TLC separation of glucose, maltose, lactose, sorbitol and sucrose on silica gel plates impregnated with transition metal ions, Cu(II), NI(II), Zn(II) or Cd(II), has been achieved. The identification is very distinct by using KMnO4 (0.5%) in 0.1 M NaOH as the spray reagent. Two new solvent systems, (A) n-PrOH-H2O) (8:4, v/v), and (B) i-PrOH-H2O (8:4, v/v), were worked out.

Cadmium↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Inhibition of target cell adhesion by monoclonal antibody to the 66 kD surface antigen of Entamoeba histolytica.

The adherence of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites to target cells was studied using a monoclonal antibody to a major surface antigen of 66 kD. Preincubation of trophozoites with monoclonal antibody decreased their ability to adhere to and engulf erythrocytes and to destroy Chinese hamster ovary cells. The monoclonal antibody was specific for the 66 kD antigen, which is possibly a major participant in the adhesion that precedes phagocytosis and cytopathic effects.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fanconi anemia.

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Child↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Feeding practices among children of different castes in rural Ludhiana.

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Breast Feeding↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Microbial contamination of weaning foods.

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence rate of Escherichia coli in different foods being fed to children in the weaning age group. The samples were collected from middle income group (MIG) and high income group (HIG) houses in different localities in Chandigarh. A total of 530 MIG and 525 HIG houses were selected on the basis of availability of children in the weaning age group. A total of 2,016 samples of weaning foods were collected. Isolation of Escherichia coli from MIG and HIG houses was 66.75% and 8.5% respectively. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli were detected in 61.47% and 43.5% of the total Escherichia coli isolates from MIG and HIG houses respectively. 'O' serogrouping of the isolates was done and the predominant serotypes found were 06, 0106, 043, 057, 01. The laboratory studies showed that almost all weaning food samples prepared in the laboratory supported the growth of known enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Delta-hepatitis.

Investigations were conducted for serological evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV) infections in children suffering from acute viral hepatitis. A total of 52 serum samples were analysed by enzyme immunoassay. Of these, 18 (24%) were positive for hepatitis B virus markers and 34 (65.4%) were negative. Delta virus infection was detected in 6/18 (33%) hepatitis B patients. A significant finding was, that of the 34 patients negative for hepatitis B, 4 (12%) were positive only for HDV although the latter can only occur as a coexistent infection with hepatitis B virus. From the present study it may be inferred that delta virus infection is prevalent in children and absence of HBV markers does not rule out hepatitis D.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Entamoeba histolytica: identification of a major surface antigen in liver abscess pus using a monoclonal antibody.

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Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a 200-kDa amastigote-specific antigen of L. donovani by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis.

A purified 200-kDa antigenic fraction from Leishmania donovani axenic amastigotes was evaluated by ELISA for the detection of antibody response in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients, post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients and controls, for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. A positive antibody response to the 200-kDa amastigote fraction and to Leishmania amastigote soluble antigen (LASA) was found in 29 (96.6%) and 30 ((100%) confirmed VL patients, respectively, by the use of ELISA. However, only 1 (10%) out of 10 PKDL patients had detectable antibody response to 200-kDa fraction while all the 10 (100%) PKDL patients exhibited an immune response to LASA. Therefore, use of the 200-kDa antigenic fraction for the detection of antibody response in an ELISA follow-up (post treatment) of VL patients may have prognostic significance, and it may also be useful for differentiating active VL and PKDL.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative susceptibility of different members of the Anopheles culicifacies complex to Plasmodium vivax.

Three colonized species of the Anopheles culicifacies complex (species A, B and C) were compared with Anopheles stephensi (control) for susceptibility to Plasmodium vivax. In feeding experiments involving over 400 paired comparisons, the mean number of oocysts, oocyst rate and sporozoite rate were found to be significantly different. Of the test groups, species A had the highest percentage of mosquitoes with oocysts (> 60%) and sporozoites (> 50%). An. culicifacies species B were least susceptible, less than 5% had oocysts and less than 2% had sporozoites in the salivary glands. The results are discussed in the light of the vectorial potential of the members of the An. culicifacies complex observed in field studies.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Bis(hydroxyphenylethyl)deoxyguanosine adducts identified by [32P]-postlabeling and four-sector tandem mass spectrometry: unanticipated adducts formed upon treatment of DNA with styrene 7,8-oxide.

Calf thymus DNA was incubated with [8-14C]styrene oxide in vitro, and six covalent xenobiotic-DNA adducts were detected using the [32P]-postlabeling procedure. Adducts 1-3 were purified by HPLC and identified as bis-substituted-2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-phosphate derivatives using four-sector tandem mass spectrometry. These adducts represented less than 2% of the total adducts detected by [14C]-radioactivity. Adducts 1-3 were also detected when styrene oxide was allowed to react with the mononucleotide, 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-phosphate only. The elemental compositions of these adducts (C26H30N5O9P) were determined by measurement of their accurate masses by high-resolution mass spectrometry and revealed the unusual incorporation of 2 mol of hydroxyphenylethyl moieties. The structures of these bis(phenylethyl) adducts were established by interpretation of high-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra, together with UV/visible and fluorescence spectrophotometry as N2-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-O6-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxygua nos ine 3'-phosphate (adduct 1), N2-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-O6-(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxygua nos ine 3'-phosphate (adduct 2), and N1,N2-bis(2-hydroxy-1-phenylethyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-phosphate (adduct 3). The other most abundant adducts were detected only by [14C]-radioactivity and represented approximately 65% of the total covalent binding. These were identified as depurinated N7-substituted guanines by tandem mass spectrometry and UV/visible spectroscopy. The combination of advanced techniques of mass spectrometry with the [32P]-postlabeling assay and spectroscopic techniques is a comprehensive strategy to assure complete structural identification of all xenobiotic-DNA adducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