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Biomedical subjects

S Kawaguchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Kawaguchi.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Isolation of Ureaplasma urealyticum from patients with chronic prostatitis].

Ureaplasma urealyticum has been considered to be a pathogen of nongonococcal urethritis. To elucidate the pathogenicity of this microorganism in chronic prostatitis, U. urealyticum was isolated from patients with chronic prostatitis and prostatodynia. Using the Taylor-Robinson's method, U. urealyticum was detected in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) or urine voided after prostatic massage (VB3) in 40 (41.2%) out of 97 patients with chronic prostatitis and 6 (20.0%) out of 30 patients with prostatodynia. Seventeen patients with U. urealyticum-positive chronic prostatitis, 13 of whom had failed to respond to the treatment by other antimicrobial agents, were treated with minocycline. In 16 (94.1%) of the 17 patients, U. urealyticum was eradicated and in 14 patients (82.4%), the elevated white blood cell count was markedly lowered in EPS or VB3. U. urealyticum may prove to be an etiological microorganism of chronic prostatitis.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1986

Postnatal development of afferent projections to the lateral suprasylvian visual area in the cat: an HRP study.

The postnatal development of thalamic and cortical projections to the medial bank of the lateral suprasylvian area was studied in the cat by using the retrograde and orthograde HRP methods. Both projections are already present at birth. In both newborn kittens and adult cats, the thalamic projections arise from the same nuclei. By far the heaviest thalamic projection originates from a relatively lateral portion of the lateral posterior nucleus (the presumed LPl). The cortical laminar distribution of the afferents arising from the presumed LPl changes markedly with aging. In kittens younger than 1 week, the terminals are distributed densely in layer I and sparsely in layer IV. With age, the terminals in layer I become less dense while those in layer IV become denser. By 1 month of age, the terminal distribution is similar to that found in adult cats, in which the terminals are sparse in layer I and dense in depth--particularly, in layer IV. The terminal distribution of the corticocortical projections from areas 17 and 18 also changes with aging. The terminals in kittens younger than 2 weeks are distributed in both superficial and deep cortical layers, whereas those in kittens older than 1 month and in an adult cat are distributed only in deep layers.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Mouse monoclonal antibodies against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes: reactivity with erythrocytes of various species of animals and idiotypes.

Spleen and peritoneal cells from unimmunized BALB/c mice were cultured in the presence of LPS for 24 hr and fused to produce hybridomas secreting antibodies against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes (BrMRBC). Three clones from spleen cells and eight clones from peritoneal cells were isolated and characterized further. All the monoclonal antibodies had IgMK isotype. Their reactivities against untreated and bromelain-treated erythrocytes from various species were assessed by hemolysis and indirect radioimmunoassay; all the clones had similar antigen specificities. On the isoelectric focussing patterns of light chains, they were separated into two groups, two and nine clones, and all the light chains in each group showed identical patterns. The two groups shared no common idiotope detectable by anti-idiotype antibodies prepared by immunization of rabbits with the monoclonal antibodies, but all the antibodies in each group shared common idiotopes. In each group, one antibody had a unique idiotope different from any other antibody, but eight antibodies in a group shared another identical idiotope. These findings suggest the restricted heterogeneity of anti-BrMRBC antibodies in the mouse.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Regeneration of the cerebellofugal projection after transection of the superior cerebellar peduncle in kittens: morphological and electrophysiological studies.

In contrast to the current concept of abortive regeneration of mammalian central axons, occurrence of marked, functionally active regeneration of the cerebellofugal projection was proved in kittens after complete transection of the decussation of the brachium conjunctivum (BCX). By means of the anterograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase that was injected into the cerebellar lateral and interpositus nuclei, the origin, course, and destination of the regenerated fibers were identified unambiguously and the time-course of axonal regeneration was clarified. Functional connectivity of the regenerated cerebellothalamic projection was tested electrophysiologically. In eight out 82 animals, marked regeneration of the cerebellofugal projection occurred; in the majority of the rest of the animals, trace amounts of regenerated fibers were observed. In the former but not in the latter animals, marked cerebellocerebral responses, as in intact animals, were evoked in the frontal motor and parietal association cortices. Most of the regenerated axons took a course similar to that of the normal projection and terminated in the normal projection areas, whereas a small proportion of fibers showed an aberrant course and termination. The cut ends of axons began to swell as early as 15 minutes after transection, and the regenerated axons produced dense terminals in the thalamus by 19 days.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Automatic analysis of serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes by high-performance ion-exchange chromatography.

