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Biomedical subjects

S Kunkel

Publications and source records attributed to S Kunkel.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The effect of a single midcycle administration of 0.5 or 2.0 mg dienogest (17 alpha-cyanomethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-estra-4,9-dien-3-one) on pituitary and ovarian function--investigation for the use as a postcoital contraceptive.

Estradiol-17 beta, progesterone, LH and FSH levels in plasma were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoassay and BBT was recorded in order to investigate the effect of a single midcycle oral dose of 0.5 or 2.0 mg dienogest (17 alpha-cyanomethyl-17 beta-hydroxy-estra-4,9-dien-3-one, VEB Jenapharm, Jena/GDR) on pituitary and ovarian function in 18 healthy fertile females. After application of 0.5 mg dienogest in the follicular phase the cycles appeared to be anovulatory. Administration of 2.0 mg two days prior to the expected LH-surge produced a delay of the LH-peak combined with an absence of ovulation as well as the absence of the normal subsequent increase of progesterone. With 0.5 mg the delay of the LH-surge was followed by an ovulation with normal corpus luteum function. The application of 0.5 or 2.0 mg one day before or during the rising LH-peak lowered the LH-surge but ovulation and luteal phase were not altered. Administration of both dosages during the LH-peak could neither prevent ovulation nor disturb corpus luteum function. Postovulatory ingestion of 0.5 or 2.0 mg dienogest during the BBT-rise produced no alteration of the further cycle. These results demonstrate that dienogest in a single-dose-administration in midcycle can alter pituitary and ovarian function depending on the time interval between application and the day of LH-surge.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Constant intrarenal infusion of PGE1 into a canine renal transplant using a totally implantable pump.

A method was devised whereby PGE1 could be administered to a canine renal transplant recipient on a chronic basis. PGE1 was stored in the reservoir of an implantable pump and delivered continuously in high doses directly into the renal transplant artery. In the model studied a contralateral untreated transplant from the same donor served as a control. Sequential renal scans were used to study the effect of intraarterial PGE1 on the rejection process. Continuous delivery of PGE1 into the renal transplant artery did not prevent allograft failure under these conditions; blood flow diminished similarly in both PGE1-treated and untreated transplants. There were, however, striking differences in the histologic appearance of treated and untreated transplants. PGE1 perfusion resulted in the appearance of large numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes but few lymphocytes. In the untreated control allograft, however, the findings were typical of lymphocyte-mediated acute rejection. The distinctive differences noted histologically suggested that the local administration of PGE1 influenced the mechanism by which graft failure occurred. The ability to manipulate cell populations infiltrating an allograft represents a potentially important means for modifying the immune response.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1982

CAMP differences between clones of high and low malignant fibrosarcoma cells.

The levels of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were measured in a high malignant and a low malignant clone of murine fibrosarcoma cells isolated from a common parent in a normal mouse fibroblasts at various stages of growth. There was an inverse correlation between the degree of malignant potential and the cAMP levels. The normal fibroblasts had the highest cAMP at all time periods measured. The high malignant cells had the lowest levels and the low malignant cells were intermediary. The degree of susceptibility of each population to the growth inhibiting effects of dibutyryl cAMP, a cAMP analogue, was also measured. There was a direct correlation between degree of malignant potential and susceptibility to growth inhibition. These findings strongly support our belief that the low malignant cells represent a state of malignancy that is intermediary between the high malignant cells and the normal fibroblasts. cAMP differences may contribute to this.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Thyrotropin, total thyroxine, thyroxine binding capacity and free thyroxine index in patients with gonadal dysgenesis (karyotype 45/XO).

In 9 patients with gonadal dysgenesis (karyotype 45/XO), the responsiveness of thyreotropic cells of the pituitary was investigated by stimulation with thyreotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Both after hormone substitution in the form of sequential therapy (mestranol/mestranol-chlormadinone acetate) and after the end of therapy the investigations were repeated. TSH was determined by RIA, total thyroxine and binding capacity of thyroxine binding globuline (TBC-index) by protein binding assay. The free thyroxine index (FT4-index) was calculated. The results show that the hypothalamic-pituitary unit in patients with gonadal dysgenesis reacts in a similar manner as in normal female subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Behavior of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis in a patient with asymmetric mixed gonadal dysgenesis (chromosome pattern 45,XO/46,XY) before and after gonad excision after with arginine, GRH and TRH stimulation].

In a 12 years old patient with asymmetric mixed gonadal dysgenesis (karyotype 45, XO/46,XY) a stimulation test with arginine, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH) and thyreotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was performed before and after exstirpation of the gonads as well as after application of sex steroids. FSH, LH, PRL, HGH, TSH, testosterone and oestradiol were determined by radioimmunoassay. The results show an intact hypothalamo-pituitary axis which reacts with a normal negative feedback with respect to the secretion of gonadotropins after application of sex steroids.

Arginine↗
PubMed1982

[Serum gastrin level, oesophageal sphincter pressure, gastro-oesophageal reflux and symptoms of reflux (author's transl)].

