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Biomedical subjects

S Katagiri

Publications and source records attributed to S Katagiri.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Detection of Bacillus cereus flagellar antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

A serological typing scheme of Bacillus cereus has been developed by immunochemical analyses of flagellar antigen using an agglutination method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the classification of flagellar serotype of Bacillus cereus had greater sensitivity. 10-500 times, than that of agglutination method. The specificity of flagellar antigen and antibody was determined by immunogold electron microscopy and ELISA inhibition assay. Application of ELISA is useful for the detection of the small amounts and many kinds of antigen-antibody reactions.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1991

Existence of exine-free airborne allergen particles of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen.

We investigated whether exine-free pollen allergen particles exist together with the intact pollen grains of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in the air during the pollen season in Yamagata City. First, we separated the allergen particles in an Andersen multi-stage air-sampler according to their aerodynamic diameters. The amount of major allergen (Cry j I) on each stage of the sampler was determined by a sensitive fluorometric sandwich ELISA, and the pollen count of the same samples was done by light microscopy after Carberla staining. Cry j I was found in stages 1 to 6, whereas most of intact and ruptured pollen grains were microscopically observed only in stages 1 and 2. Second, we suctioned the air through a tandem membrane filter system (the first filter, Nuclepore filter with 5 microns-pores; and the second, Millipore filter with 0.3 micron-pores). None of the pollen grains was detectable on the 0.3 micron-pore filter with light microscopy. However, Cry j I was detectable in the aqueous extract from the second filter. From these results, we concluded that pollen-free Cry j I existed in the air of Yamagata City during the pollen season.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1991

Immunologic and immunohistochemical studies on chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis with or without thyroid lymphoma.

The local immunologic phenomena in the thyroid gland of 16 patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLTH) were investigated; 5 of these cases were associated with thyroid non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). All patients were admitted because of struma, growing slowly in patients with CLTH alone and rapidly in those with associated thyroid NHL. CLTH was confirmed by histologic findings, including the presence of lymphoid follicles or thyroid autoantibodies in the serum in all 16 patients. Immunologic study revealed that all thyroid NHL were of the B cell type. Surface maker study of suspended cells showed that the percentages of E-rosette-forming cells in patient with CLTH and thyroid NHL (38.0 +/- 10.0%) and in patients with CLTH alone (45.0 +/- 11.9%) were between those of B cell NHL of lymph node and B cell hyperplasia reported by others. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the reactive nature of lymphoid follicles. Subset distribution of T and B lymphocytes in patients with CLTH and thyroid NHL markedly contrasted with that in patients with CLTH alone: an increased ration of CD8+ cells (suppressor/cytotoxic cell) to CD4+ cells (helper/inducer cell). There was a marked increase in the number of immunosuppressive acidic-protein(IAP)-containing macrophages in the thyroid lesion and serum IAP level in patients with thyroid NHL. These findings provide evidence of a difference in the local immunologic conditions in CLTH alone compared to CLTH complicated by thyroid NHL.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Antigenic analysis of recent H1N1 influenza viruses with monoclonal antibodies.

Antigenic analysis of recently isolated H1 influenza viruses was performed using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay with monoclonal antibodies to the haemagglutinin (HA) subunit. Tests using monoclonal antibodies against the HA of the A/England/333/80 (H1N1) and A/Yamagata/120/86 (H1N1) viruses revealed that the major antigenic drift occurred in 1985 or 1986 and A/Dunedin/6/83-like virus became a major strain after 1986.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

PMSG profiles in superovulated and anti-PMSG antiserum treated mice and heifers with enzymeimmunoassay.