The repetitive analysis of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes has been performed on a weak anion exchanger (TSKgel DEAE-5PW), which was developed by introducing diethylaminoethyl groups into TSKgel G5000PW (10 microns particle diameter)--a hydrophilic polymer-based material of large pore size--for high-performance gel chromatography. By use of this anion exchanger, a high-pH (greater than 8.0) solvent could be used and the albumin peak was completely separate from the LDH isoenzyme peaks. After 10 successive analyses with an autosampler, the coefficient of variation of the LDH isoenzyme elution times was less than or equal to 0.90%, and the coefficient of variation for peak areas was less than or equal to 3.85%. After 40 successive analyses, resolution between isoenzymes was generally greater than 1.25. This column can be used for more than 300 intermittent injections of human serum.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1986

Purification and characterization of cytotoxic factors in the venom of the Okinawa habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis).

Two cytotoxic factors in the venom of Okinawa habu (Trimeresurus flavoviridis), a crotalid, have been purified and characterized. They had cell monolayer-disrupting activity against cells cultivated in vitro, but no proteolytic, hemorrhagic or direct hemolytic activity nor lethal toxicity. They were heat labile acidic proteins (isoelectric points 5.2 and 5.4) having similar molecular weights (approx. 14,000) and amino acid compositions. They were indistinguishable immunologically.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Ontogenetic development of lipopolysaccharide-reactive B cells against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes in mouse lymphoid tissues.

In lymphoid tissues of mice, there exist LPS-reactive B cells which can differentiate to IgM-secreting plaque-forming cells (IgM-PFC) and PFC secreting antibodies against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes (BrMRBC) by LPS activation. In this study, four groups of LPS-reactive B cells in spleen, peritoneal cavity and mesenteric lymph nodes from 2- and 10-week-old mice were compared and enumerated as precursors of IgM-PFC and anti-BrMRBC PFC on days 1 and 2 after LPS activation in quantitative culture conditions. The induction of each of four PFC responses in peritoneal cells was sensitive to LPS and anti-mouse IgM antibodies as much as the induction of the respective PFC response in spleen cells. The ratios of four groups of PFC to each other were different among three tissues and between two ages. These findings support the view that the four groups of LPS-reactive B cells in each tissue are mostly in distinct subpopulations of B cells from each other, and the respective groups of different lymphoid tissues at different ages belong to the same subpopulation.

Aging↗
PubMed1986

Origin of short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials to median nerve stimulation in the cat. Comparison of the recording montages and effect of laminectomy.

Short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded from 23 cats with the frontal-neck, scalp-ear and scalp-noncephalic reference montages. In the frontal-neck recordings, four or five components (n9, n11, n13a, n13b and n14) were identified, whereas three components (p15, p18 and p20) were recorded in the scalp-ear leads. The noncephalic reference recordings had four to six components (p9, p10, p11, p13a, p13b and p14). The origin of these components was investigated by recording direct from the attributed generators and examining the effects of lesions. The suggested generators are as follows: n9, p9 and p10-peripheral nerve; n11, p11-dorsal column; n13a-segmental dorsal horn; p13a-spinocerebellar tract; n13b and p13b-cuneate nucleus and caudal part of the medial lemniscus; n14, p14 and p15-rostral part of the medial lemniscus; p18-thalamocortical radiation; p20-primary somatosensory cortex. Components with similar latencies such as n13a and p13a in the frontal-neck and noncephalic reference recordings had different generators. In the noncephalic reference recordings, the axially orientated dipoles, including the potential produced by the spinocerebellar tract (p13a) were clearly detectable, but the transversely orientated dipole of the segmental dorsal horn (n13a) was indistinct. The frontal-neck montage was distorted by the frontal 'reference' electrode active for part of the axially ascending volleys (p13a in some cats and p14), but could pick up the near-field potentials in the segmental dorsal horn (n13a). Desynchronized volleys in fibre tracts such as the spinothalamic tract did not contribute significantly to the potentials recorded from the skin, whereas the synaptic potential in the cuneate nucleus was shown to have a steep onset and open-field distribution with its dipole orientated in part axially, and was recorded in the noncephalic reference montage. The p9 and p11 positivities fused after laminectomy, suggesting that conductance change at the root entry to the bony spinal canal separates these components in the noncephalic reference recording.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1986

