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Biomedical subjects

S Kuno

Publications and source records attributed to S Kuno.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effect of diabetes on triiodothyronine and reverse triiodothyronine production in the perfused rat liver and kidney.

This study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of diabetes on the conversion of T4 to T3 and rT3 in the isolated, perfused rat liver and kidney. The livers and kidneys from streptozocin (STZ)-induced (50 mg/kg i.p. 2 wk before killing) diabetic rats with or without T4 (30 micrograms/kg s.c. daily) treatment were perfused for 30 min with a synthetic medium containing T4 (6 micrograms/dl), and production of T3 and rT3 in the tissues was measured by radioimmunoassay. The production of T3 (111 +/- 38 ng/g/30 min, mean +/- SD) and conversion rate of T4 to T3 (19.7 +/- 5.8%) in the liver of diabetic rats without T4 treatment and those (124 +/- 41 ng/g/30 min and 21.6 +/- 4.9%) in the liver of diabetic rats with T4 treatment were significantly lower than those of controls (196 +/- 48 ng/g/30 min and 30.6 +/- 5.2%), respectively. The production of rT3 and conversion rate of T4 to rT3 in the liver of diabetic rats with or without T4 treatment were similar to those of controls. The production of T3 and rT3, and conversion rate of T4 to T3 and T4 to rT3, in the kidney of diabetic rats with or without T4 treatment were not significantly different from those of controls. These results suggest that the liver is far more important than the kidney in the overall reduction in the T4 to T3 conversion that occurs in diabetic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Pathogenicity of newly isolated coxsackievirus B4 for mouse pancreas.

Coxsackievirus B4 fresh isolates from patients with upper respiratory illness and aseptic meningitis were studied for their pathogenicity in the pancreas of SJL/J mice. Out of 12 virus isolates, 7 induced hypoglycaemia in mice 2 to 4 days after virus inoculation. All 3 isolates from faeces of patients induced hypoglycaemia in contrast to 3 viruses isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid which did not. Six isolates from throat swabs were either pathogenic (4 isolates) or non-pathogenic (2 isolates). It is concluded that at least two biologically distinct coxsackieviruses B4 prevail among humans.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Novel aspect of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate synthesis in Escherichia coli 3000A1.

A kinetic analysis of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis in an adenine auxotroph of Escherichia coli 3000 was made by assaying the incorporation of [3H]adenine into cAMP during exponential growth. The rate of increase in intracellular [3H]cAMP was very slow (0.1-0.2 pmol/min/DU660). The steady state level was attained at about 40-min incubation after the addition of [3H]adenine, and was estimated to be 5 to 7 pmol/DU660. The rate and level of intracellular cAMP were scarcely affected by growth conditions, such as change of carbon source, whereas the excretion of cAMP into the medium began immediately after the addition of [3H]adenine, and continued at a rate of 5 to 7 pmol/min/DU660 in the glycerol medium. The excretion rate decreased to 1.4 pmol/min/DU660 in the presence of glucose. These results are inconsistent with the view that the excretion rate is dependent on the intracellular concentration of cAMP. Although the decreased rate of cAMP synthesis in the presence of glucose accounts for the permanent catabolite repression of inducible enzyme systems, no immediate depression in cAMP synthesis, which might account for the transient repression, was found after the addition of glucose.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

Effect of growth conditions on catabolite repression and cyclic AMP synthesis in Escherichia coli 3000A1.

Catabolite repression of beta-galactosidase synthesis in E. coli 3000A1 (adenine-) was studied under a variety of growth conditions. The differential rate of induced beta-galactosidase synthesis was maximal at the growth rate of 0.75 division per h, irrespective of whether growth conditions were aerobic or anaerobic. The addition of cyclic AMP (cAMP) to the medium partly restored the repressed synthesis of beta-galactosidase under some growth conditions, but showed little or no effect on the enzyme synthesis under other conditions. Although growth rate and profile of beta-galactosidase synthesis in glucose-grown cells were similar to those in arabinose-grown cells, the acceleration of beta-galactosidase synthesis upon the addition of cAMP was found only in glucose-grown cells. The cells aerobically grown in the presence of glycerol, xylose, or arabinose showed a high synthetic rate of cAMP and were insensitive to exogenously supplied cAMP as regards beta-galactosidase synthesis. Although the cells grown with glucose showed similar rates of cAMP synthesis under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, the differential rate of beta-galactosidase synthesis was much higher in the anaerobic state than in the aerobic state. These findings support the idea that catabolite repression found in the strain is caused through two mechanisms, i.e., cAMP-mediated and cAMP-independent ones.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1983

Antinuclear antibodies in childhood diabetics.

