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Biomedical subjects

S Jones

Publications and source records attributed to S Jones.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Wisconsin Behavior Rating Scale: measure of adaptive behavior for the developmental levels of 0 to 3 years.

The development of the Wisconsin Behavior Rating Scale was examined. We hypothesized that the extensive content of the scale as well as its arrangement of items with progressive difficulty would be effective in discriminating a rather homogeneous group of individuals functioning between 0 and 4.0 years. The scale was standardized on a sample of 325 institutionalized mentally retarded persons and a sample of 184 nonretarded infants and young children. Highly acceptable levels of reliability and validity were established for both samples. With respect to factorial validity, cognitive and psychomotor abilities accounted for approximately 83% of the explained variance. The hypothesis was supported in terms of adequate results of high concurrent and construct validity of the scale.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

Route of incorporation of alveolar palmitate and choline into surfactant phosphatidylcholine in rabbits.

Intratracheal injection of 3-day-old rabbits with radioactively labeled palmitic acid and choline results in an 8-10-fold increase in the efficiency of their incorporation into surfactant phosphatidylcholine when compared to the intravenous injection of these precursors. Based on labeling patterns in microsomal, lamellar body and alveolar wash fractions, the incorporation appears to be via normal surfactant synthetic pathways. Intratracheal injection of phospholipid precursors is useful for producing relatively high specific activity natural surfactant.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Behavioural examinations of the anti-aggressive drug fluprazine.

The behavioural influence of the anti-aggressive drug Fluprazine (DU 27716) was examined using an ethological technique. The drug inhibited aggressive behaviour but not in an entirely specific way. Fluprazine also stimulated non-social and defensive/flight behaviours; there was a greater tendency for drug-treated animals to avoid their opponents. Using an automatic recording technique the drug's anti-aggressive action was monitored for 23 h. There was a potent anti-aggressive influence that lasted for up to 4 h. However, when the drug-effect wore off there were bouts of fighting. Over 23 h Fluprazine did not significantly decrease the total aggression recorded.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

Detachment of pacemaker active fixation helix.

The introduction of active fixation electrodes has been a major advance in permanent atrial and ventricular endocardial pacing. We report here an important complication in the use of one such device, the Medtronic transvenous unipolar screw-in ventricular lead (Model 6959).

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Cardiovascular effects of surfactant suspensions given by tracheal instillation to premature lambs.

After delivery by cesarean section at 133-136 days gestational age, 18 lambs were supported with infant ventilators. Peak inspiratory pressure was the only ventilator setting that was changed in an attempt to normalize PCO2. The lambs were retrospectively divided into two groups based on their respiratory status before treatment. Ten lambs with PCO2 values of 38 +/- 2 mmHg (mean +/- S.E.) at 5 h of age were treated with a 15-ml suspension containing 50 mg natural sheep surfactant lipid/kg body weight. After surfactant instillation, pH fell, PCO2 increased and compliance/kg decreased transiently. Surfactant treatment did not reduce the respiratory support that these lambs required. Eight lambs with PCO2 values of 68 +/- 3 mmHg at 3 +/- 0.8 h of age responded to surfactant instillation with a decrease in PCO2 and an increase in PO2 and pH. In both groups of lambs heart rates, mean aortic pressures, and mean pulmonary artery pressures changed little after surfactant instillation. Cardiac outputs and regional blood flows measured before and after surfactant treatment were unchanged. Instillation of surfactant suspensions to premature lambs did not adversely affect cardiovascular status; however, some lambs did have a transient deterioration of lung function after surfactant instillation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Parenchymal brain lesions in spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats.

The gross and histological features of 189 parenchymal brain lesions in 57 spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rats are described. There were 127 lesions many of them cystic, showing evidence of old haemorrhage. Of these, 71 also showed recent haemorrhage and there were 26 lesions showing recent haemorrhage only. There were 21 small focal lesions with necrosis and scarring but without any old or recent haemorrhage and 15 other lesions showing focal oedema with microcysts. Undoubted histological evidence of recent ischaemic necrosis was not seen. In this animal model which spontaneously develops severe hypertension, the brain lesions are predominantly the result of leakage of blood components from small vessels.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effect of T cell-derived lymphokines containing B cell differentiation factor(s) for IgG (BCDF gamma) on gamma-specific mRNA in murine B cells.

Cytoplasmic RNA was isolated from cells cultured with LPS and LPS plus a T cell-derived supernatant (SN) (PK 7.1) containing B cell differentiation factors. The steady state levels of isotype-specific mRNA were assessed by Northern blot analysis with gamma-specific CH3 probes. It was demonstrated that the SN induces an increase in the level of mRNA for gamma 1 and a concomitant decrease in the levels of mRNA for gamma 2b and gamma 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Surfactant phosphatidylcholine source, fluxes, and turnover times in 3-day-old, 10-day-old, and adult rabbits.

We have measured turnover times for alveolar surfactant phosphatidylcholine in rabbits at 3 and 10 days of age and in adult rabbits. To generate accurate estimates of the turnover time of surfactant phosphatidylcholine from lamellar bodies into the alveolar space, large numbers of rabbits at each age were injected with radiolabeled choline, palmitic acid, and phosphate. Phosphatidylcholine was isolated from lamellar body and surfactant fractions from each rabbit. Curves of specific activity versus time were analyzed using the Zilversmit equations for a two compartment precursor-product model. The curves for each labeled precursor at each age were consistent with the lamellar bodies being the sole precursors of surfactant phosphatidylcholine. The same equations were used to calculate turnover times for surfactant phosphatidylcholine; these were 8-10 h in 3- and 10-day-old rabbits but only 3 h in adult rabbits. From estimates of surfactant phosphatidylcholine pool sizes and turnover times, the flux of surfactant phosphatidylcholine was estimated to be 3.4 mumol/h in adult and 0.48 mumol/h in 3-day-old rabbits; however, the flux expressed/kg of body weight is 2.4 times larger in 3-day-old than in adult rabbits. Finally, the conservation of the radiolabeled precursors in phosphatidylcholine implies reutilization of phosphatidylcholine after synthesis and secretion.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Ten-year experience of 359 epicardial pacemaker systems: complications and results.

In the last ten years (1970-1980) 457 patients underwent permanent pacemaker insertion in the Brompton Hospital. Our practice has been somewhat atypical in that the majority of these patients had epicardial leads, initially using a Cordis intramural sutured electrode (85 patients), and subsequently a Medtronic sutureless electrode (274 patients). Our initial experience with these electrodes was satisfactory, but more recently it has become apparent that the long-term morbidity and complication rate is high. The respective complication rates being 25% and 18% for sutured and sutureless epicardial electrodes. In this study, lead complications were defined as those requiring lead replacement, and problems most commonly encountered were high voltage threshold, infection, and lead fracture. Unless there are specific indications for epicardial pacing it is now our policy to treat patients requiring permanent pacing with endocardial systems. Our complication rate with this technique (90 patients) is significantly lower (9%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Family factors in schizophrenic relapse: a replication.

Family factors have been reported to influence the course of schizophrenia. In a replication of British studies, schizophrenic patients from the Los Angeles area were evaluated for symptomatic relapse 9 months after hospital discharge as a function of the level of "expressed emotion" in their relatives. In striking confirmation of the British findings, patients who came from families that were excessively critical, emotionally overinvolved, or both were much more likely to relapse than their counterparts who came from more tolerant and accepting families.

Affective Symptoms↗