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Biomedical subjects

S Kikuchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Kikuchi.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Experimental and clinical studies on the intestinal anastomosis and reconstruction of the alimentary tract].

Healing process of anastomosis and its procedure were studied in following points: Four-interrupted sutures anastomosis in the Wistar rats revealed recanalization without leakage in 64 out of 69. Lymphangial recanalization through the anastomosis was completed within 21 days after operation by Gambee' layer-to-layer anastomosis. While 8 weeks were required by everted or inverted anastomosis. Serosal surface of invaginated intestinal segment of which length corresponded to x1-x2 luminal diameter in the telescoping anastomosis was covered within 8 weeks by the proliferated mucosae of the both proximal and distal segments. Telescoping anastomosis was found to be useful to make an intestinal valve which worked just the same as ileocoecal junction. IVH and elementary diet were effective on the healing of anastomosis. According to the above mentioned findings, following operative procedures were recommended: Esophago-jejunal conduit duodenostomy following total gastrectomy. Choledocho-jejunal conduit duodenostomy with the intestinal valve as bile duct reconstruction. Construction of the intestinal valve and an artificial sphincter using rectus abdominis muscle fibers for ileostomy or short bowel syndrome. Endorectal pull-through operation for anterior-resection of the rectum as well as for radical treatment of Hirschsprung' disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[A comparative study of free amino acid levels in serum and cerebral cortex in uremic rat].

The etiology of uremic encephalopathy remains largely unknown. In order to elucidate the role of amino acid changes in uremic encephalopathy, the free amino acids in serum and cerebral cortex were measured in the experimental uremic models. The rats weighing 200 g underwent bilateral ureteral ligation for 48 hours (acute uremia), while the other animals were kept for 4 months after unilateral nephrectomy followed by partial 2/3 nephrectomy of the remaining kidney (chronic uremia). They were confirmed to develop chemical changes compatible with uremia showing markedly elevated serum levels of BUN, creatinine and K+, and were compared with the sham-operated controls. The amino acid patterns, obtained from serum and cerebral cortex, were essentially identical in both acute and chronic uremia. In serum, aspartic acid, glycine and 3-methylhistidine were significantly elevated, and in addition citrulline, alpha-aminoadipic acid, cystine and gamma-aminobutyric acid specifically appeared in uremia. On the contrary, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine were significantly reduced. Tyrosine/phenylalanine ratio, valine/glycine ratio, essential amino acids/non essential amino acids ratio were also apparently reduced in uremia. In cerebral cortex, aspartic acid, glutamine, glycine, histidine, ornithine, phenylalanine, phosphoethanolamine and taurine were significantly elevated, whereas 1-methylhistidine and 3-methylhistidine were specifically detected. Carnocine, glutamic acid and ornithine disclosed a significant reduction in uremia. The above complicated changes in cerebral cortex could not be explained simply by the enhanced permeability of the blood-brain barrier, or by the accelerated ammonia fixation. Therefore, it was suggested that the amino acid levels in cerebral cortex vary under the control of the sophisticated mechanism.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

[The effect of maternal exercise on the fetal heart rate].

The effect of maternal exercise (the two-step test of Master) on the fetus was studied in 28 pregnant women. These subjects consisted of 5 cardiac cases, 5 cases with IUGR, 5 cases with preeclampsia and 13 normal pregnant women. Overt deceleration of the FHR was found after exercise only in 3 cardiac cases whose FHR tracings had been normal before. Slight changes such as a small rise or a small fall in FHR after exercise were seen in 4 of 7 cases who had shown decelerations in FHR before, and in a normal case. Fetal tachycardia appeared in 2 normal cases immediately before exercise; in one case the FHR tracing appeared not to be influenced by exercise; in the other case it rested at the normal baseline level after exercise. In most cases the amplitude of baseline variability remained unchanged or decreased after exercise. The severity of deceleration before exercise did not correlate well with the results of the exercise test. The exercise test did not reveal any new patients who might have placental insufficiency, suggesting that this procedure may not be warranted for evaluating a patient with placental insufficiency. Fetal response to exercise, however, may disclose a maternal hemodynamic problem. The exercise test with FHR monitoring should be recommended to a patient with heart disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in various disease states and their clinical significance].

