Herein we report our experience of percutaneous nephro-ureterolithotomy on 18 renal or upper ureteral calculous patients between December, 1984 and May, 1985. Using an ultrasonic lithotrite and a nephroscope especially developed for the percutaneous disintegration and removal of upper urinary stones via a nephrostomy, 15 of the patients were successfully treated without open surgery.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Intrathoracic lesions in adult leukemia patients].

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Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Reductive metabolism of aromatic nitro compounds including carcinogens by rabbit liver preparations.

Reductive metabolism of aromatic nitro compounds was examined with rabbit liver preparations. Under anaerobic conditions, carcinogenic 2-nitrofluorene, 4-nitrobiphenyl, and 1-nitro-naphthalene were reduced to the corresponding hydroxylamines and amines, whereas the carcinogenic 1-nitropyrene was reduced only to the corresponding amine by liver cytosol in the presence of 2-hydroxypyrimidine, an electron donor of aldehyde oxidase. These metabolites were identified unequivocally by comparing their mass spectra and thin-layer chromatographic behaviors with those of the authentic samples. Both liver microsomes and cytosol catalyzed the reduction of these aromatic nitro compounds in varying degrees. The microsomes required reduced pyridine nucleotides for occurrence of the nitroreductase activities. In this case, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate was more effective than reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as an electron donor. The cytosol by itself exhibited some nitroreductase activities, which were markedly enhanced by addition of an electron donor of aldehyde oxidase, i.e., N1-methylnicotinamide or 2-hydroxypyrimidine. The full activities of the cytosol with the electron donor were much higher than those of the microsomes with the reduced pyridine nucleotide. Purified liver aldehyde oxidase, like the cytosol, exhibited significant nitroreductase activities in the presence of its electron donor. These results indicated that cytosolic aldehyde oxidase functions as a major enzyme responsible for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds including carcinogens in rabbit liver.

Aldehyde Oxidase↗

PubMed1986

[Statistical studies on metastasis of breast cancer and cancer metastasis to the breast].

Metastasis of breast cancer is examined by the database of the Annuals of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan from 1981 to 1983. Breast cancer metastases to the lungs (70.3%), liver (58.4%), bone marrow (53.1%), pleura (29.0%), adrenals (27.9%), skin-subcutaneous tissue (19.7%), brain (14.3%) are frequent in decreasing order. Bone marrow, adrenals, ovaries (11.5%) and thyroid gland (11.1%) are more likely invaded by breast cancer than others. After menopause, the metastases become less frequent than before, especially after 65 years. Breast cancer is one of the highly widespread metastatic cancers, such as malignant melanoma, neuroblastoma, leukemia and malignant lymphoma. On the contrary, cancers metastatic to the breasts are rare (less than 1%). There is no special cancer metastatic to the breast.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Purification of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene reductase from rabbit liver cytosol.

N-Hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene reductase was purified from rabbit liver cytosol by fractionation with ammonium sulfate, and chromatography with DEAE-cellulose, Sephadex G-200 and hydroxylapatite. The purified enzyme was homogeneous by the criterion of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 34,000 by the electrophoresis and by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The enzyme required cysteine, glutathione, dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, NADPH or NADH as an electron donor. The enzyme activity was inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid, N-ethylmaleimide, cupric sulfate or disulfiram, but little by oxygen.

Animals↗