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Biomedical subjects

S L Fine

Publications and source records attributed to S L Fine.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Senile macular degeneration: a case-control study.

Senile macular degeneration, although a leading cause of visual loss in the United States, remains a poorly understood disease. To assess the effects of host and environmental factors on this condition, a study of 228 cases and 237 controls matched by age and sex, who had visited any of 34 Baltimore ophthalmologists between September 1, 1978 and March 31, 1980, was conducted. Study participants were interviewed for past medical, residential, occupational, smoking and family histories, as well as social and demographic factors. Diagnoses were validated by means of fundus photographs. The 162 cases and 175 controls who met the study diagnostic criteria for cases and controls were included in the analysis. Statistically significant associations were demonstrated between senile macular degeneration and family history of macular disease (odds ratio (OR) = 2.9), chemical work exposures (OR = 4.2), blue or medium pigmented eyes (OR = 3.5), history of one or more cardiovascular diseases (OR = 1.7), decreased hand grip strength, and hyperopia. The risk of macular degeneration in cigarette smokers was significant for males only (OR = 2.6). The study results suggest that the development of macular degeneration is mainly influenced by familial, genetic, and personal characteristics, rather than by the few environmental factors studied. Additional studies are needed to further evaluate the role of environmental factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

An ocular clinicopathologic correlative study of six patients from the Diabetic Retinopathy Study.

The authors studied the eyes postmortem from six patients who were enrolled in the multicenter Diabetic Retinopathy Study and treated by photocoagulation. All were patients of the Wilmer Institute, The Johns Hopkins Hospital. Of these six patients, four had equal or better vision in the treated eye at their last visit. Two patients had worse vision, due primarily to cystoid macular edema. All but one patient had clinically significant field loss in the treated eye, and this correlated with the retinal damage induced by photocoagulation. This treatment produced local retinal and choroidal effects and did not alter the histopathologic appearance of the anterior segment of the eye.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A histopathologic study of Best's macular dystrophy.

Light and transmission electron microscopic examinations of two postmortem eyes from an 80-year-old woman with clinically well-documented Best's macular dystrophy disclosed striking abnormalities in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptors, and sub-RPE area. The RPE cells were flattened, with displacement of the nuclei toward the apex and diffuse deposition of abnormal lipofuscin and pleomorphic melanolipofuscin granules. A PAS-positive, acid-mucopolysaccharide-negative, electron-dense, finely granular material was deposited in the inner segments of the degenerating photoreceptors and the Mueller cells. An abnormal fibrillar material was present underneath and in close association with the RPE cells, just beneath the area of photoreceptor cell loss. The choriocapillaris was normal. Breaks in Bruch's membrane and neovascularization were noted in the foveolar region. There is evidence that the sensory-retinal changes are primary and that the RPE changes are secondary.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Idiopathic preretinal gliosis.

Of 89 patients with idiopathic preretinal gliosis examined between 1970 and 1978, 52 were examined within six months of the onset of symptoms. Forty-seven patients were men and 42 were women; 83 (93%) were more than 50 years old. Initial visual acuities were 6/12 (20/40) or better in 60 of 98 eyes (61%). Nine patients had initial bilateral involvement, and the second eye became involved in one other patient during the follow-up period. Posterior vitreous detachment was present in 59 of the 64 eyes (92%) for which the state of the vitreous had been recorded; 16 of 74 eyes (21%) had fluorescein leakage into the macula. During a mean follow-up period of 31.1 months, the appearance of the fundus remained unchanged in 65 of 72 eyes (90%). Fifty-one of the 72 eyes (71%) had final visual acuities within one line of those recorded at the first examination. Spontaneous improvement of two lines or more occurred in only two patients, accompanied in both cases by an apparent decrease in the severity of the retinal wrinkling. Although these data indicated that idiopathic preretinal gliosis is generally a nonprogressive condition that does not cause serious visual loss, those patients followed up for more than three years did have a small overall decline in visual acuity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Natural course of choroidal neovascular membranes within the foveal avascular zone in senile macular degeneration.

We divided 96 eyes (93 patients) with senile macular degeneration and choroidal neovascular membranes into two groups--those with juxtafoveal membranes (1 to 250 mu from the center of the foveal avascular zone) and those with subfoveal membranes (0 mu from the center of the zone). After an average follow-up period of 21 months, one of 38 eyes in the juxtafoveal group (3%) had improved two or more lines on the Snellen chart, three eyes (8%) had remained the same, and 34 eyes (89%) had lost two or more lines on the Snellen chart. Although 35 of the 38 eyes (92%) had had initial visual acuities of 6/30 (20/100) or better, 27 eyes (71%) had become legally blind. Of the 58 eyes in the subfoveal group, 18 (31%) had remained the same or improved and 40 (69%) had lost two or more lines on the Snellen chart; 41 (70%) had final visual acuities of 6/60 (20/20) or worse. Of the 26 eyes in the subfoveal group that had had initial visual acuities of 6/60 (20/100) or better (45%). four (15%) had stayed the same and 22 (85%) had lost two or more lines on the Snellen chart. Fourteen of the 26 eyes (54%) had final visual acuities of 6/60 (20/200) or worse. Exudative maculopathy developed in the second eye in 13% of patients who initially had unilateral choroidal neovascularization after 12 months, in 22% after 24 months, and in 29% after 36 months, using life table analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Clinical features of idiopathic macular cysts and holes.

