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Biomedical subjects

S Kodama

Publications and source records attributed to S Kodama.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

An established hybridoma clone producing a monoclonal antibody against Vibrio anguillarum.

Vibrio anguillarum is a pathogenic microorganism of vibriosis, an infectious disease found in various fish species. A mouse hybridoma clone, named C5, that produced a monoclonal antibody to V. anguillarum was established. The specific reaction of C5 antibody with V. anguillarum was confirmed by the pre-adsorption effect of the V. anguillarum cells in ELISA and a cell immunoprecipitation experiment. Western blotting analysis indicated that the C5 antibody recognized a high molecular weight substance extracted from cells with detergents.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Reproducibility of spasm in patients with long-term remission of vasospastic angina by medical treatment].

The reproducibility of coronary vasospasm was assessed in nine patients with complete remission of vasospastic angina by medical treatment by reexamination at intervals of mean [+/-SD] 5.7 +/- 0.9 years. Twenty-one segments were defined as spastic, demonstrating more than 90% narrowing after acetylcholine injection at the initial angiography. The degree of spasticity, type of spasm (diffuse or focal) and coronary artery diameter in these segments at the initial and follow-up studies were compared. Of the 21 segments, 17 (81%) still had some spasticity (> 25%) at the follow-up study and 8 (38%) of these 17 showed spasticity with greater than 90% narrowing. On the other hand, spasm was not reprovoked in 4 (19%) segments. Luminal diameter of the spastic segments decreased significantly at the follow-up study (2.52 +/- 0.83 vs 2.26 +/- 0.62 mm, p = 0.01), but percentage stenosis was not different between the initial and follow-up studies (9.1 +/- 7.2 vs 10.3 +/- 8.0%, NS). The reproducibility of the type of spasm provoked was 83%. Coronary vasospasticity persists to some extent in spite of complete remission of angina by medical treatment, and the type of spasm provoked has high reproducibility. Therefore, the cessation of drug treatment should be done carefully.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical evaluation of 2-mg granisetron tablet for nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs including cisplatin].

The antiemetic effects on nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs and safety of a 2-mg granisetron tablet were studied in cancer patients, particularly in the field of gynecology, who had been treated with anticancer drugs including cisplatin (CDDP) at 50 mg/m2 or more. The 1-mg granisetron tablet is already commercially available and used widely in clinical practice by oral administration of two tablets per dosage. In this investigation, the clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness of a 2-mg tablet, which can be taken more easily, were studied. The 2-mg granisetron tablet was judged to be "remarkably effective" or "effective" for nausea and vomiting in 22 (66.7%) of 33 patients. For safety, neither adverse experiences nor abnormal laboratory values were judged to be of clinical significance. The 2-mg granisetron tablet was considered "extremely useful" or "useful" in 22 (66.7%) of 33 patients. The above results confirmed the excellent antiemetic effect on nausea and vomiting induced by anticancer drugs including CDDP and the high degree of safety of a 2-mg granisetron tablet.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The comparative study of LUMIWARD immunoassay system and CAP RAST system for determination of food allergy on infantile atopic dermatitis].

The reliability of assay methods was studied between LUMIWARD and CAP RAST due to the removal of some kinds of foods and/or challenge test. In the 45 infants with atopic dermatitis, egg, milk, flour, rice, and soybean were removed from foods and/or challenge test of those foods were carried out by every three months as possible. At the same time, the allergen-specific IgE antibodies were measured with LUMIWARD and CAP RAST. The negative concordance rate of LUMIWARD and CAP RAST. The negative concordance rate of LUMIWARD was elevated more than that of CAP RAST and the positive concordance rate of CAP RAST was elevated more than that of LUMIWARD. These results suggests that CAP RAST is useful for the determination of removal of foods, while LUMIWARD is useful for the determination of foods to challenge. The risk of overlooking the allergen exists, because the positive concordance concordance rates of LUMIWARD were low in the milk and flour. With developing age, the negative concordance rates decreased in CAP RAST, therefore unnecessary removal of foods may continue for a long time. The determination of low concentration with LUMIWARD was unreliable.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition of tumor growth by direct intratumoral gene transfer of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene with DNA-liposome complexes.

