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Biomedical subjects

S Lehrl

Publications and source records attributed to S Lehrl.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Personality system and sudden deafness: a comparative psychological study.

The psychic structure of 30 patients suffering from sudden deafness and of 35 patients suffering from otosclerosis was tested by the FPI. Additionally the intelligence was tested by the MWT-B. It could be shown that deafness on one ear does not cause any significant change of personality. Patients with sudden deafness and additional organic diseases did not show any psychic changes or these changes are due to a basic disease. Patients suffering from idiopathic sudden deafness can be differentiated into two groups: the first group consists of patients with no psychic disease; these patients show a good recovering tendency from sudden deafness. The second group consists of patients with a slightly neurotic personality which is in full accordance with those of psychosomatic patients. In these case the organic therapy did not lead to recovery.

Hearing Loss, Sudden↗
PubMed1979

[The course of functional psychoses (author's transl)].

Functional psychoses correspond to a universal reduction of mental and intellectual function which, fundamentally reversible and unspecific, appear as sequelae of disturbances of cerebral function. They are the most common psychoses in medical practice and in hospitals. With the Syndrome Short Test and Functional Psychosis Scale B we now have a mutually equilibrated test system for the measurement of the whole range of severity of functional psychoses. With these two psychopathometric methods a relatively differentiated investigation of cross section and course can be performed, for example in arriving at a diagnosis, checking medical measures, monitoring the effect of drugs and in the prognosis of a disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Psychopathometric double blind study with nicergoline versus placebo in geriatric patients with slight transit syndromes].

A double-blind study was carried out on 56 geronto-psychiatric in-patients who suffered from cerebral metabolic and nutritional disturbances to prove the effectiveness of 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate (nicergoline, Sermion). After a washout-phase of eight days the patients in the verum group received 3 x 1 dragée at 10 mg for a period of 12 weeks. For methodical reasons only patients with slight transit syndromes and, of these, only the first four weeks of examination were included in the present analysis. Thus 8 verum and 9 placebo patients remain whose findings during the trial are recorded in three procedures of capacity and two procedures of self-assessment (syndrome short test, repeating figures and letters, reading letters; scale for general somatic discomfort, scale for vegetative functional disturbances). In the measuring procedures there is a tendency towards improvement under the treatment with nicergline compared with placebo during the first three weeks. But the present results are not sufficient to come to a clear decision on the effectiveness of nicergoline in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Who needs more psychosocial oriented rehabilitation -- women after breast cancer or women after genital cancer? -- A sociopsychological study of 308 women (author's transl)].

A standardised questionnaire and personality test were used to study whether women after breast cancer treatment, or women treated for genital cancer need psychosocial counselling more frequently. The interview was given to 308 women during the author's tumor after-care consultations. 1. Repercussion on their marital lives were reported three times more often by women treated for genital cancer than by women after mastectomy (p less than 0.01). There was not significant difference with regard to their family status. 2. As epidemiologically expected -- mastectomy patients had born less children than women treated for genital cancer (p less than 0.05). 3. A reduced self-confidence was reported more often by patients treated for breast cancer than by the other patient group (p less than 0.01). 4. No decrease in working performance was observed by 50% of the women treated for genital cancers as against one third of the masectomy patients. 5. Work resumption was reported more often to be strenuous for masectomy patients than for women treated for genital cancer (p less than 0.05). 6. Woman after mastectomy experiences 50% less sexual repercussions than genital cancer patients (p less than 0.05).

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Investigation of the suitability of efficiency tests in evaluating endogenous depression (author's transl)].

Self-evaluation procedures are usually used to assess the severity of endogenous depression. In this respect, efficiency tests have hitherto been scarcely considered. A literary survey and our own empirical investigations suggest that self-evaluation procedures should mainly be used in mild and moderate endogenous depressions, and that these procedures give false results in severe and very severe depressions. Efficiency procedures seem not to differentiate well between 'normality' and 'mild depression,' but they become more reliable and valid for depressions of increasing severity. Self-evaluation and efficiency procedures should therefore not be substituted for each other; they should complement each other.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Drug-related increase of intelligence level. Considerations and a double-blind-study with flunarizin (sibelium) (author's transl)].