The IAP level of sera from normal subjects and patients with various diseases were quantitatively measured by single radial immunodiffusion method. The mean IAP concentration in the sera from 152 normal individuals was 375.3 +/- 100.1 micrograms/ml, whereas among 86 patients with benign diseases, the level in 26 patients with acute abdominal inflammation or rheumatoid arthritis was particularly higher than normal level. The IAP level in 277 patients with carcinoma was 642.9 +/- 311.0 micrograms/ml which carcinoma was about 2-hold higher than normal level, especially in the patient with lung, biliary tract and esophageal cancer. Following successful surgical resection of carcinoma, the IAP level gradually decreased to normal level, but in the recurrent cancer patients the level increased markedly again. The changes of IAP level was quantitatively correlated with the serum level of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AG). However, IAP level had relatively higher response more than that of alpha 1-AG in patients with inflammation and carcinoma. In gastric cancer patients, there was a good correlation between IAP in increased level and phytohemagglutinin response in peripheral lymphocytes. The evidence suggests that IAP level is a good immunological marker, which is associated with the tumor progression, recurrent involvement and effectiveness of therapeutic programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The fine structure of the gill epithelium of a fresh-water flea, Daphnia magna (Crustacea: Phyllopoda) and changes associated with acclimation to various salinities. I. Normal fine structure.

Two kinds of epithelial cells, dark and light types, are alternately arranged in the gill of Daphnia magna. The dark cell has numerous mitochondria and an elaborate tubular system containing two kinds of cytoplasmic tubules, small about 70 nm in diameter, and large about 130 nm in diameter. The former occur in bundles and seem to be smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. The latter, lined with a ridged surface coat and frequently open at the lateral and basal cell membrane, are regarded as extensions of the cell membrane. The atypical cell membrane of the dark cell is modified by repeated subunits of a cytoplasmic coat on the inner leaflet of the unit membrane. The light cell exhibits a high degree of basal infoldings of the cell membrane, which represent a magnification of the surface area of the cell. Large mitochondria between the infoldings often come into intimate association with the infolded cell membrane to form a regular array of parallel mitochondria interposed with the double cell membranes. The results suggest that at least the dark epithelial cells play an important role in the osmoregulation of this animal.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Free amino acid changes in the cerebral cortex of experimental uremic rat.

The levels of free amino acids in the cerebral cortex of acute and chronic uremic rats were examined. Amino acids significantly elevated were aspartate, glutamine, glycine, histidine, ornithine, phenylalanine, phosphoethanolamine and taurine, whereas 1-methyl histidine and 3-methyl histidine were specifically detected in uremic rats. Glutamate, arginine and carnosine disclosed a significant reduction. There was no change in the concentrations of gamma-aminobutyrate and alanine. The above findings were essentially identical in both acute and chronic uremia. It was conjectured that these changes of amino acid levels in the brain might participate in the progress of uremic encephalopathy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Effects of gamma-irradiation on the rejection of transplanted scale melanophores in the teleost, Oryzias latipes.

The effects of gamma-irradiation on allograft rejection in the teleost, Oryzias latipes, were examined at 25 degrees C. The survival of melanophores in the transplanted scale was observed as an index of rejection. Allografts were rejected in non-irradiated fish within 7 days. In the gamma-irradiated recipients (2kR), the grafts were rejected more slowly, but still within 20 days. The gamma-ray effects, however, disappeared almost completely within 25 days after the irradiation. If the same recipient again received transplants, the secondary response occurred clearly and the melanophores were rejected very rapidly. The secondary response was suppressed by gamma-rays if the fish was irradiated just before the second transplantation. Immunologic memory against the first transplants disappeared within 30 days, a period shorter than that of mammals.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Purification and characterization of 3-oxoacyl-CoA synthase of Mycobacterium smegmatis.

3-Oxoacyl-CoA synthase, that condenses malonyl-CoA to other acyl-CoAs and takes part in the malonyl-CoA-dependent, acyl carrier protein (ACP)-non-requiring fatty acid elongation system ("fatty acid elongation system II or elongation system II" (Kikuchi, S. & Kusaka, T. (1982) J. Biochem. 92, 839-844)), was purified to homogeneity for the first time from the crude extract of Mycobacterium smegmatis by column-chromatographies. The molecular weight of this enzyme was estimated to be around 64,000 by Sephacryl S-300 gel filtration and 59,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The enzymic product from malonyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA was identified as 3-oxoeicosanoyl-CoA by mass-spectrometry. Km values of the enzyme for malonyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA were 41.7 microM and 52.6 microM, respectively. The enzyme was more active toward acyl-CoAs having acyl-carbon-numbers of 18 or more, either saturated or monounsaturated, than those with below 18. Cerulenin, a specific inhibitor of 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase [EC 2.3.1.41], had no effect on this enzyme but iodoacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) showed inhibitory effects.

3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase↗