To establish the expression of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene in tumor cells, we analyzed the promoter function of the SV40 promoter and the nucleotide sequence (CACGTG) to which Myc-Max heterodimers (Myc/Max) were capable of binding in four kinds of cell lines: COLO320 DM, A-431, KF, and Nakajima. When luciferase reporter plasmid under the control of SV40 promoter was transfected into tumor cells in vitro, a high level of luciferase activity was observed in all kinds of cell lines. However, by transfection of the luciferase gene promoted by the Myc/Max binding sequence, accelerated luciferase expression was observed in COLO320 DM and A-431 cells with high expression of c-myc, but not in KF and Nakajima cells, which showed low expression of c-myc. The repeated transfection of the liposome-conjugated HSV-TK gene regulated by the SV40 promoter and cultivation in 100 micrograms/ml of aciclovir for 5 days in vitro demonstrated growth inhibition for all four kinds of cell lines. However, cell toxicity was observed only in COLO320 DM and A-431 cells when the HSV-TK gene promoted by the Myc/Max binding sequence was introduced. (The survival rate to 100 micrograms/ml of aciclovir concentration in COLO320 DM, A-431, KF, and Nakajima cells was 59%, 53%, 74%, and 79%, respectively.) In vivo direct injection of the liposome-conjugated HSV-TK gene regulated by the SV40 promoter into established tumors and aciclovir administration for 10 days into the mice resulted in significant tumor volume reduction in three tested tumor cells. However, injection of the HSV-TK gene promoted by the Myc/Max binding sequence and aciclovir administration into mice could achieve significant tumor regression only in COLO320 DM and A-431 cells. These results suggest that gene therapy using the HSV-TK gene promoted by the Myc/Max binding sequence can be an attractive approach for treatment against tumor cells expressing high levels of c-myc.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1996

Recurrent placental site trophoblastic tumor of the uterus: clinical, pathologic, ultrastructural, and DNA fingerprint study.

Placental site trophoblastic tumor is a rare disease. Most benign cases of this disease show a few mitotic figures of the tumor while recurrent cases usually have more than 5 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. The present case was primarily treated by hysterectomy and chemotherapy and had 2 mitoses in 10 high-power fields. After 1 years and 4 months of therapy the patients was diagnosed as ovarian metastasis because of gradually increasing serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level and abnormally high fluid levels of beta-hCG and human placental lactogen (hPL) punctured from her cystic ovarian tumor. This recurrent case was further treated with another regimen of chemotherapy for 7 courses, and the serum beta-hCG level had decreased at present. This report describes the recurrent case and discusses the histology of a few mitotic figures, electron microscopic findings, and results of the DNA fingerprint analysis of the primary tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Effects of oral and systemic immunization on nasopharyngeal clearance of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in BALB/c mice.

BALB/c mice were immunized orally or subcutaneously with formalin-killed nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody titers against NTHi were significantly increased by oral immunization, but not by subcutaneous immunization. Both immunization procedures remarkably increased the levels of serum antibody activities of both IgA and immunoglobulin G. Live NTHi were then inoculated into the naso-pharynx, and the clearance of the pathogen from the nasopharynx was observed. Significantly fewer bacteria were present in the nasopharynx of the orally immunized mice than in the control mice. However, there was no significant difference between the subcutaneously immunized mice and the control mice. The results indicate that oral immunization can enhance the ability of mice to clear NTHi from the nasopharynx.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Cavum septum pellucidum in schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

In order to determine if cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is more prevalent in schizophrenic patients, we studied 72 Japanese patients who fulfilled the DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia and 41 normal controls. Sagittal, 1 mm thick magnetic resonance imaging slices of the entire cranium were obtained using a gradient-echo pulse sequence, and coronal and axial images were reconstructed for assessment. A CSP was observed in 34 patients (47.2%) and in 16 controls (38.0%). Although the CSP appeared to be more prevalent in schizophrenic patients, this difference was not statistically significant. However, schizophrenic patients with a history of long-term institutionalization had a higher incidence of CSP compared with patients who had not been admitted to hospital for more than 3 years (68.2 vs 38.0%). These results suggest that the CSP may be a pathophysiology that characterizes schizophrenic patients with poor prognoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of proliferative activities and metastases between two subtypes classified at the deeply infiltrating sites of colorectal moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas.

Twenty-eight moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas invading beyond the muscularis propria of the colorectum were subclassified as 13 moderate- and 15 poor-subtype tumors based on the histology at the deeply infiltrating sites. Moderately differentiated cancer cells were correlated with liver metastasis and p53 immunoreactivity. Poorly differentiated cancer cells were correlated with lymph node metastases but not to p53 immunoreactivity. The proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling index (LI), Ki-67 LI and agyrophilic nuclear organizer regions (AgNOR) values determined for the poorly differentiated cancer cells in the poor-subtype tumors were significantly lower than those of moderately differentiated cancer cells in the moderate-subtype tumors. In cells from tumors classified as poor-subtype, poor differentiation was associated with decreased PCNA LI levels, but with unchanged Ki-67 LI and AgNOR values. These results indicate that colorectal adenocarcinoma cells that are histologically subclassified as moderately differentiated have different proliferative and metastatic activities from cancer cells that are poorly differentiated. Moderately differentiated cancer cells are associated with hematogenous metastasis to liver and high proliferative activity, and loss of tubular formation of cancer cells may be fundamentally related to lymph node metastasis and infiltrative growth.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

Case report: an exaggerated placental site with a cervical pregnancy.

