Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Leikin

Publications and source records attributed to S Leikin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

A new therapy schedule for pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma toxicity with preliminary results.

A pilot study of the toxicity and efficacy of a new treatment schedule for childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was conducted by members of the Children's Cancer Study Group (CCSG) prior to its use in a randomized phase III trial. Chemotherapeutic agents used were cyclophosphamide (CPM), vincristine (VCR), and prednisone, together with intravenous (IV) and intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTS). Radiation therapy was also employed. From September 1976 to April 1977, 27 eligible, newly diagnosed patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were entered onto this pilot study. Toxicity was acceptable with minor adjustments in dosage and timing of the myelosuppressive agents. Fourteen of the 22 patients entered onto maintenance remain entirely disease-free, and all have completed the prescribed course of chemotherapy. None of the 12 patients characterized as having a "favorable" prognosis has relapsed, with a median follow-up of 27 months from on study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Antiplatelet antibodies in childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

The serotonin release test using platelets from a panel of donors and autologous platelets after recovery was used to detect platelet antibodies in 42 children with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The test was done with sera obtained in the thrombocytopenic phase, in partial recovery, and after recovery. The test results for sera from 23 (55%) of 42 patients with thrombocytopenia were positive against platelets from the donors; 14 (61%) of 23 were positive against autologous platelets; and 28 (88%) of 32 were positive against either donor or autologous platelets. Complete recovery occurred in 17 (52%) of 33 patients whose sera had positive tests against the donor platelets at the time of diagnosis. Postrecovery sera from all patients had negative tests against donor platelets, and two (12%) had positive tests against autologous platelets. These results indicate that childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is an autoimmune disease caused by platelet antibody that usually disappears with recovery from the thrombocytopenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Relapse rates following cessation of chemotherapy during complete remission of acute lymphocytic leukemia.

The therapeutic benefit of maintenance chemotherapy beyond three years for children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in continuous complete remission was evaluated by the investigators of Childrens Cancer Study Group (CCSG). Two hundred and twenty leukemic children in first remission for three years or longer and who had received at least three years of continuous chemotherapy were eligible. One hundred and one patients were randomized to either continue chemotherapy for an additional three years or to discontinue therapy, and 119 patients nonrandomly continued or discontinued therapy. The patients had received a variety of chemotherapy regimens. The study period extended from April 1970 until December 1977, with a median follow-up time of 25 months. Relapses occurred in 15 randomized patients (15%). Randomized patients remaining on chemotherapy experienced a statistically significant lower relapse rate than patients randomized to discontinue therapy. Also among randomized patients, bone marrow relapse was significantly more frequent in males than in females. Considering the total patient group, age and white blood count at diagnosis had no significance in predicting relapse. Of relapse events in males, 21% were isolated testicular relapses, identifying the testicles as a major risk site in males completing three years of continuous complete remission. This study demonstrates that continuing chemotherapy beyond three years results in a significant prolongation of remission in males, although the eventual survival outcome for later discontinuance of therapy will require longer follow-up.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Histiocytosis X: clinical trial of chlorambucil: a report from Childrens Cancer Study Group.

A prospective study for histiocytosis X was designed to determine whether "good risk" patients, ie, those without evidence of dysfunction of liver, lung, or hemopoietic system, would respond to single agent therapy; in this case chlorambucil (CMB) used in a dose of 5 mgm/m2/day. If there was no response after an adequate trial period, treatment was initiated with four drugs using a combination of prednisone, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. There were 26 evaluable patients, 57% of whom were less than two years of age at onset of therapy. There were three complete and four partial responses to CMB for a response rate of 26.9%. Sixteen patients received an adequate trial of four-drug therapy with three complete and two partial responses for a response rate of 33%. These responses were inferior to those previously reported for either single agents or combined therapy in histiocytosis X.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Childhood leukemia-lymphoma. Heterogeneity of phenotypes and prognoses.

Results are reported on 724 children and adolescents with acute leukemia-lymphoma. One hundred patients had immunologic marker analysis that defined the major phenotypic groups, i.e., T-cell, B-cell (Burkitt), myeloid, and the most frequent form, non-T, non-T "common" or "undifferentiated" acute leukemia. Pre-T, pre-B, and "null" leukemias are included in the latter group. Response to therapy and survival was best in non-T, non-B acute lymphocytic leukemia, intermediate in T-cell disease, and worst in B-cell (Burkitt) disease. Additional factors resulting in decreased survival include elevated peripheral leukocyte count, presence of enlarged nodes, less depression of hemoglobin and platelets, and age greater than 7 years (all associated with 'lymphomatous" disease). Other factors resulting in decreased survival include age under 3 years and depression of serum immunoglobulins. Definition of the heterogeneity of childhood leukemia-lymphoma dictates differing forms of therapy for the various types of these diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Phase II study of the failure of vincristine and bleomycin for previously treated children with metastatic neuroblastoma: a report from the Childrens Cancer Study Group.

Twenty-two patients with previously treated but progressive stage IV neuroblastoma received combination therapy with vincristine (1.0 mg/m2) followed in 6 hours by bleomycin (15 mg/m2). Therapy was administered twice weekly. No responses were seen in the 19 patients who received four or more doses of the bleomycin-vincristine combination.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1976

T and B lymphocytes in leukemia therapy.

In order to evaluate the effect of radio- and chemotherapy on immunity, T and B lymphocyte surface receptors were studies sequentially in the blood from 28 previously untreated leukemic children. Following the initiation of chemotherapy an increase in the percent T and B cells was noted in the peripheral blood. In association with sanctuary therapy and chemotherapy there was a decrease in the total number of circulating T and B cells and a relative increase in lymphocytes lacking markers. Based on total numbers at remission the reduction in B cells was greater than in T cells, and the most marked changes occurred during sanctuary therapy. A reduction in the mean serum immunoglobulin was associated with decreasing B cell numbers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Prognosis in Black children with neuroblastoma.

Thirty white and 15 black children with neuroblastoma were compared with respect to survival. Patient age and tumor stage at diagnosis were similar in the two groups, as was duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis. There was no significant difference between the white and black children in regard to median duration of survival or percentage of long-term survivors. The results of this study indicate that race is not a factor in the prognosis of this tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Lymphocyte surface receptors in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.

B and T lymphocyte surface receptors were studied in the bone marrow and peripheral blood of 16 patients with childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. T cell surface receptors were identified on the blasts of one patient. Increased percentages of T or B cell surface receptors were not found in the bone marrow of the other 15 patients. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of pathologic cells in the peripheral blood and the percentage of cells with T and B surface receptors. The results of this study indicate that childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia is a heterogeneous disease in terms of lymphocyte surface receptors and that the pathologic cells of the majority of patients with this disease cannot be identified as being of thymic or non-thymic origin.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1974

The impact of chemotherapy on advanced neuroblastoma. Survival of patients diagnosed in 1956, 1962, and 1966-68 in Children's Cancer Study Group A.

Survival statistics from 50 children with disseminated neuroblastoma, treated according to two CCSGA protocols between 1966 and 1968, are compared to those collected by Sutow and associates for 1956 and 1962. Little improvement occurred in the median survival rates of the children in these groups. Survival at 24 months is 13, 22, and 13 per cent, respectively, for the three groups. The lack of improvement in the median survival rate following treatment with a combination of VCR and CPM is attributed to an initial response rate of less than 40 per cent in the treated patients. The survival of patients who did respond, when compared to those who did not, was twice as long (15 vs. 7 months). Clearly, improved chemotherapy or other modes of treatment are needed for patients with advanced neuroblastoma at the time of diagnosis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