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Biomedical subjects

S Kaur

Publications and source records attributed to S Kaur.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy: results of treatment by antithyroid drugs combined with T4.

Treatment of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy with antithyroid drugs plus supplementary T4 is controversial. Data are presented on twenty consecutive pregnancies treated by this method. The mean birth weights of the babies and their gestation did not differ from those of normal controls. Cord blood mean T4 and free T4 index (FT4I) were not significantly different from controls and total T3 and free T3 index (FT3I), though significantly lower than the controls, were all within the normal range. In five babies in whom they were measured, FT3, FT4 and rT3 levels were not significantly different from controls. Cord TSH was significantly higher in the babies of thyrotoxic mothers than in the control babies. One baby had a goitre at birth which disappeared after a few days. Another baby, born euthyroid, developed neonatal thyrotoxicosis the day after birth. Data collected from the literature on this method of treatment are compared with similar data from women treated with antithyroid drugs alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Renal lesions in leprosy amongst north Indian patients.

Sixty consecutive patients with leprosy were investigated for renal involvement. Clinically overt renal disease was present in 4 patients; 3 presented with a nephrotic state and one patient with progressive renal failure. Urinalysis showed daily protein loss ranging from 0.4 to 8.9 g in 8 patients and microscopic haematuria in 4 cases. Elevated levels of blood urea and creatinine were seen only in one patient with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis. Of the 36 patients in whom distal tubular functions were evaluated, concentration and/or acidification defects were detected in 9 patients (25%). Renal histology revealed no abnormality in any of these patients. Serum C3 levels were decreased in 5 patients with lepromatous leprosy and 3 patients with borderline leprosy. Histological evidence of renal involvement was detected in 9 patients (15%). Amyloid deposits were seen in 3 (5%) patients of whom 2 had lepromatous leprosy and one had tuberculoid leprosy with chronic trophic ulcers. Mesangial proliferative lesions were seen in 5 (8.3%) and diffuse proliferative lesions (with crescents in more than 70% of glomeruli) in one patient. All of them had lepromatous leprosy. Three of the 5 patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis had erythema nodosum leprosum at the time of biopsy. Immunofluorescence studies revealed granular deposits of IgA, IgM and C3 in one patient with mesangial proliferation and IgA/IgM with or without C3 in 3 more patients in whom renal histology was normal. Glomerulonephritis associated with leprosy appears to be immune mediated but confirmation requires identification of lepra antigen in the glomerular immune complex deposits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Studies of enterotoxin of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. I. Effect of aeration on the production of enterotoxin and suitability of laboratory animals for its biological assay.

Shigella dysenteriae type 1 was used to study the influence of aeration on enterotoxin production and the suitability of laboratory animals for the toxin assay. The enterotoxin produced under aerobic shake culture conditions gave a gut dilatory response of 1.436 but that obtained in aerobic and anaerobic stationary cultures exerted no activity. The toxin fractionated on Sephadex G-150 column was more effective than that obtained by ammonium sulphate precipitation. Only Sephadex column fraction II had a toxic activity. Among the three laboratory animal models tested, the rabbit ileal loop was suitable for the assay of toxin. The skin permeability test was unsatisfactory for enterotoxicity assay.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1983

Lymphocyte subpopulations in mice infected with Mycobacterium leprae.

T and B cells were quantitated from the spleen of M. leprae infected mice and correlated with bacillary count in the foot pad. Lymphocyte transformation with PHA and M. leprae (armadillo) antigens was also studied during different months of infection. T cell counts dropped gradually but significantly throughout the course of infection. B cells had a concomitant rise up to 6 months and then registered a fall as compared to the initial control figures. Transformation of lymphocytes with PHA fell significantly after 4th month til the end of the experiment, whereas stimulation index for armadillo antigen rose gradually from 3rd month onwards to reach a peak at 6th month and then fell till the end of the experiment with increasing bacterial population whereas B-cell counts showed little change.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of dapsone (DDS) on T-cells and their response to PHA and lepromin in tuberculoid leprosy patients.

T and B cell counts and their response to PHA and lepromin were studied in 46 patients of polar tuberculoid leprosy (TT), divided into two age and sex matched groups. Twenty five normal healthy controls were similarly investigated. While one group consisted of 26 untreated TT patients, the other included 20 individuals who had taken dapsone, 50 mg daily, for 12 to 14 months. There was significant decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes and their response to PHA and lepromin was lower in the treated, as compared to the untreated patients and normal persons. No significant change was found in the number of B-lymphocytes in any of the groups.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

Stimulation of drug and carcinogen metabolism by prolonged oral tobacco consumption.

Oral administration of tobacco to rats for 21 days caused remarkable stimulation of the metabolism of phenacetin, aniline and benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogen, by hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidases (MFO). Such treatment for 6 days resulted in a small increase in the activities of phenacetin O-dealkylase and aromatic hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) without affecting aniline hydroxylase activity. Nicotine given orally was found to be a relatively weak inducer of phenacetin O-dealkylase and aniline hydroxylase, and elicited a maximum increase in their activities within 6 days which remained unchanged even after 21 days of continuous administration. However, these two enzyme systems were not affected following only one or two doses of tobacco and nicotine. Both tobacco and nicotine inhibited these biotransformations in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Lipid composition and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.