A sandwich enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) for pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) using a microtiter plate was developed. Sensitivity of the assay to PMSG was 15.6 mIU/ml (0.2 ng/well). The PMSG levels in serum were measured with the EIA in superovulated and anti-PMSG rabbit antiserum treated mice and heifers. In mice, the PMSG blood level was measurable in the serum 4-6 days after intraperitoneal injection of 5-30 IU of PMSG. The administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the same dose level as PMSG caused a rapid decrease in the PMSG blood level, declining to undetectable levels within 17 hours. In heifers, the PMSG level was measurable at 10-11 days after the injection of 2500 or 3000 IU of PMSG. When antiserum was injected 48 hours after the PMSG injection, the clearance rate of PMSG was affected by the route of the administration. The administration of 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum intravenously caused a rapid decline and the disappearance of circulating PMSG within 17 hours. When 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum was injected intra-muscularly, the PMSG blood level also decreased and became unmeasurable 24 hours after administration; however, it was still detectable for up to 17 hours. These results indicate that the administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the proper timing and dosage could lead to successful superovulation through the improvement of hormonal conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Establishment and characterization of a new human B-cell line (ONHL-1) from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: constant expression of bcl-2 gene during mitogen-induced growth inhibition.

A new B-cell line (ONHL-1) was established from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ONHL-1 was free from Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen and expressed CD20, CD24, and slg (mu, delta, gamma and kappa), thus being equivalent to the mature B-cell stage. Chromosome analysis revealed a markedly abnormal pattern including 14q+ and 6q-. In accordance with the positive expression of surface kappa light chains, one of the kappa genes was found to be rearranged. However, rearrangement of the lambda locus was also detected, contrary to the supposed hierarchy for the rearrangement of the light-chain genes. Further, the rearranged fragments of the JH, C lambda, and bcl-2 genes were of the same size in the EcoRI and HindIII digests on the same filter. This may suggest that the bcl-2 gene is juxtaposed with the JH and C lambda locus. The proliferation of ONHL-I was inhibited by adding Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 or 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. During this growth inhibition, the expression of c-myc decreased, while that of bcl-2 mRNA remained steady. This result suggests that not the bcl-2 gene but other oncogenes, such as c-myc, play a key role in the proliferation of ONHL-1. This agrees with the hypothesis that the bcl-2 gene is not concerned with aggressive proliferation but with cell survival. This new cell line will therefore be of value in studying the differentiation and tumorigenesis of B cells.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1990

Glucocorticoid effects on myeloma cells in culture: correlation of growth inhibition with induction of glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA.

Glucocorticoids are widely used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. To investigate the direct actions of glucocorticoids on myeloma cells, we have used three cell lines of human multiple myeloma, OPM-1, OPM-2, and RPMI 8226. When growth curves of these cells were examined, OPM-1 cells were resistant, while OPM-2 were sensitive to dexamethasone (DEX). In cultures of OPM-2 cells, addition of DEX led to virtual cessation of growth, with only 16% of the residual cells viable after 4 days. RPMI 8226 appeared to be slightly sensitive, showing some slowing of growth for several days in DEX, with later recovery. Viabilities of OPM-1 and RPMI 8226 cells were not affected. Secretion of immunoglobulin (Ig-lambda) was also partially suppressed, by 30% in OPM-2 and 14% in OPM-1. No significant suppression was observed in RPMI 8226. To explore the mechanism of these differential responses to the steroid, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was examined. Binding assays showed high affinity binding sites in all three cell lines: 64 +/- 11 fmol/10(6) cells in OPM-1, 78 +/- 14 in OPM-2, and 62 +/- 16 in RPMI 8226. Nuclear transfer of GR and DNA-cellulose binding after heat activation appeared similar in all three cell lines. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cytosol proteins labeled with [3H]dexamethasone mesylate showed a GR of Mr 95,000 in all three. When GR mRNA was studied in these cells, all of them had GR mRNA of approximately 7 kilobases, but OPM-2 and RPMI 8226 had 3 times more GR mRNA than OPM-1. OPM-2 GR mRNA was induced 2-fold by DEX treatment at 5 x 10(-9) M or greater. OPM-1 GR mRNA was much less sensitive, with no response at less than 10(-6) M DEX and only 1.5-fold induction at that concentration. These results demonstrate that some myeloma cells can be killed by a direct action of glucocorticoids. The quantity and affinity of GR in the cells were not predictive of this response. Therefore, we propose that the resistance of OPM-1 and the relative resistance of RPMI 8226 to glucocorticoid inhibition of cell growth is by post-receptor mechanisms. The high sensitivity of induction of GR mRNA in OPM-2 may correlate with glucocorticoid-evoked cell kill.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1990

