Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Kato.
The CT findings of the lung fibrosis in 5 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) were analyzed. The main findings were high density with decrease of lung volume, air-bronchography in the high density area with decrease of lung volume, and ring shadows in various sizes in the periphery of the lung. The marked decrease of lung volume was a characteristic finding related to alveolar collapse by fibrosis.
We studied the accumulated portion and the movement of I-123 IMP in the lung. Ten subjects were studied. They were four patients with fibrosing lung disease, two with lung cancer, and four with other lung disease. They underwent the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) for the diagnosis of their disease. 1.5 mCi of I-123 IMP was injected into the ante-cubital vein. The BAL examination was carried out about 40 minutes after the injection of I-123 IMP. The subjects' blood was sampled at the same time. The total BAL liquid (BAL-T) was divided into the fluid component (BAL-F) and the cell component (BAL-C) by centrifugation. The radioactivities in BAL-T, BAL-F, BAL-C, and serum (B-S) were measured by the well-counter. The average of BAL-T/B-S, BAL-F/B-S and BAL-C/B-S were 6.86, 4.26 and 2.71 respectively. It was confirmed that I-123 IMP was transported from the pulmonary capillary to the alveolar space and was taken up by the alveolar cells. It was considered that the analysis of the I-123 IMP release from the lung showed not only the endothelial cell uptake function but also the interstitial and material cells' amine transport and uptake function.
CT findings in 37 cases with pathological diagnosis of uterine adenomyosis were reviewed retrospectively. The attenuation coefficient of adenomyosis is almost same as normal parenchyma on both plain and enhanced CT. The margin was obscure except for one case. In focal type, deviation of the endometrium and deformity of the uterus may be a clue to the detection of adenomyosis. But differential diagnosis of adenomyosis from leiomyoma with ill-defined margin was very difficult. In diffuse type, the uterine body is swollen without deviation of the endometrium. This type can be diagnosed if the endometrium identified clearly.
The influence of aging on the blood-aqueous barrier function was assessed by measuring aqueous flare intensity in 203 normal eyes of healthy human subjects aged 20 to 79 years, using the recently developed laser flare-cell meter. The flare intensity correlated well with age (r = 0.502, Spearman r = 0.503, P = 0.00), and the intensity values in the subjects with their ages in the 6th, 7th and 8th decade were significantly higher than the values in the subjects in their 3rd decade (P less than 0.01).
An attempt was made to evaluate the influence of aging on aqueous flare intensity by measuring 203 normal human eyes. Subjects were divided into six age groups from twenty years to seventy nine years old, and the values for aqueous flare intensity were then determined by a flare-cell meter. Flare values were higher in the older age groups and correlated well with age (linear correlation coefficient r = 0.506, Spearman r = 0.510, p = 0.000). Subjects in their fifties, sixties and seventies showed statistically significant differences to those in their twenties (p less than 0.01). A preliminary in vitro experiment was performed to convert the flare-cell meter reading (photon count/msec) into bovine albumin concentration (mg/dl), which is necessary to compare measurements of different flare-cell meters. The three flare-cell meters employed in this study all showed good linear relationships between photon count and albumin concentration (r = 0.99-1.00), giving converting equations of Y = -0.72 + 0.969 X, Y = -0.68 + 0.958 X, Y = -0.84 + 1.017 X less than Y = log (photon count), X = log (albumin concentration) greater than, respectively. In this report, flare values are expressed in albumin concentrations for each age group, which will then serve as control values in future studies.
An improved enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of heterophile Hanganutziu-Deicher (HD) antibodies and antigens, which are frequently detected in sera and/or cancerous tissues from patients with various cancers was developed using biotinylated chicken anti-GM3(NeuGc) antibody and avidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate. The N-glycolylneuraminyllactosyl-ceramide, GM3(NeuGc) ganglioside was purified from horse erythrocyte membranes. The ELISA procedure required 300 ng GM3(NeuGc) antigen to coat plastic microtiter plates and 190 ng biotinylated antibody per well to give optimum product formation. The technique could detect 6 ng antigen in tissue homogenate as compared to 0.6 ng of the pure compound by inhibition. Chicken anti-GM3(NeuGc) antibody quantitatively inhibited the biotinylated antibody, however, this procedure was not suitable to quantify lower affinity HD antibody in patient sera. Immunostaining specific for HD antigen-positive cells, in tissue sections was by 4 micrograms/ml biotinylated antibody and 200 dilution of Avidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex reagent using pig intestine and lymph node as positive tissues and chicken intestine and lung as negative tissues.