Under basal conditions serum gastrin concentration was compared with lower oesophageal sphincter pressure (pull-through perfusion manometry) and gastrooesophageal reflux (continuous pH measurements) in 72 patients. Between patients with low, middle and high basal gastrin level no differences were obtained for mean sphincter pressure. Mean reflux frequency and total reflux duration were increased significantly in patients with high gastrin level compared with patients with low gastrin level. Mean basal gastrin level was found to be higher in patients with symptoms of reflux than in patients without symptoms.

Esophagitis, Peptic↗
PubMed1980

[Stimulation test of the adenohypophysis with arginine, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in 45, XO patients with Turner's syndrome (author's transl)].

Pituitary stimulation tests with arginine, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GRH) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were performed in five 45, XO patients with Turner's syndrome. Their ages ranged from 12--17 years. Serum levels of LH, FSH, PRL, HGH, and TSH were measured by RIA. The hypothalamo-pituitary system appeared normal in the patients with Turner's syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The gonadotropin releasing hormone stimulation and the clomiphene tests in female patients with anorexia nervosa.

In 9 female patients suffering from acute anorexia nervosa (a.n.) and in two patients in whom this disease had reached the remission phase, the response of the gonadotropin-producing cells in the adenohypophysis was checked by administration of Gn-RH and the degree to which the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis could be stimulated was checked by administration of clomiphene (5 x 100 mg). Hormonal screening examinations (cervical score after Insler and hormonal vaginal cytology) were used to assay the basal estrogen production. LH and FSH concentrations in the serum were determined radioimmunologically using the principles of the double antibody technique. The gonadotropin-producing cells did not respond to Gn-RH administration in 8 of the 9 patients with acute a.n. The response was disturbed in one of these patients. The response to Gn-RH stimulation was normal in the two patients in the remission phase. Clomiphene had no stimulatory effect on the hypothalamic-hypophyseal axis during either the acute or remission phase. Hormonal treatment during the acute phase of a.n. is not indicated since, after recovery of a normal body weight, the symptoms recede and the cycle normalises spontaneously.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Preservation of C3, C5, and C5a functional activities by a new radiolabeling method; demonstration of C5 products in complement-activated serum.

A new method is described for the radiolabeling of C3, C5, and C5a. Using a methylation procedure we have labeled C3, C5, and C5a with 14CH20, achieving high specific activity, without loss of hemolytic activity in the case of C3 and C5, and in the case of C5a, full retention of chemotactic and enzyme releasing activities. The distribution of radiolabel in the alpha and beta chains of C5 was 75 and 25%, respectively. Using intact labeled C5 the fragmentation pattern in zymosan-activated human serum, assessed by gel filtration and electrophoresis, is complex, yielding multiple fragmentation products. The labeling method described in this paper yield materials that have many advantages over the currently used labeling procedures.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1978

[Complex genesis of anemia in chronic liver diseases].

36% of a total of chronic liver patients suffered from anaemia and 50.5% of patients affected with liver cirrhosis. In most cases the anaemias were normochrome and hypochrome or hyperchrome only in some cases. In analyzing possible single factors the reductions of vitamin B12 absorption could be made probable by means of the Schilling test and sometimes a folic acid deficiency in macrocyte anaemia with normal vitamin B12 absorption by determining the folic acid content in the serum and by successes of test treatment 82% of patients with liver cirrhosis showed a latent or manifest haemolysis. However, it was only in 1/3 of the patients with liver cirrhosis that the spleen turned out to be the place of an increased degradation of erythrocytes. In some cases an increased erythrocytoclasia into the liver could be identified. Predominantly, however, an increased degradation of erythrocytes in the total RHS had to be assumed. Twice an ineffective erythropoiesis could be found by ferrokinetic examinations. As a whole ferrokinetic examinations cannot be interpreted easily, because their static and dynamic values of iron transport in the plasma volume of liver patients will undergo considerable changes. Patients with disturbances of haematopoiesis and with haemolysis remaining in the latent stage may develop a manifest anaemia because of the influence of additional factors, such as increase of the plasma volume at lowered haematocrit value or microbleedings. The cause of anaemia cannot be concluded with sufficient probability from the type of anaemia; in a single case all pathogenetic factors will rather have to be analyzed. Therapeutic possibilities for hepatogenous anaemia of complex genesis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Studies on the binding capacity of thyroxin-binding globulin (TBC), total thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin index (FT4-I) and the ETR-test in gestosis and placental insufficiency].

Total serum thyroxine (T4), thyroxine binding capacity (TBC), free thyroxine index (FT4-I) and effective thyroxine ratio (ETR) were measured in 53 toxemias of pregnancy and in 5 cases with placental insufficiency. Total serum thyroxine, ETR and FT4-I were found in physiological ranges of the normal pregnancy, the TBC-index was decreased. Between the 19. and 34. week of pregnancy, the decrease of the TBC-index was smaller than after the 34. week of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of long-term beta adrenergic therapy on the HPL blood level and the total excretion of estrogens].

Pregnant women with imminent miscarriage were treated with Partusisten and/or Dilatol for tocolysis beginning in the 29. week of pregnancy. During treatment the mean urinary excretion of total oestrogens (n = 35; p less than 0,01 in 36th week of pregnancy and later) and the mean plasma level of HPL increased (n = 8; p less than 0,01 in 33., 34. and 35. week of pregnancy). These changes have to be concidered in judging the fetoplacental unit or the function of placenta.

Abortion, Threatened↗