Fluid and crystallized intelligence are two second-order factors that are differentiated within the intelligence model by R.B.Cattell. Fluid intelligence is considered to be a biological capacity relatively independent of environmental influences. Crystallized intelligence, however, is connected to accultured skills and knowledge. The capacity of fluid intelligence decreases by non-optimal states of general activation, functional psychosis (physically founded reversible psychosis) or defect-syndromes (physically founded irreversible psychosis). Fluid intelligence can increase by drugs only, if the functional psychosis is diminished or if the state of activation is optimized. There is no drug-effect on crystallized intelligence but an indirect influence via fluid intelligence. The hypothesis of the drug-related increase of fluid intelligence as a correlate to the diminuition accompanying the functional psychosis should be confirmed by a clinical experiment. Therefore two samples of 20 patients each with a functional psychosis following cerebral blood-flow disturbances received flunarizine (Sibelium) and placebo respectively during a double-blind study lasting 12 weeks. Under the activ substance to be applied for amelioration of peripheral and central blood-flow the measured values of fluid intelligence increased six weeks after starting therapy, while there were no changes under placebo. In the end of the investigation the measured intellectual capacity had increased by 50 per cent under flunarizine.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Psychopathological and psychopathometric findings in patients with dental prosthesis intolerance].

It is discussed whether psychological factors can be accounted responsible for the intolerance to the wearing of prostheses which can not be explained on dental grounds. Psychopathological, psychometric and psychopathometric investigations brought the following results: 1. Patients with complaints differ significantly from a control group in the variables changeable according to situation: "general somatic discomforts", disturbances of vegetative functions, and "depressive moods". This points to a constitutional predisposition to vegetative irritability and lowered threshold to frustration. 2. Less intelligent persons are less able and prepared to incorporate and accept the prosthesis. 3. Among the personality variables differences in the attributes "uncontrollability and social responsiveness" show up in sample tests. The subjects consider themselves more esteemed, popular and acknowledged. 4. In the majority of subjects the making of the tooth replacement coincided with stressful events.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1978

[Two psychosis-specific test systems (author's transl)].

Psychopathological procedures for assessment of severity of mental disorders will often be applied in follow-up studies of drugs. Their application can be performed relatively economically because the nosological and syndromal allocation of patients has usually been accomplished before the measurement of severity. In order to facilitate and establish economy, empirically testable conceptions on the relationship between the severity of the psychic disorder in question and the results of measurement are to be favoured. In addition they help avoiding systematic misjudgements as they sometimes occur in application of self-assessment scales in functional psychoses (physically induced reversible psychosis) or endogenous depression. According to this rule two economic psychopathometric testing systems have been developed for endogenous depression and functional psychosis. Both are introduced briefly.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Performance of medical students on the short syndrome-test. On the recognition of functional psychoses in young highly intelligent adults].

Erzigkeit's accelerated syndrome test is used to determine the severity of functional psychoses. This test, by which the proficiency level of a subject may be ascertained, should be evaluated in dependence upon the subject's age and general level of intelligence. To correct for these quantities, the accelerated syndrome test includes combined standards for four age and three IQ levels (12 tables of standards). The quality of correction should be empirically verified here. A sample of sixty-three medical students (this sample was characterized by a very high degree of homogeneity in that the students were of the same age and also had the same IQ's) were used to show that the standardization of age and IQ in the accelerated syndrome test allows functional psychoses to be far more readily recognized than when no consideration is given to these variables. Classification by degrees of disorder should also be much more convincing than without the use of differential standardization.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of oxprenolol on the affect level in an exam situation. A follow-up study under double-blind conditions (author's transl)].

In a double-blind study on student nurses the curves of three affectivity components and the pulse rate under exam conditions were observed. One group had received 1-(o-allyloxy-phenoxy)-3-isopropylamino-propan-2-ol hydrochloride (oxprenolol, Trasicor and the other group a placebo. In the examination stress the affectivity component "aggression" was particularly obvious. With placebo the states and actions of aggression were more extreme than in the oxprenolol group. It appeared that the severe affectivity inclinations resulted in a reduction of examination performance. Under oxprenolol, in accordance with recently published results, there was no decrease in performance under exam conditions. Quite the opposite: as it seems to curb extreme affectivity inclinations the decreases in performance connected with them are often prevented.

Affect↗