Demonstration of high-affinity interleukin-2 receptors on B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells: functional and structural characterization.

Functional and structural characteristics of interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptors on B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cells were analyzed by a proliferation assay, IL-2 binding assay and cross-linking study. In the 3H-thymidine incorporation assay, purified B-CLL cells from four out of sixteen cases, in which the percentage of Tac antigen (Tac Ag) positive cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes ranged from 0 to 48.8%, responded to IL-2 (100 U/ml) after both 3- and 6-day incubation. No relationship was found between the responsiveness to IL-2 and the percentage of Tac Ag positive cells. In the radiolabeled IL-2 binding assay, however, B-CLL cells from all seven cases examined, including three cases with mitogenic response to IL-2 and four cases without mitogenic response, were shown to have both high- and low-affinity receptors. The number of high- and low-affinity receptors per cell ranged from 29-186 and from 420 to 1,800, respectively. Furthermore, with the affinity cross-linking method p55 (Tac Ag) and p70/75 were found even in cases without mitogenic response in their B-CLL cells. In conclusion, the B-CLL cells so far examined possessed high-affinity IL-2 receptors consisting of p55 and p70/75; nevertheless, this was not sufficient to respond to the mitogenic signal of IL-2.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1990

Aberrant expression of immunoglobulin light chain isotype in B lymphocytes from patients with monoclonal gammopathies: isotypic discordance and clonal B-cell excess.

A study was made of 29 patients with monoclonal gammopathies to detect aberrations in immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain isotype expression in lymphocytes at various levels of B-cell differentiation, namely, circulating surface Ig positive (SIg+) cells, Ig-secreting cells (plaque forming cells, PFC) and mitogen-induced PFC. By using kappa-lambda analysis, two major phenotypes of aberrant Ig light chain isotype expression were found in circulating B cells at these three levels of differentiation: an absolute increase in B cells bearing the same Ig light chain isotype as that of monoclonal protein (clonal B-cell excess), and a relative decrease in those B cells (isotypic discordance). Isotypic discordance (ID) was found to be essentially negative in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) provided that they were in a stable condition. In myeloma patients, ID was found only in stage I, except for a remission case of stage III (4/7 in stage I, 0/8 in stage II, and 1/6 in stage III). ID was not restricted to a circulating SIg+ cell level but was also demonstrable at a spontaneous or pokeweed mitogen-induced PFC level. However, ID was negative at a PFC level induced by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. Clonal B-cell excess (CE) was frequently found in patients with active myeloma but not in stable patients (0/8 in MGUS, 1/7 in stage I, 8/8 in stage II, and 4/6 in stage III). CE was positive not only at a circulating SIg+ cell level but also at a circulating PFC level. Furthermore, patients with CE at a PFC level were found to have a higher proliferating capacity, defined as a percentage labelling index of marrow myeloma cells, than those without CE at a PFC level (P less than 0.02). ID and CE can therefore be considered as useful markers for discriminating between MGUS and myeloma, evaluating the clinical stability and predicting the clinical course.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1990

[A new counting method for airborne Japanese red cedar and grass pollen allergens by the immunoblotting technique].

