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Biomedical subjects

S Larsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Larsson.

385 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Trace element changes in serum and skeletal muscle compared to tumour tissue in sarcoma-bearing rats.

Cancer cachexia is characterized by wasting of the lean tissue and profound changes in the body composition of the tumour host. These changes are partly explained by an inefficient energy production but other factors may also be important, such as deficiency of essential nutritional components. In the present study the changes of trace elements in serum and skeletal muscle were compared to those in tumour tissue during tumour progression in sarcoma--bearing rats. Trace element analysis was performed directly on serum specimens and frozen sections from skeletal muscle and tumour tissue. The samples were analysed by energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) without any other pre-treatment such as homogenization and extraction. In skeletal muscle an increased content of zinc was found during tumour progression. The iron concentration was unchanged, but since muscle wasting is part of the cachexia this means that iron was transferred to other compartments. Thus the iron content of serum was doubled and tumour tissue had a high concentration of iron. Selenium was below detection limits in skeletal muscle but well detectable in tumour tissue and it increased during tumour growth. Rubidium and potassium content correlated in all tissues (R:0.98) as did bromine and sodium (R:0.98). Copper behaved differently from the other trace elements and showed large variability. This was also true when tissue copper was individually correlated to all other trace elements in the same tissue.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Day-to-day variation of bronchodilatory response to an inhaled beta-2-stimulant in asthmatics.

The effect of inhaling 0.25 and 2.0 mg of terbutaline sulphate, a beta-2-stimulant, from a metered dose aerosol was studied in five asthmatic patients during two periods of five days each. During the first period, the patients used a good spontaneous inhalation technique; during the second period, the inhalation technique was optimized and controlled. The variation of basal FEV1 and of the increase (delta FEV1) caused by 0.25 mg of inhaled terbutaline was considerable. The effect was only slightly better and the variation only slightly smaller when the controlled inhalation technique was used. The differences were not significant. In individual patients, there was no or negative correlation between delta FEV1 and the corresponding basal FEV1 value. Accordingly, the most commonly used way of expressing delta FEV1 as a percentage of basal FEV1 value was found to be insensitive. Delta FEV1, expressed as a percentage of the maximum available FEV1 increase on the same day after 2.25 mg terbutaline sulphate, was found to be most sensitive. This way of expressing delta FEV1 will increase the possibilities of detecting differences between treatments in clinical trials.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebrospinal fluid circulation: evaluation by single-photon and positron emission tomography.

Gamma camera cisternography after intrathecal administration of 111In-DTPA is a widely used and well established technique for studies of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. The radiation dose from 111In, however, is a limiting factor that sometimes seriously affects the image quality and, hence, correct interpretation. This investigation was designed to assess the value of tomographic techniques for studies of CSF flow. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed on 15 patients by means of the Karolinska Hospital rotating gamma camera system after injection of 111In-DTPA or 99mTc-DTPA. The combination of SPECT and 99mTc-DTPA proved to be a valuable technique. It permits a clear evaluation of the location of the isotope intracranially and its precise relation to the ventricles. Positron emission tomography (PET) applied after intrathecal administration of 68Ga-EDTA demonstrates that small amounts of radioactivity can be registered and that PET is a promising technique for the evaluation of CSF dynamics.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bacterial and cryptosporidial infection as the cause of chronic diarrhoea in patients with liver disease in Nepal.

Chronic diarrhoea is common in patients with liver disease in Nepal. It is often seen in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and those with obstructive lesions of the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava. To assess the role of bacterial and parasitic infection in patients with chronic diarrhoea, microscopic examination and culture of the stool were done in 30 cases. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated in 23 (76%), Yersinia sp was isolated in 9 (26%), Klebsiella and Shigella sp. in 3 each and Listeria sp in 1 patient. Oocysts of Cryptosporidium was demonstrated in the stools of 6 (20%) patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal parasites in children and adults with and without abdominal discomfort from the Kathmandu area of Nepal.

The present study on intestinal parasites from the Kathmandu area of Nepal found that in subjectively healthy children (HC) and adults (HA) the total parasite load was 28.1% and 38.8%, respectively, whereas children (ADC) and adults (ADA) with abdominal discomfort had a load of 62.7% and 67.8%. The prevalence of nematodes in the 4 groups was significantly higher in those with abdominal discomfort, particularly of Hookworm, Enterobius, and Ascaris. Hymenolepis nana was the most common tapeworm, and also with the highest incidence in patients with abdominal complaints. Taenia solium and T. saginata were only found in the two adult groups, but with low prevalence rates. The highest incidence of Cryptosporidium was found in both groups with abdominal discomfort, notably among children. No "healthy" carriers were found among the adults, whereas the prevalence of "healthy" carriers among children corresponded to that of sick adults. The presence of Giardia was highest among the sick children, many "healthy" carriers among both children and adults were noted. E. histolytica and E. dispar had a surprisingly low prevalence in all 4 groups. In "healthy" children the parasite was twice as common than in sick, supporting earlier findings of morphologically identical species with and without pathogenicity. "Healthy" adults had the lowest prevalence and sick adults the highest in the 4 groups studies. Blastocystis hominis was most common among adults with abdominal complaints (2.8%). Trichomonas was also more common in this group, in which of 34 positive specimen, 28 were from women. In "healthy" children the prevalence of mixed parasite infection was 2.1%, in "healthy" adults more than 7%, while in sick children and adults the prevalence was 13.3% and 11.5%, respectively.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary malignant cardiac tumors.

Our experience with primary malignant cardiac tumors is reviewed. Six adult patients were treated surgically during a 10-year period. A preoperative diagnosis of cardiac "tumor" was established in all cases by means of echocardiography. Surgery was possible in each case. Adjuvant therapy was also used. All patients died between 3 weeks and 43 months from the first operation. The importance of an aggressive surgical attitude and the role of adjuvant therapy is discussed.

Adult↗