We describe a case of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) with vertebral bone invasion, who developed acute paraplegia and responded well to irradiation and combined chemotherapy. A 36-year-old man born in Tsushima Island was admitted to our hospital in May 1987, because of a sudden onset of paraplegia, hypesthesia below the level of 7th thoracic vertebra and vesicorectal disturbance. The white blood cell count was 9,500/microliter with 16% of abnormal lymphocytes showing lobulated nuclei. The surface marker analysis revealed that CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD25 positive cells were 88.1, 83.9, 6.4 and 1.3% of the peripheral mononuclear cells, respectively. Anti-ATLA antibody was positive. Serum calcium level was elevated. Bone scintigraphy showed multiple vertebral bone lesions. Vertebral bone mass and a compressed spinal cord in the 7th thoracic level were confirmed by CT scanning and MR imaging. Cerebral spinal fluid was negative for tumor cells. A diagnosis of ATL was made. Irradiation and combination chemotherapy improved bone lesions and neurological signs and the disease was well controlled by maintenance chemotherapy up to the present (August, 1988).
In order to identify and classify the basic CT appearances of interstitial pneumonia, radiologic -pathologic correlative study was performed using inflated and fixed lungs from autopsy and surgery. The patterns of the abnormalities on the CT images of interstitial pneumonia were classified into 7 categories. Important pathological changes which affected the CT images were alveolar collapse and airway dilatation. Based on the result of above study, we analyzed CT of 22 patients with IIP. The lesions which were classified into a hazy density, micronodular densities, confluence of various sized ring like shadows and subpleural bullous changes were frequently recognized together mostly in the periphery of the lung.
The influence of a commonly used short-acting mydriatic agent, tropicamide-phenylephrine, on aqueous flare intensity and cell number was studied both in postsurgical cases and normal subjects. Measurements with a laser flare-cell meter were carried out in 40 patients who had undergone planned extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. On the second postoperative day, 20 patients received one drop of a combined solution of 0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine, and the remaining patients received no mydriatic agents. Flare-cell meter measurements in the non-mydriasis group were rather difficult, and measurements in 12 out of 20 (60%) cases were discontinued. In the mydriasis group, flare intensity became significantly lower 2 hours after the application (P less than 0.01) and continued to decrease throughout the rest of the measurement period. The cell counts tended to decrease throughout the period after mydriasis and showed significantly lower values compared to the initial value (P less than 0.01). It was considered that measurements with this instrument in postoperative cases are best performed between 30 minutes to 1 hour after the application of the short-acting mydriatic agents. In normal human eyes, the effects of 0.5% phenylephrine-0.5% tropicamide, 0.4% tropicamide, and 5% phenylephrine on aqueous flare and cells were tested separately. Aqueous flare intensity was significantly decreased by tropicamide-phenylephrine at 1, 1.5 and 2 hours (P less than 0.05), by tropicamide at 1 and 1.5 hours (P less than 0.01), and by phenylephrine at 3 hours (P less than 0.01) after the application, respectively. Values returned to normal following these transient decreases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rare entity. To our knowledge, 86 cases have been reported, and there are 7 operative treatment. The patient was 56 year-old male with a history of the previous myocardial infarction. A selective coronary angiography demonstrated marked dilatation of both coronary arteries. The thin radiolucent lines were shown within the LAD and first diagonal branch as a result of partial separation of the intima. A very large left ventricular myocardial aneurysm was also demonstrated within anteroapical walls, he underwent open heart surgery with left ventricular myocardial aneurysmectomy and aorto-first diagonal branch saphenous vein graft. This present case is the second report which describe a successful surgical treatment for the spontaneous coronary artery dissection with left ventricular aneurysm.
The influence of mydriasis on aqueous flare intensity and cell number was investigated in normal human eyes. A mixture of 0.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide (Mydrin P) was topically instilled in 173 eyes of normal subjects ranging from 20 to 79 years old, and measurements with a laser flare-cell meter were carried out before and 1 hour after the application. For statistical analysis, subjects were divided into groups based on ten-year age intervals ranging from 20-29 years to 70-79 years. Aqueous flare intensity was significantly decreased by mydriasis in all age groups. Prior to drug application, aqueous cells were observed in none of the cases, while after mydriasis, apparent aqueous floaters appeared in 9.2% of the cases, all of whom were over 40 years of age. Appearance of aqueous floaters following mydriasis was not accompanied by an increase in aqueous flare intensity. Time course of changes in aqueous flare intensity after topical instillation of 5% phenylephrine and 0.4% tropicamide were investigated separately. Tropicamide decreased aqueous flare intensity in normal young human subjects, and values at 1 and 1.5 hours post-application differed significantly from those of the contralateral control eyes. The instillation of phenylephrine in normal young subjects resulted in a significant decrease of aqueous flare at 3 hours post-application. Observed decreases in aqueous flare intensity by a commonly used mydriatic agent, a combined solution of phenylephrine and tropicamide, was considered to be the result of the pharmacological effects of tropicamide.
