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Biomedical subjects

S Kanazawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Kanazawa.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Studies on motion sickness caused by high curve speed railway vehicles. Evaluation of the swing and its effects on passengers and conductors.

The high curve speed railway vehicles (HCSRVs) of the Japanese National Railway have been operating since 1973 with the aim of increasing speed on ordinary routes with many curve track sections. Although the aim of increased speed has been attained, it has been pointed out that the swing of HCSRVs is stronger than that of ordinary-type trains and it may increase motion sickness among the passengers and conductors. In this study, the authors examined motion sickness symptoms among 119 passengers and 100 conductors of both trains with a self-administered questionnaire, and evaluated the vibration acceleration on the floor by using the 1/3 Octave Band Analyzer and the Fast Fourier Transform method (FFT). The results can be summarized as follows: There were more passengers and conductors suffering from motion sickness riding on HCSRVs than those on the control trains. HCSRVs had the peak values of vibration acceleration within the range of 0.5 Hz and 1 Hz at horizontal, although the control train showed them above 1.0 Hz. These results suggest that the high rates of subjective complaints of passengers and conductors riding on HCSRVs were affected by vibration acceleration of frequency lower than 1 Hz.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1986

Detection of folate deficiency in alcoholism using the peripheral blood lymphocyte deoxyuridine suppression test.

Twenty-seven alcoholic patients were studied for folate status. Twenty-two (81%) had neutrophil hypersegmentation and were detected as folate deficient by also having low serum folate, erythrocyte folate, lymphocyte folate and/or an abnormal peripheral blood lymphocyte deoxyuridine suppression test. Seventeen (63%) had an abnormal lymphocyte deoxyuridine suppression test and all 17 were corrected by the addition of methyltetrahydrofolate or pteroylglutamate. Comparison of these 63% abnormal (corrected by folate) results using the peripheral blood lymphocyte deoxyuridine suppression test with the lower percent abnormal (corrected by folate) bone marrow deoxyuridine suppression tests found in folate-deficient alcoholics by others suggests that the peripheral blood deoxyuridine suppression test may be more useful than the bone marrow deoxyuridine suppression test for laboratory diagnosis of folate deficiency responsive to folate therapy in alcoholism. Hidden iron deficiency is common in alcoholism, and in the concomitant presence of deficiencies of hemoglobin synthesis and of folate, the serum and erythrocyte folate and deoxyuridine suppression test in bone marrow are frequently normal, despite the suppression test being abnormal in lymphocytes and corrected by folate.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Binding of cobalamin analogs to intrinsic factor-cobalamin receptor and its prevention by R binder.

It is now known that nonphysiological cobalamin analogs exist in the gastrointestinal tract, but their metabolic behavior is unclear. In this study, [57Co]cobinamide was used to study its affinity to hog intrinsic factor-cobalamin (IF-Cbl) receptor which has no species specificity against human IF-Cbl receptor, and its relation to human saliva R binder. Cobinamide was prepared from [57Co]cyanocobalamin and separated by paper chromatography. Human IF-Cbl complex was bound to IF-Cbl receptor but free cyanocobalamin was not. Although R binder-cobinamide was not bound to the IF-Cbl receptor, free cobinamide was bound to the IF-Cbl receptor to a significant extent (about one-half of IF-cyanocobalamin binding to the IF-Cbl receptor). We then investigated the binding of cobinamide to R binder and trypsin-treated R binder. Association constant of cobinamide binding to the IF-Cbl receptor was 1.0 X 10(9) M-1 which was much lower than that of cobinamide binding to trypsin-treated R binder and to untreated R binder. Further study indicated that cobinamide binding to the IF-Cbl receptor was blocked by the addition of R binder and also by trypsin-treated R binder. We conclude that one of the roles of R binder is to prevent binding of free cobalamin analogs to the IF-Cbl receptor in the gut.

Cobamides↗
PubMed1985

Comparative study of the work load between one-man buses and two-man buses.

The differences in physiological and safety conditions of one-man buses and two-man buses were examined from the view point of occupational fatigue. This survey consisted of a work load study which included a time study, study of subsidiary behavior, auditory task, memory test, Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and physiological function tests and a self-administered questionnaire which involved items concerning safety and subjective fatigue complaints. The visual and postural restrictions in the one-man bus were greater than in the two-man bus. The mental capacity of the one-man bus drivers was found to be less. Greater mental fatigue and stress were observed in the one-man bus. More subjective fatigue complaints were observed in the one-man bus. More cases of near accidents were observed in the one-man bus. From these results it was concluded that the one-man bus caused bus drivers a greater mental and physical work load.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Enhancement by human bile of the binding of free and intrinsic factor-bound cobalamin (vitamin B12) to small bowel epithelial cell receptors.

The effect of human bile on the binding of free cobalamin (Cbl) and of intrinsic factor-Cbl (IF-Cbl) complexes to intestine receptors was examined in in vitro receptor extracts made from guinea pig small bowel epithelial cells. Cbl and IF-Cbl complex binding to the receptors was measured in the effluent from a Sephadex G-200 column. Intrinsic factor-Cbl binding to the receptors in the control samples was 4.32 +/- 0.07 ng/animal (mean +/- SEM); addition of bile, saturated with excess 57Co-Cbl enhanced binding to 5.26 +/- 0.16 ng/animal (p less than 0.001). These data suggest that bile enhances binding of IF-Cbl complex onto ileal receptors. Whether bile also serves as "releasing factor" by releasing Cbl from intrinsic factor in vivo remains to be determined.

Animals↗