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were detected both in type 1 diabetic children and in control subjects. The incidence of ANA in eighty of these diabetics was 16.3%, as determined using two different substrates, human pancreas and human peripheral leucocytes. The incidence and the patterns in the detection of ANA were the same. Four hundred and seventy-three children and one thousand one hundred and twenty-five adults served as the controls. The incidence of ANA in non-diabetic children was 0.8% and that in one adult population was 1.1%. Therefore, the incidence of ANA in childhood diabetics was significantly higher. We studied autoantibodies in childhood diabetics, in normal children and in one adult population. Pancreatic islet cell antibodies (ICA) were detected in 29 out of 80 type 1 diabetics (36.3%) in two out of 473 normal children (0.4%) and in six cases in one population (0.5%). thyroid microsomal antibodies (MCHA) were detected in 9 out of 80 childhood diabetics and the incidence of MCHA in type 1 diabetics was significantly higher than in the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A population survey of pancreatic islet cell antibodies and antithyroid antibodies.

In a survey of one Japanese population, we detected pancreatic islet cell antibodies (ICA), antithyroid antibodies (ATA) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). The prevalence of ICA was 6 out of 1125 cases, or 0.5%. ATA and ANA were detected in 8.9% and 1%, respectively. There were no cases of either type I or type II diabetes in subjects with ICA. But there was one case who had ATA and another with ANA. Serum samples from this population had been obtained once a year from 1979 and one case with neither ATA nor ANA was found positive for ICA in 1980. Identical tests for ICA were performed on 80 childhood diabetics as were carried out on type I diabetics. Pancreatic isles cell surface antibodies (ICsA), ATA and ANA were studied simultaneously. The prevalence of ICA in 80 cases was 36.3% and that of ICsA was 13.8%. 4 cases had both ICA and ICsA. The prevalence of ATA was 11.2% and that of ANA was 16.3%.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

HLA-DR specifications in Japanese with juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Specific allelic associations vary among ethnic groups. We studied the distribution of HLA-A,-B,-C, and -DR antigens in 34 Japanese juvenile-onset diabetic patients. The focus of our current work was HLS-DR antigens because there have been few studies of Japanese with this disease. A significant increase in the frequency of HLA-DR4 was found in patients but not in unaffected persons: DR4 was found in 56.3% of the patients versus 32.6% of the unaffected persons. However, the negative correlation between DR2 and patients was not statistically significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Islet-cell antibodies and HLA type in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetics.

Pancreatic islet-cell antibodies (I.C.Ab.) were detected in the sera of 6 of 123 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus of recent onset, compared with only 2 positive results among the 434 control sera. The prevalence of humoral I.C.Ab. was strongly dependent on the duration of the diabetes, being 4 of 6 I.C.Ab. positive patients during the first year from diagnosis and falling to 2 of 6 I.C.Ab. positive patients at one to three years. Over four years from the time of diagnosis, there was no I.C.Ab. in the sera of the diabetics. Six I.C.Ab. positive in our group of 123 diabetic patients showed no association with any particular B locus antigen or DYT.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Thyroglobulin and microsomal antibodies in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and their relatives.

The sera for 88 parents and 9 siblings of 73 patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in childhood and 437 controls matched in age and sex, were tested by the thyroglobulin and microsome-coated tanned red cell hemagglutination test (Fuji-Zoki Co. Tokyo). None of 73 children with diabetes mellitus had antithyroglobulin antibodies, whereas twelve (16.4%) had antimicrosomal antibodies compared with the incidence of 0.4% and 1.1%, respectively, in 437 controls. In the parents and siblings of these probands, thyroid antibodies were also found in increased incidence. The incidence of antimicrosomal antibodies in the 68 mothers was significantly higher than in controls matched for age and sex, but the incidence of the positive thyroid antibodies in the 20 fathers and 9 siblings was not significantly different from that in control populations. The incidence of thyroid antibodies tended to be higher, though not significant, in parents and siblings of diabetic children with positive thyroid antibodies than in those of diabetics with negative ones. These findings suggest that immunogenetic factors may be responsible for the pathogenesis of some cases of diabetes mellitus in childhood.

Adolescent↗