of five kinds of method on bladder cancer were evaluated. METHODS: Between 1982 and 1997, 313 patients after TURBT or partial cystectomy were followed up for 2 to 15 years (average 7.6 years). These patients were divided into six groups: BCG, mitomycin C (MMC), thiotepa, Chinese herb medicine Zhuling (Grifola umbellata pilat), afterloading brachytherapy and control group. The prophylactic effects of them on postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer was evaluated. RESULTS: During the follow-up, the recurrence rates were 35.1% in BCG group, 34.9% in Zhuling group, 41.7% in MMC group, 52.6% in thiotepa group, 64.7% in control group, respectively. 25 high-risk patients with invading or multiple bladder cancer were treated by afterloading brachytherapy. They were followed up from 12 to 42 months, with a recurrence rate being 24.0%. CONCLUSIONS: The prophylactic effect of Zhuling and BCG on bladder cancer recurrence was better than MMC. The vale of thiotepa was not significant. The afterloading brachytherapy was of great vale to invading or recurrent, multiple bladder cancer.
Adult↗
[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of idiopathic slow transit constipation].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis, the diagnostic criteria, and the therapeutic method of idiopathic slow transit constipation. METHODS: History recording, bowel transit, anorectal dynamic, electromyography of the pelvic floor and defecography were performed before subtotal or total colectomy for severe constipation resistant to conservative treatment. RESULTS: The natural stool frequency was decreased and the time of bowel transit was delayed. The rectal sensation and the ability to reflect inhibition of the pelvic floor when attempting to defecate were damaged significantly compared with normal controls. pathological findings showed that the argyrophilic neurons in the myentenic and submucous plexus reduced quantitatively. All the patients were followed up for an average of 32.2 months. Satisfactory functional outcome was obtained in 91.8% of the patients receiving the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The severe damage colon transit function is due to the impairement of the myentenic and submucous plexus of the colon. It causes vary. The diagnosis of the disease is dependent on the typical clinic features and the bowel transit test. The symptoms of constipation could be relieved effectively by removal of the pathologic colon.
Adolescent↗
[Clinical diagnosis of fungal keratitis by confocal microscopy].
OBJECTIVE: To illustrate the value of confocal microscope in the diagnosis of fungal keratitis. METHODS: In vivo confocal microscopy was performed on 43 patients of suspected fungal keratitis. The results were compared to that of smears and biopsies. RESULTS: Fungal filaments were imaged in 31 of 43 patients' corneas. Fungal keratitis was diagnosed in 32 patients based on clinical signs and all the methods of examinations. The positive rate of confocal microscopy is 96.9%. CONCLUSION: Confocal microscopy can be a rapid, effective and noninvasive imaging technique, and it is helpful in the diagnosis, treatment and study of fungal keratitis.
Adolescent↗