An exaggerated placental site (EXPS) is an exuberant nonneoplastic proliferation of the intermediate trophoblast at the implantation site. We had a case of an EXPS with a cervical pregnancy. We report on this case, including the patient's clinical course and immunohistological findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Phase II study of paclitaxel (BMS-181339) in patients with ovarian cancer by 3-hour intravenous infusion].

A phase II study of Paclitaxel in patients with ovarian cancer by 3-hour intravenous infusion was undertaken by a cooperative study group of 30 institutes. Of 66 cases enrolled, 57 cases were evaluable for efficacy, and 63 cases were evaluable for safety. In spite of the fact that all cases for efficacy evaluation were previously treated with chemotherapy including platinum-based drugs, 2 cases of complete response (CR) and 15 cases of partial response (PR) were observed, with a response rate of 29.8% (The 95% confidence interval of response rate was 18.4-43.4%). Paclitaxel also showed 28.2% (11/39) response rate in patients refractory to treatment by platinum-based drugs. Histologically, the response rates were 28.9% (11/38) in serous adenocarcinoma, 40.0% (2/5) in clear cell adenocarcinoma and 25.0% (1/4) in mucinous adenocarcinoma. As the major laboratory abnormalities, leukopenia, neutropenia and decrease in hemoglobin were observed with incidence rates of 98.4% (62/63), 95.2% (59/62) and 85.7% (54/63), respectively. However, these abnormalities were clinically manageable by either withdrawal of medication, administration of antibiotics, G-CSF or metachysis etc. In addition, thrombocytopenia, elevation in GOT and GPT were seen with moderate incidence. Peripheral neuropathy was a major adverse symptom with an incidence of 79.4% (50/63), followed by alopecia, myalgia, arthralgia and fever. However, the majority of these adverse reactions were less than grade 3. From these findings, we confirmed that 3-hour intravenous infusion of Paclitaxel was a clinically useful chemotherapeutic agent in patients with ovarian cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in patients with endometrial cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The prognostic factors of endometrial cancer are closely correlated. A multivariate analysis was carried to compare the importance of each factor. METHOD: A multivariate analysis was performed of 19 clinicopathologic prognostic factors obtained from 144 endometrial cancer patients who had been surgically treated in our hospital between January 1971 and December 1993. RESULTS: Significant prognostic factors according to the Kaplan-Meier method were depth of invasion, vascular invasion, nuclear grade, cervical involvement, lymph node metastases, intraperitoneal cytology, serous adenocarcinoma, DNA ploidy, type of hysterectomy and surgery only or combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that vascular invasion and nuclear grade were more significant than structural grade, histologic subtype or DNA ploidy. CONCLUSION: Multivariate analysis is useful for extracting important recurrent factors from mutually related prognostic factors. Vascular invasion and nuclear grade are singled out as the most useful histologic prognostic factors.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1996

[Changes of coronary artery diameter during follow-up in patients with vasospastic angina: comparison of spastic and non-spastic sites].

The relationship between coronary vasospasticity and the development of atherosclerotic lesion was studied in 24 patients with vasospastic angina. All patients had no organic stenosis initially and underwent follow-up coronary angiography at 66 +/- 9 months after the initial examination. The coronary artery diameter was measured with the contour detection method. The spastic and non-spastic sites were identified at the initial coronary angiography with the acetylcholine provocation test. The change of the luminal diameter (delta LD) and the ratio of the change of luminal diameter (% delta LD) were compared at the spastic and the non-spastic sites. The follow-up examination showed significant decreases of coronary artery diameter in both the spastic (2.35 +/- 0.67 vs 2.16 +/- 0.58 mm, p < 0.001) and non-spastic sites (2.66 +/- 0.91 vs 2.54 +/- 0.84 mm, p = 0.02). However, delta LD and % delta LD were not different between the spastic and non-spastic sites (delta LD: -0.19 +/- 0.40 vs -0.12 +/- 0.46 mm, NS; % delta LD: -6.7 +/- 14.8% vs -3.2 +/- 17.0%, NS). In conclusion, coronary vasospasticity does not promote the development of atherosclerotic lesion.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the determination of cervical involvement in endometrial cancer].

One hundred and sixty patients with FIGO stage I and II endometrial cancer entered this study. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI; 61 cases), fractional curettage (110 cases) and hysteroscopy (119 cases) were performed to evaluate the presence of cervical involvement, and the findings were histologically compared with specimens obtained in abdominal hysterectomy. MRI showed the highest sensitivity (90.9%), specificity (96.0%) and diagnostic accuracy (95.1%) for the presence of cervical involvement. In 11 cases with cervical lesions, MRI predicted all 9 cases with invasion deeper than 1.5 mm. From these results we concluded that MRI appeared to be an excellent technique for cervical involvement and it would be a great help in determining the surgical procedure for endometrial cancer.

Endometrial Neoplasms↗