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Biomedical subjects

S Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Kikuchi.

At least 505 records · Page 28Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Anatomical and experimental studies of nerve root infiltration.

Cervical or lumbar nerve root infiltration is a valuable and reliable technique when the localization of the symptomatic level cannot be assessed by any other diagnostic procedure. In order to obtain the morphological basis for this technique, anatomical and experimental studies were carried out with 6 mongrel dogs and 7 human cadavers. In the spinal canal a membranous structure, the epidural membrane, interposing between the dura and yellow ligament can be found. There is a fibrous covering around the nerve root in the intervertebral foramen, which is called the epiradicular sheath. The epiradicular sheath is formed by a lateral extension of the superficial layer of the posterior longitudinal ligament blended with the epidural membrane enveloping the dura. When epidurography is performed on dog cadavers both at the cervical and lumbar levels, the contrast material is located between the dura and epidural membrane. When cervical nerve root infiltration is performed on dog and human cadavers, the contrast material spreads under the epiradicular sheath. Based on these anatomical and experimental studies it can be concluded that selective infiltration of each nerve root with the contrast material and/or local anesthetic is possible by the existence of the epiradicular sheath. And the epiradicular sheath is responsible for the fact that the contrast material is located around the nerve roots in a tubular fashion.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Enhanced thromboxane A2 biosynthesis in the kidney of spontaneously hypertensive rats during development of hypertension.

Arachidonic acid (AA)-induced pressor response and production of thromboxane YXB2, the stable metabolite of TXA2, prostaglandin (PG)-like substance (PLS) and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha the stable metabolite of prostacyclin (PGIs), were studied using isolated, perfused kidneys of 6- and 18-week old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), two-kidney, one clip hypertensive rats (RHR) and DOCA/salt hypertensive rats (DOCA/salt HR). The AA-induced pressor response and release of TXB2 were highest in the 6-week old SHR, whereas, the release of PLS and 6-keto-PGF 1 alpha was marked in the 18-wek old SHR and the established hypertensive stages of both RHR and DOCA/salt HR. In the kidneys of SHR and WKy, exogenous TXA2 induced a severe vasoconstriction and there was a positive correlation between the AA-induced pressor response and the release of TXB2 or PLS. Thus, the initiation of hypertension in SHR may follow an accelerated synthesis of TXA2 against PGI2 in response to stimuli which induce a release of AA.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The role of folate deficiency in electrophysiological neuropathy of experimental hepatoma of the rats.

Experimental hepatoma of the rats was induced by chronic administration of 3'-methyl-dimethylamino-azobenzene. The folate level of the hepatoma-bearing rats tended to be low as compared with that of normal controls, and the co-existence of folate deficiency and reduced motor nerve conduction velocity of the dorsal nerve trunks appeared not uncommon. The hepatoma-bearing rats revealed the disturbance of serine to glycine conversion in serum, and folate administration to them prevented electrophysiological neuropathy along with normalization of serine to glycine conversion. Therefore, the reduced motor nerve conduction velocity could be at least in part the result of a metabolic impairment due to folate deficiency.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Localisation of the level of symptomatic cervical disc degeneration.

There are many difficulties associated with the localisation of the symptomatic segment in patients presenting with cervicobrachial pain with no evidence of impaired conduction in the nerve root. Ancillary radiological investigations such as myelography, epidural phlebography, and epidural myelograms are of unreliable diagnostic value. However, discography can be of value if the technique described here is used. Infiltration of the cervical nerve root with local anaesthetic has also proved useful in the localisation of the symptomatic segment. The techniques used in cervical discography and infiltration of the nerve root are described and their reliability is assessed.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1981

[Clinical application of cefsulodin to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the surgical field (author's transl)].

Cefsulodin (CFS), a new antipseudomonas cephalosporin, was clinically evaluated for treatment of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the surgical field to obtain the following results. 1. CFS was administered to total 11 cases of the surgical infections caused by P. aeruginosa, comprising of 5 cases with wound infections, 3 cases with infected burn and 1 case each with muscular abscess, decubitus and postoperative pneumonia in 0.5 approximately 1 g twice a day by intravenous bolus or drip infusion. Good clinical responses were obtained in 9 out of 11 cases (81.8%). 2. Bacteriological responses were observed in all cases. P. aeruginosa was eradicated in 9 cases and suppressed in 2 cases by CFS treatment. However, replacement of pathogens with the other organisms was observed in 6 out of 8 cases caused by P. aeruginosa only. 3. Neither objective and subjective side effects nor abnormalities of laboratory tests associated with CFS treatment were observed. 4. It can be, therefore, concluded that CFS is one of the useful drugs for treatment of the surgical infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Nitrate respiration of Klebsiella pneumoniae on amino acids, especially on serine.

Anaerobic growth on an amino acids mixture in the presence of nitrate of a strain of K. pneumoniae isolated from soil depended on the presence of serine in the mixture. This organism grew on serine as sole carbon source under anaerobic conditions in the presence of nitrate but not in its absence. Glycylglycine could replace serine. Serine was degraded to acetate, formate, pyruvate, acetone and acetoin with formation of nitrite under these conditions. These products were practically not different from those formed from glucose. Resting cells decomposed serine also in the absence of nitrate forming butanediol and a large amount of formate in place of decreased amounts of acetate and pyruvate. These cells also anaerobically decomposed alanine to products similar to those from serine and phenylalanine to phenylacetate and formate only in the presence of nitrate. Valine was not catabolized under the same conditions. Serine was decomposed to pyruvate and ammonia in the crude extract in the presence and absence of nitrate, indicating participation of serine dehydratase in its breakdown. Phenylalanine appears to be decomposed to phenylpyruvate by transamination coupled to glutamate oxidation and then to phenylacetate and formate. Little growth on serine under anaerobic conditions in the absence of nitrate may be accounted for by the small gain of ATP in the anaerobic breakdown of serine by this organism.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1980

Acceleration of hypotension and development of stroke in the spontaneously hypertensive rat by unilateral ureteral obstruction.

Unilateral uareteral obstruction (UUO) in 6-week old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (6-w-SHR) accelerated the elevation of blood pressure and developed stroke with high frequency from 3 weeks after operation, whereas UUO had no effect in either 20-week old SHR or 6-week old normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Urinary protein excretion and plasma urea and renin concentrations in 6-w-SHR began to increase 2 weeks after UUO. Removal of the obstructed kidney in 6-w-SHR one week after UUO prevented the acceleration of hypertension, while the same treatment 2 weeks after operation did not. In the ureter-obstructed kidneys of 6-w-SHR, hydronephrotic atrophy was markedly observed already one week after operation, while in the opposite kidneys, hypertensive vascular lesions were manifested from the second week. These results indicate that with regard to reversibility of the hypertensive process, the obstructed kidney is more important in the early postoperative stages and the contralateral kidney more important later.

Animals↗