We devised a new counting method of pollen allergen particles which improved the fluorescence immunoblotting technique by Schumacher et al (1988). And by which airborne pollen allergens became visible under 10X magnifier or naked eyes. Airborne pollen allergens collected on the Burkard's sampling tape were transferred onto nitrocellulose membrane and were reacted with anti Cry j I rabbit serum or anti Lol p I rabbit serum, and then treated with alkaline phosphatase conjugated F(ab')2 anti rabbit IgG. Finally, bluish purple spots were obtained by staining with BCIP/NBT phosphatase substrate system. This technique does not require any skillful morphological observation, and is more suitable to measure the amounts of airborne pollen allergen for given pollinosis patients because total pollen allergen particles with common antigenicity are measured. In Japanese red cedar pollen counts, we could not count the spots more than 400 grains per 0.16 cm2 of the sample trapping area due to many overlapping spots. In this case, we tried to calculate the value from the ratio of bluish purple coloured area to one pollen area. However, a more suitable method for estimating the content of pollinosis caused airborne allergens may be colorimetric quantitation using densitometry and displaying the value as allergen content.

Allergens↗
PubMed1990

[Studies of CT images of bronchial tuberculosis, in reference to its pathogenesis].

CT images of 18 patients with bronchial tuberculosis were studied and pathogenesis of the disease was analyzed on the basis of CT findings. Characteristic CT findings, observed in 15 cases, were thickening of bronchial wall and/or swelling of adjacent pulmonary arteries in peripheral part of bronchial tuberculosis lesion. In 11 of these 15 cases, observed pulmonary cavity and/or large tuberculosis lesions at the periphery of the above-mentioned CT findings, were considered to develop to the direct extension from parenchymal tuberculosis. Other 4 cases showed the above-mentioned characteristic CT findings, but without parenchymal lesions, the pathogenesis of the disease remained undetermined. In remaining 3 cases, neither characteristic CT findings nor remarkable parenchymal lesion was noticed. One of them was clarified by bronchoscopic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of chromosome abnormalities with clinical characteristics in thyroid lymphoma.

Karyotypes from seven patients with thyroid lymphoma were studied before treatment. When the cytogenetic results were correlated with the clinical data, it became evident that there are two distinct groups of patients with thyroid lymphoma. In a group of patients with solely numerical abnormalities the disease is associated with a rather long duration from the onset of goiter to the time of operation for lymphoma, with abnormal thyroid function, and with positive tests for antithyroid autoantibodies. Two of four patients in this group showed trisomy 22; the remaining two showed a loss of a sex chromosome. The other group of patients with solely structural abnormalities is associated with a short duration from the onset of goiter to the time of operation, with normal thyroid function, and with the trend of negative tests for autoantibodies. Two of three patients in this group showed a 14q+ abnormality. These results indicate that there are two distinct type of thyroid lymphoma, chromosomal changes of which are implicated as pathogenetic factors in lymphomagenesis of different mechanisms.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of surface antigen expression of human immunoglobulin-secreting cells: phenotypic heterogeneity in normal counterparts of myeloma cells.

Human myeloma cells are malignant counterparts of plasma cells which represent the most differentiated B cells. Myeloma cells are, however, heterogeneous in their surface antigen expression (Katagiri et al, 1984, 1985), which may reflect that normal plasma cells have a spectrum of differentiation. To test this hypothesis, immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) of non-neoplastic nature were studied with regard to their surface antigen expression by using a combination of reverse haemolytic plaque assay and complement-dependent cytolysis. Non-neoplastic ISC were found to have a broad spectrum of differentiation stages from the immature type of CD20+, HLA-DR+, CD38+ in the peripheral blood to the mature type of CD20-, HLA-DR-, CD38+ in the bone marrow. In patients with polyclonal B cell activation (PBA), ISC showed a more immature antigen expression in comparison with ISC in normal controls or patients without PBA. The surface antigen development of ISC was clearly demonstrated throughout the stages in the analysis of mitogen-induced ISC in vitro. No significant difference in the surface phenotype of ISC was found among heavy chain classes. Thus, non-neoplastic ISC show a spectrum of differentiation similar to that of myeloma cells, depending on the site where ISC are located, and on the degree of PBA in vivo.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1989

[CALLA-positive leukemic multiple myeloma of IgA-kappa type].