Effect of dipyridamole treatment on proteinuria in pediatric renal disease.

The effect of dipyridamole on proteinuria was studied in 60 children with various renal diseases. A significant decrease in 24-hour urine protein excretion was observed within a few months after treatment in 32 (53%) of the patients with minimal or moderate mesangial proliferation. The effect was reproducible and parallelled by a reduction in plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin. Renal function in patients significantly improved with the therapeutical effect. The appropriate dosage was 4-10 mg/kg daily and no serious toxicity was seen despite large dosage and even in long-term application. The data suggest that dipyridamole treatment appears safe and has a beneficial effect on proteinuria dependent on its effect on platelets in renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Transcatheter arterial embolization for spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma.

For the last 6 yr, we had 47 cases of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma causing hemorrhage into the peritoneal cavity. Thirty-three cases were treated by supportive care and 14 cases by emergency transcatheter arterial embolization. Fourteen cases underwent emergency transcatheter arterial embolization and abdominal pain developed in 71.4%, shock in 50.0% and bloody ascites in all cases and the hematocrit of bloody ascites ranged between 1.0% and 40%. On hepatic angiogram, the mean tumor extent rate was 47.9% and the extravasation of the contrast material was noted in 35.7%. The mean survival time of 14 cases that underwent emergency transcatheter arterial embolization was 98.5 days and 13.0 days in 33 cases with supportive care. The former was significantly longer than the latter.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cerebellocerebral projection from the fastigial nucleus onto the frontal cortex in the cat.

Two frontal cortical areas hidden in sulci were found to be responsive to stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus under pentobarbital anesthesia: one is the ventral bank of the cruciate sulcus and the other is the area surrounding the fundus of the presylvian sulcus which corresponds to subregions of the frontal eye field. The fastigial projection onto these areas via the thalamic ventromedial (VM) nucleus was identified electrophysiologically and morphologically.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Ontogenical studies on kinetics of lipopolysaccharide-induced response to bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes in mouse spleen cells. II. Response of spleen cells with or without Fc receptors, C3 receptors, or Ia antigens.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced plaque-forming cells secreting IgM (IgM-PFC) and antibodies against bromelain-treated mouse erythrocytes (anti-BrMRBC PFC) on Days 1 and 2 of cultures were quantitatively estimated in spleen cells from mice of various ages. The concentrations of the four groups of PFC changed independently with age. The LPS dose dependency of the PFC response was markedly different between PFC on Days 1 and 2, but not different between anti-BrMRBC PFC and IgM-PFC or between 2- and 10-week-old mice. In a second experiment, spleen cells from 2- and 10-week-old mice were separated into subpopulations with or without Fc receptors, C3 receptors, or Ia antigens, and the LPS-induced PFC responses were quantitatively assessed in each subpopulation. Both the receptor-bearing and -lacking populations included LPS-reactive B cells, and the percentages of the LPS-reactive B cells recovered in the receptor-bearing population increased with age. However, the percentages of anti-BrMRBC PFC recovered in each receptor-bearing or -lacking population were different from those of IgM-PFC. In Ia- populations, the percentages of IgM-PFC on Day 2 were obviously higher than those on Day 1, and both of the percentages increased with age. These results suggest that the four groups of LPS-reactive B cells can be discriminated from each other by their LPS dose dependency and their cell surface markers, and that they develop differently during ontogeny.

Age Factors↗