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Biomedical subjects

S Larsson

Publications and source records attributed to S Larsson.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Cytomegalovirus hepatitis in an artificial kidney unit.

Serum hepatitis is a dreaded risk in connection with regular dialysis treatment (RDT). Liver damage, however, can be cuased by other diseases, such as infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Two cases in our artificial kidney unit revealed signs of liver damage with increased liver enzyme activity. Case 1, a woman, was on RDT after an unsuccessful renal transplantation, and Case 2, a man, belonged to the staff. Serum hepatitis was initially suspected in both cases, but repeated examinations of the sera revealed no hepatitis B antigen or antibodies (HbAg and HbAb). Later on, both showed a significant increase in antibodies in complement fixations reaction (CF) to CMV-antigen. CMV could be isolated from urine in Case 2. Case 1 had been bilaterally nephrectomized. The symptoms (tiredness, muscle pain and headache) and the course of the disease were mild in both cases and liver enzymes became normal within 1-2 weeks. Twenty out of 31 examined patients and staff had antibodies in CF to CMV-antigen, but in none was there any significant increase. The source of infection may have been transfusion of fresh blood in Case 1, but in Case 2 no particular source could be suspected. Thus, in liver damage CMV-infection may be an etiological alternative. In routine work at artficial kidney unite patients and personnel are regularly examined in respect of bilirubin, liver enzymes, HbAg and HbAb in serum. We recommend also examination of serum for antibodies in CF to CMV-antigen. Until a firm differential diagnosis has been established the patient should be isolated and the dialysis equipments used only by that patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Experiences with a new myocardial electrode for permanent cardiac pacing.

The first experiences with a new myocardial sutureless screw-in electrode for cardiac pacing are reported. A brief description of the technique is given. The electrode can be inserted quickly and safely under direct vision through a small anterior thoracotomy using a special inserter tool. The heart can be brought under pacemaker control in less than 5 minutes. The technique was employed in 15 patients. Results to date are promising and it is suggested that this method should be resorted to in cases of unstable pacing or recurrent dislocation of an endocardial lead, or when there are difficulties in the proper positioning of an electrode transvenously. In Sweden endocardial electrodes for transvenous insertion predominate. In many countries, especially the U.S.A., there is extensive experience of epi- or myocardial pacing leads (2, 4, 5). Some authors consider epicardial pacemakers safer than endocardial pacemakers for permanent cardiac pacing (8). We have observed defective or unstable pacing with endocardial electrode in a high proportion of patients in our series early after the implantation and even after many years of perfect pacing. When there are problems with an endocardial lead an epi- or myocardial electrode can be used. This paper reports experiences with a new sutureless myocardial electrode (Medtronic model 6917).

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Histological typing of lung cancer. Application of the World Health Organization classification to 479 cases.

Four hundred and seventy nine primary lung cancers were typed according to the WHO histological classification. The character of the material and the methods of investigation are described. All patients had been subjected to mediastinoscopy and 313 patients had been operated upon. Nearly half of the tumours (48 per cent) was epidermoid carcinomas. Small cell anaplastic carcinoma occurred in 25 per cent and around two thirds of these were of oat cell type. Adenocarcinoma was found in 22 per cent and the acinar type predominated. Bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma occurred in 1 per cent and large cell carcinoma in 3 per cent. Typing of biopsy specimens was made in 289 cases in which a positive biopsy had been obtained during the pretreatment period. The result of the biopsy typing was checked against that of the final one. In the total group the preoperative histological diagnosis tallied with the final one in 88 per cent. In patients who had been subjected to surgery the pretreatment diagnosis of the epidermoid carcinoma was correct in 86 per cent, that of small cell anaplastic carcinoma in 92 per cent and that of adenocarcinoma in 100 per cent. The consistency was also high in the category of patients not subjected to surgery. Despite their critical attitude towards the delimitation of epidermoid carcinoma in the WHO-classification the present authors find it to be a reliable guide to routine typing of lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Objective symmetry detector method for gammaencephalography. I. Physical characteristics.

A symmetry detector method for gammanecephalography is described. It is based on two detectors, collimated by square tubes with large apertures. Increase ratios and side difference ratios should be used as evaluation parameters in clinical applications and are therefore analysed theoretically and experimentally from measurements on a phantom system. The effect of energy discrimination is analyzed and found to be small over a wide range of the lower discrimination level setting. The chosen performance of the measuring routine used made errors caused by the electronic devices negligible in relation to the loss of precision occurring from counting statistics.

Brain↗
PubMed1975

Objective symmetry detector method for gammaencephalography. II. Normal range.

A standardized clinical examination procedure of a previously described symmetry detector method for gammaencephalography is presented and the results obtained from a reference group of subjects without known neurologic disorders are reported. The 99TcmO4 distribution in the skull was investigated by 208 evaluation parameters obtained from measurements of 24 subregions of the skull from 48 symmetrical positions. Mean values and associated inter-individual and intra-individual standard deviations are given. Different sources of variation are discussed in relation to the results obtained. The method enables the 99TcmO4 distribution in the skull to be objectively classified as normal or abnormal.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Objective symmetry detector method for gammaencephalography. III. Diagnosis of abnormal 99TcmO4 distribution in the skull.

The objective classification of results of the previously described symmetry detector method for gamma encephalography is reported. The different evaluation parameters were chosen after comparing their detectability in different subregions of the head or as a result of findings in certain patients. The detectability was estimated from the results of phantom measurements related to the normal ranges of evaluation parameters. The borders of the classification criterion are discussed in relation to the number of evaluation parameters used.

Brain↗