A statistical study was performed on new outpatients. The total number of new outpatients in 1988 was 8,389 (male: 5,284, female: 3,105) and the male to female ratio was 1.70:1. They had urogenital diseases definitely diagnosed (7,486), urogenital diseases indefinitely diagnosed (576), no diseases (260), and diseases other than urogenital (67). Thirty-five percent of the outpatients were referred to us by other sources. The number of operations on new outpatients was 139, circumcision, vasectomy and resection of condyloma were representative. The peak of the age distribution was in the thirties for males and in the fifties for females. A statistical study was made on new outpatients according to the international classification of disease. There were 146 malignant (urogenital) tumors (1.8%). The major diseases of the new outpatients were cystitis (acute or chronic: 20.7%), upper urinary tract stone (18.5%), prostatitis (13.0%), and benign prostatic hypertrophy (11.2%). In males the major diseases were prostatitis, upper urinary tract stone, benign prostatic hypertrophy, balanoposthitis, phimosis and in females they were cystitis, upper urinary tract stone, pyelonephritis, renoptosis, and neurogenic bladder. We conclude that our hospital plays a major role as a private urological hospital.
The localization of cells immunoreactive to a monoclonal antibody against protein kinase C (PKC) and to polyclonal antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was investigated in the retina of fish (carp, goldfish, dace and catfish), frog, turtle, chick and some mammalians (guinea pig, rat, cat and rabbit) by means of fluorescence microscopy. PKC-like immunoreactivity was found in dopamine (DA) or TH-like immunoreactive (IR) cells in all the species examined and also in rod bipolar cells in the fish (except for catfish), and in presumed rod bipolar cells in the other animals (except for frog and turtle). In the catfish, frog and turtle retinas, no PKC-like IR bipolar cells were found. In the rat retina, some other amacrine cells in addition to TH-like IR amacrine cells were reactive to the anti-PKC antibody. It is of interest that PKC-like immunoreactivity is commonly found in DA cells and probably in rod bipolar cells in most animal species, although the functional significance is unknown at present.
Sensitive staining methods with wheat germ agglutinin were developed for the detection of glycosphingolipids of neolacto series (A) and gangliosides with a terminal N-acetylneuraminyl residue (B) on thin-layer chromatograms. (A) Neolacto series glycosphingolipids were treated by beta-galactosidase on the chromatograms in the presence of taurodeoxycholate. Then the chromatograms were incubated with biotinated wheat germ agglutinin followed by incubation with a complex of avidin and biotinated horseradish peroxidase, and the reaction was detected by 4-chloro-1-naphthol. In the case of gangliosides, sialidase treatment on the chromatograms was performed before the beta-galactosidase treatment. The sensitivity of the method for Lc3Cer, nLc4Cer, sialyl-nLc4Cer, and sialyl-nLc6Cer was 4 pmol, 7.6 pmol, 2.9 pmol and 1.4 pmol, respectively. (B) The gangliosides on the chromatograms were oxidized by periodic acid and reduced by NaBH4. Then the chromatograms were stained with wheat germ agglutinin as mentioned above. As little as 0.5 pmol of GM3, NeuAc-nLc4Cer, and NeuAc-nLc6Cer was detected by this method, whereas the detected limits for these gangliosides were 10 pmol, 10 pmol and 2 pmol, respectively, when periodate oxidation was omitted. GM4, GD3 and GD1a were an order less reactive than GM3, GM2, GM1 or GD1b were not stained under the same condition. In contrast to NeuAc-containing gangliosides, any gangliosides with N-glycolylneuraminic acid were not stained by the method in (B).
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[3H]Mannose-labelled glycopeptides in the slices of livers from neonatal and 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-week-old rats were characterized by column chromatographies on Sephadex G-50 and concanavalin A-Sepharose and by endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H digestion. The proportion of complex-type glycopeptides was increased with time until 2 weeks post partum and then returned to the neonatal level. This was mainly due to the increased proportion of concanavalin A-bound (biantennary) species. These changes were accompanied by consistent changes in the activities of processing enzymes in liver microsomal fraction, especially of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I. Complex-type glycopeptides from neonatal and 2- and 5-week-old rat livers were further characterized by column chromatographies on Bio-Gel P-6 and DE 52 DEAE-cellulose in combination with neuraminidase digestion. No significant difference was found between concanavalin A-bound species from neonatal liver and those from liver 5 weeks post partum, most of which were sialylated. Concanavalin A-bound species 2 weeks post partum were comparatively smaller in size and less sialylated. On the other hand, there was no significant difference among concanavalin A-unbound species from the three different sources, most of which were sialylated. Since glycoproteins from regenerating rat liver also contain a higher proportion of complex-type oligosaccharides, as previously reported, such changes in N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins may be related to control of the growth of liver cells.
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