A 73-year-old man was admitted into the hospital because of lumbago in October, 1986. Laboratory examination on admission showed anemia, an IgA-kappa Bence Jones proteinemia. The bone marrow picture disclosed a marked involvement by the neoplastic cells, followed by leukemic conversion 2 weeks later. The leukemic cells displayed a lymphoblastoid appearance on light microscopy, but rather compatible with plasma cells on electron microscopy, showing some strands of rough endoplasmic reticulum and a prominent Golgi apparatus in the cytoplasm. The cells expressed a wide spectrum of surface markers, including those of plasma cell (PCA-1, OKT10), B cell (B1, sIg) and CALLA. Reverse hemolytic plaque assay disclosed the immunoglobulin production of monoclonal kappa chain, but a heavy chain production was recognized only in a small proportion of the cells. Under the diagnosis of multiple myeloma, he was treated with vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and prednisolone. But he died of renal failure complicating hypercalcemia after only three months of the admission in accordance with previous reports that CALLA-positive myeloma was associated with poor prognosis. This case may also represent the clinical, morphological and phenotypic diversity in multiple myeloma.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Autogenous, allogenic, and beta-TCP grafts: comparative effectiveness in experimental bone furcation defects in dogs.

The healing responses of three implant materials--fresh autogenous bone, allogenic decalcified freeze-dried bone, and alloplastic implant, beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP)--were evaluated and compared. Through-and-through furcational defects were surgically created in the third and fourth mandibular premolars of three dogs. Implant material was then placed individually in the surgical defects. All defects without grafting served as controls. Following grafting (ten weeks into the healing period), individual dogs were killed and prepared for light microscopy. The following results were recorded: (1) All materials were well-tolerated. No post-surgical complications occurred. (2) Graft sites showed more pronounced regeneration and the possibility of higher periodontal attachment than did control sites. (3) The defects filled with autogenous bone showed slightly more pronounced regeneration than in allogenic freeze-dried bone and beta-TCP.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1989

[Hourly variations in the dispersion of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollens in the Yamagata basin and the effect of cold and warm fronts on the pollen counts].

Airborne pollen counts of Cryptomeria japonica (CJ) were investigated at three points in the Yamagata Basin: 1. the central part of Yamagata City (point A), 2. at the foot of a mountain with a CJ grove (point B), 3. within the CJ grove (point C). At the beginning of the CJ pollen season, the airborne pollen counts at point B showed higher values than those at point A, whereas the relation of the count values was reversed later at the major pollen dispersion period. Numerous airborne pollens were detected at point C during the daytime, but few at night. On the other hand, many airborne pollens were found at point A during both the day and night. These results suggest that the pollens which come to rest on the roofs of houses and the pavement surfaces may be blown up into the air again. It was found that many pollens could be counted before a warm front passed through point A but that few pollens could be counted at the passage of a cold front.

Air↗
PubMed1989

Development and distribution of the major pollen allergen (Cry j I) in male flower buds of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica).

We investigated the production of the major pollen allergen [Cry j I] of Japanese cedar (Cj) in the course of male flower bud development. We found that most of the pollen was at the tetrad stage in early September, and they developed to the mature stage in mid-October (1987) or early November (1988). Large amounts of Cry j I seemed to be extractable to ABS solution from the mature stage pollen but not from the pollen at other stages, that is, the tetrad and immature stages. Mature pollen could be ruptured with ammonium bicarbonate buffer, but tetrad and immature pollen could not. By immunofluorescent technique, antigen Cry j I was detected in the pollen only at the mature stage of Cj pollen development. Therefore, we think that Cry j I is produced at the time of pollen maturation.

Allergens↗