Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S L Jones.
Suicides in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, for 1972--1975 are tabulated by year, month of year, day of week, lunar phase, and holiday occurrence. Only lunar phase demonstrates a significant (p less than .01) variation in suicide rate; an increase is observed in this sample with respect to new moon phase but not for full moon phase. Explanations for this finding are considered, but the precise reasons remain unknown.
Fifty seven registered nurses working in either a psychiatric or non-psychiatric setting volunteered to participate in a study to measure their empathic ability with patients. Results of the study supported the notion that nurses working in a psychiatric setting are significantly more empathic than nurses working in a non-psychiatric setting (p less than .05). Contrary to some previous research findings, the demographic variables of age, sex, marital status, educational level, and length of experiences were not significantly related to empathy. Setting--psychiatric or non-psychiatric--was the only variable that made a difference.
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The physical and physiological effects of electromagnetic field interference on 440 patients with cardiac pacemakers were determined by reviewing the literature from 1949 to 1973. The sources, mechanisms, and findings of physiological dysfunction and ventricular fibrillation in patients with pacemakers are presented. Shortwave and microwave diathermy and electrical stimulators have been found to have a definite adverse influence on some cardiac pacemakers. The effect of interference may be an increase or decrease in pacemaker rate or rhythm, ventricular fibrillation, a total loss of pacing, or cessation of impulses. Because all pacemaker units are not resistant to interference, no ungrounded electrical equipment and no equipment such as microwave diathermy, short wave diathermy, and electrical stimulators should be placed on, or near, a patient with a cardiac pacemaker.
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The relationship of weight and diet preoccupation and self-esteem among black and white college females is examined.
Osteoporosis is an age related metabolic disease that primarily affects women and causes bone demineralization that results in fractures. Early identification of risk factors for osteoporosis and development of prevention programs is needed to halt the increasing incidence of the disease. Public health nurses (PHNs), with their emphasis on primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention with individuals and families, are in a unique position to protect the health of these vulnerable populations who are at risk for osteoporosis. This article describes the implementation and program evaluation of three osteoporosis prevention educational programs that use three levels of intensity of design. Each design is based upon the learning needs of the targeted audience. The goals of each program were to increase knowledge of osteoporosis, increase health beliefs, and increase the frequency of osteoporosis preventing behaviors. Theoretical aspects from adult learning and the Health Belief Model (HBM) were used to develop the programs. For the program evaluation, participants completed evaluation instruments before and 3 weeks after participating in an osteoporosis health education program. Participants in all programs had significantly higher levels of knowledge after completing the programs; however, overall, there was no change in health beliefs or behaviors. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Family therapy conducted with a troubled adolescent is a difficult process. In this article the case scenario of a troubled teenager is presented. The adolescent's behavior is scrutinized through an examination of her growth, dynamics, family/parent interactions, and social support. Therapeutic and timely interventions--a blueprint for family therapy integrating psychoanalytic, Bowen, Milan, and behavioral approaches--are explained. The blueprint can be used to assess and assist in the change process of the adolescent. It is extremely important that new therapists realize when they are getting drawn into the content without appreciating the process of therapy. This realization will foster second-order change in the growth of a family therapist.
Whole blood and plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation and deformability, plasma fibrinogen, lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, and measures of blood glucose control were compared between 21 Type 1 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria (overnight albumin excretion rate 30-200 micrograms min-1) and 21 patients with albumin excretion below this range matched for age, sex, and duration of diabetes. Patients with microalbuminuria had significantly higher glycosylated haemoglobin (9.4 +/- 1.6 (+/- SD) vs 7.9 +/- 1.8% (normal range 5.0 to 7.6%)), total-cholesterol (5.6 +/- 1.1 vs 4.6 +/- 1.3 mmol l-1), apolipoprotein B (0.82 +/- 0.21 vs 0.66 +/- 0.14 g l-1), and apolipoprotein B:A1 ratio (0.58 +/- 0.18 vs 0.50 +/- 0.15) than those without microalbuminuria (all p less than 0.05). HDL-cholesterol was also raised (1.71 +/- 0.46 vs 1.43 +/- 0.37 mmol l-1, p less than 0.05). Lipoprotein(a) concentration was possibly higher in the microalbuminuric group (median (95% Cl) 105 (82-140) vs 72 (52-114) mg l-1, p = 0.06). No differences were seen in any of the rheological measurements. These results confirm the presence of potentially atherogenic lipoprotein changes in Type 1 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, but suggest that altered blood rheology does not predate the development of nephropathy.
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The convergence of the fields of clinical genetics and assisted reproductive technologies is providing couples at risk for transmitting a genetic disorder to their children with new reproductive alternatives. The ability to test the preimplantation embryo for genetic anomalies, sort for X- and Y-bearing sperm, and improve genetic screening of gamete donors and couples at risk for a genetic disorder, are examples of these alternatives. The scope of nursing practice will be affected by the integration of these technologies into the health care offered to consumers. Opportunities also will exist for nurses to assist in the redefinition of health and illness that will be the serendipitous outcome of these scientific advances.