The total lipids increased with decrease in total phospholipids in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv grown at 30 degrees as compared to 37 degrees. Oleic and elaidic acid supplemented to the growth medium resulted in a higher total lipid and phospholipid content, but the content was lower in cells grown in the presence of palmitoleic acid. Cellular content of mannophosphoinositides decreased, whereas that of phosphatidylethanolamine and cardiolipin increased at the lower temperature. A decrease in mannophosphoinositides and an increase in cardiolipin were noted with all fatty acid supplements; however, phosphatidylethanolamine behaved differently. The unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio increased at low temperature with oleic and elaidic acid supplements, but it decreased with palmitoleic acid. Cells from media supplemented with palmitoleic acid were found to be most virulent to guinea-pigs. Possible correlation of altered lipid composition and virulence of M. tuberculosis H37Rv has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of anti-inflammatory thiosemicarbazone indoles on hyaluronidase, acid phosphatase and trypsin.

The present study was designed to evaluate the molecular basis of anti-inflammatory effects of nine 2-aryl-3-[4-(substituted phenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone] indoles and their interaction with lysosomal and proteolytic enzymes. All compounds exhibited anti-inflammatory activity, which was reflected by 5-67% reduction in carrageenin-induced oedema in rat. Substituted thiosemicarbazone indoles caused concentration-dependent inhibition of hyaluronidase activity in vitro while the activities of acid phosphatase and trypsin were unaltered. Substitution of the aryl group attached to indole moiety resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in hyaluronidase inhibition by these compounds. Preincubation of the compounds with hyaluronidase produced time-dependent inactivation of the enzyme. Determination of enzyme inhibition kinetics with 2-aryl-3-[4-(2-methylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone] indole by Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots indicated competitive nature of hyaluronidase-compound interaction. These studies failed to demonstrate any definite relationship between anti-inflammatory activity and hyaluronidase inhibition.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1982

Membrane stabilization and inhibition of lipid peroxidation by anti-inflammatory indoles.

Nine 2-aryl-3-[4-(substituted phenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazone] indoles were evaluated for their ability to protect the human erythrocyte membrane against hypo-osmotic hemolysis and inhibit lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate in vitro. All compounds caused membrane stabilization and inhibition of lipid peroxidation when tested at final concentrations of 5 X 10(-4) and 2.5 X 10(-5) mol/l, respectively. These biochemical effects were not related to the anti-inflammatory property exhibited by the compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Viability of M. leprae under normal and adverse atmospheric conditions.

Harvested bacilli from fresh lepromas were subjected to drying at room temperature for varying periods, were exposed to direct sun-rays, UVR, and were then injected into the foot pads of thymectomised irradiated mice for checking the viability. The organisms could survive UVR for 30 minutes, direct sunlight for 2 hours and room temperature for 7 days. Details are presented.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

In vivo and in vitro drug metabolism in patients with leprosy.

Plasma antipyrine and chloramphenicol clearance was studied in 23 patients of leprosy and 12 control subjects. Drug metabolising enzymes (aminopyrine N-demethylase and bilirubin UDP-glucuronyl transferase) were estimated in liver biopsy samples of twelve patients and ten controls. A significant decrease in drug clearance and drug metabolising enzymes was observed. However, no significant correlation could be obtained between drug half lives and drug metabolising enzymes or with any of the liver function tests in these patients. The findings indicate that drug metabolism is impaired in leprosy patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Induction of hepatic UDP-glucuronyltransferase by oral methaqualone consumption.

Repeated oral administration of methaqualone (100 mg/kg/day) to rats for 6 consecutive days evoked approximately two and a half fold increase in p-nitrophenol glucuronidation by hepatic microsomes. Interestingly, the magnitude of UDP-glucuronyltransferase stimulation by methaqualone, when assessed in crude liver homogenate, was comparable to that obtained with isolated microsomes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Clinico-pathological study of testicular involvement in leprosy.

Twenty five patients of lepromatous leprosy were studied clinically and histopathologically for testicular involvement. Testicular pain or swelling was the commonest complaint (68%) followed by sterility (28%) and impotence (4%). Reduced testicular size associated with soft feel was observed in 76% patients. Gynaecomastia was present in 36% and altered sexual hair pattern in 24%. Eleven out of sixteen (69%) patients had oligo/azoospermia. Out of the twenty testicular biopsies 15 (75%) had definite histological evidence of leprous pathology, irrespective of testicular size, semen picture and clinical signs and symptoms. One out of three epididymal biopsies showed minimal changes. Histopathological changes varied markedly, it was not possible to categorize these into vascular, interstitial and obliterative phases.

Adolescent↗