Of 52 patients (39 women and 13 men; mean age, 65 years) with idiopathic macular cysts or holes, 17 had bilateral involvement. During a mean follow-up period of 28 months, 50% of the macular cysts progressed to holes. Eight of nine eyes with cysts and visual acuities of 6/15 (20/50) or worse at the initial examination developed holes. No holes developed in eyes that had not had cysts at the initial examination. This demonstrated the importance of examining the fellow eye when making a prognosis. Posterior vitreous detachment was present in all the eyes with macular holes and absent in all the eyes with macular cysts at the initial examination. Whenever a cyst progressed to a hole, posterior vitreous detachment also developed. Twenty-five patients had systemic hypertension, 31 had undergone a hysterectomy, taken systemic estrogen, or both, three had adult-onset diabetes mellitus, and 12 smoked cigarettes.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of theophylline, ephedrine hydrochloride, and phenobarbital in tablets.

A rapid reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the simultaneous assay of theophylline, ephedrine hydrochloride, and phenobarbital in a tablet matrix. A methanolic extract of the powdered sample containing salicylamide as the internal standard was injected into the chromatograph. The HPLC system used methanol-0.007 M monobasic potassium phosphate (37:63, pH 2.3) as the mobile phase. Detection was at 254 nm, and quantitation was based on the drug-internal standard peak area ratio. This ratio was linear over a concentration range of 20.9-83.5 microgram of theophylline, 4-15.9 microgram of ephedrine hydrochloride, and 1.3-5.1 microgram of phenobarbital. Overall recoveries (+/- SD) from three synthetic tablets were: theophylline, 99.8 +/- 1.3%; ephedrine hydrochloride, 100.2 +/- 0.6%; and phenobarbital, 99.4 +/- 0.7%. The method was compared to the compendial method and also was applied to the assay of commercial tablets containing these three active ingredients. The proposed method is applicable to the assay of individual tablets.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1981

Pathologic myopia and choroidal neovascularization.

In 14 of 27 eyes with choroidal neovascular membranes associated with severe myopia, visual acuity deteriorated two or more lines on the Snellen chart. Twelve of the 27 eyes became legally blind. Final visual acuity may be related to the position of the neovascular membrane within the posterior pole. Four of the eight eyes with new vessels outside of the foveal avascular zone had follow-up visual acuities of 6/12 (20/40) or better. Only one of five eyes with new vessels extending to the edge of the avascular zone had a final visual acuity of 6/12 (20/40) or better. Three of 14 eyes with a neovascular membrane beneath the foveal avascular zone had visual acuities of 6/12 (20/40) or better. Neovascularization associated with severe myopia clearly jeopardizes central visual acuity. Laser photocoagulation therapy may be useful in treating neovascular membranes outside the foveal avascular zone or extending to the edge of the perifoveal capillary network. A larger prospective study is needed to determine the guidelines for and efficacy of such treatment for patients with severe myopia who develop choroidal neovascularization.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Choroidal neovascularization as a late complication of ocular toxoplasmosis.

Macular detachment caused by choroidal neovascularization in eyes with previous toxoplasmic infections is one possible explanation of sudden loss of visual acuity. Three patients with quiescent chorioretinal scars, presumed to be toxoplasmic in origin, developed choroidal neovascular membranes that caused sudden loss of visual acuity. In none of the three cases was there any ophthalmoscopic evidence of intraocular inflammation. In two patients, the choroidal neovascularization was subfoveal and, therefore, not suitable for photocoagulation. However, visual acuity in each of the affected eyes was only partially impaired (6/15 [20/50] in one patient and 6/30 [20/100] in the other). In the third patient, the choroidal neovascular membrane was treated with argon-laser photocoagulation. Two months after treatment, visual acuity in that eye was 6/9 (20/30), and there was angiographic evidence that the neovascular membrane had closed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hemorrhagic complications of optic nerve drusen.

We found hemorrhages in 13 eyes of 57 patients with optic disk drusen. In seven eyes, the hemorrhages originated in peripapillary choroidal neovascular membranes. In the other six eyes, no neovascular membrane was present. Hemorrhages that occurred in the absence of choroidal new vessels caused no visual symptoms in any patient. All resolved without sequelae. Hemorrhages originating in choroidal neovascular membranes commonly caused visual symptoms; however, six of seven eyes retained visual acuities of 6/12 (20/40) or better without any therapy. Thus, despite potential submacular hemorrhage, we do not recommend routine photocoagulation for peripapillary choroidal neovascular membranes secondary to optic disk drusen.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Long-term evaluation of patients with Best's vitelliform dystrophy.

We examined 91 patients with Best's dystrophy and followed 54 affected individuals for five years. Most eyes with normal maculas, minimal pigment epithelial changes, atrophic maculae, or fibrous macular scars did not change stage. Eyes with vitelliform or pseudohypopyon lesions progressed to later atrophic macular stages. Visual acuity decreased after age 40 and was worse for patients with atrophic maculas and fibrous scars. Nineteen percent of patients with atrophic maculas or fibrous scars who were followed for 8 to 10 years were the only patients to lose vision.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Long-term follow-up of ocular histoplasmosis treated by argon laser photocoagulation.

Sixty-eight eyes in 67 patients with a histoplasmic neovascular membrane treated with Argon laser photocoagulation between 1972 and 1978 are reviewed. Factors affecting visual outcome and causes of visual failure are discussed. Twenty of 68 eyes (nearly 30%) experienced a recurrent or new SRNVM after initially successful treatment. Final evaluation of Argon laser photocoagulation for histoplasmic neovascular membrane must await the outcome of the Macular Photocoagulation Study.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. A clinicopathologic correlation of a treated case.

A patient with bilateral presumed ocular histoplasmosis had been successfully treated in his symptomatic right eye with laser photocoagulation for subretinal neovascularization in two areas of the macula. The left eye also showed neovascularization clinically and histopathologically but was not treated because there was no detectable leakage and the vision was not affected. There was no change in the left eye over a two-year period. Clinicopathologic correlation of the treated and untreated macular lesions and the peripapillary and peripheral lesions is presented.

Eye↗